Researchers discovered a connection between earthquake characteristics and tsunami size, finding that shallow rupture can produce larger tsunamis. This study suggests reevaluating the use of earthquake magnitude in estimating tsunami threats.
Researchers at UC Riverside have discovered that targeting the TNFR1 receptor may be a more effective approach to treating inflammatory bowel disease. By selectively blocking TNFR1, they found significant benefits in mice with Crohn's-like ileitis, suggesting this approach could offer a new opportunity for healing.
In meerkat societies, testosterone-driven aggression enables cooperative breeding by creating a hierarchy where subordinates help raise the matriarch's pups. Researchers found that matriarchs' high testosterone levels drive their aggressive behavior, which maintains group structure.
An analysis of data from 16 US states found that wine and spirit sales increased during the early months of the pandemic, while beer sales declined. Visits to liquor stores increased, but those to bars and pubs decreased.
Researchers used 3D printing and virtual reality to prepare for operations in 20 patients, including a 35-week-old fetus and children. The technology reduced trial and error during surgery and improved communication between anaesthesiologists and patients.
A recent study found that major US electric utility companies' voluntary climate pledges could lower net emissions by roughly 560 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent, an amount equal to one-third of 2018 US power sector emissions. This reduction is on top of existing policies and could play a vital role in climate change mitigation.
A global study found that deforestation-fuelled heat is making work increasingly intolerable for millions across the Tropics. The research highlights how tropical forests provide natural air-conditioning services, and warns of disproportionate heat exposure for populations in deforested areas.
Researchers found that a genetic mutation associated with severe congenital epilepsy also leads to neural degeneration, inflammation and behavioral symptoms in mice. The study suggests the mutation as a potential target for treatment.
Researchers used AI and genomic data to predict which patients with early-stage rheumatoid arthritis are most likely to benefit from methotrexate treatment within the first three months. The study identified potential personalized medicine approaches for rheumatoid arthritis treatment, paving the way for further research.
Researchers at MIT developed a selective separation process using sulfidation to target rare metals like cobalt in lithium-ion batteries. The approach reduces energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions compared to traditional liquid-based separation methods.
A study of 1.1 million patients with type 2 diabetes found disparities in the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists by racial and ethnic groups, as well as by sex and socioeconomic status. The findings highlight concerns about unequal access to effective diabetes care.
Researchers at UT Health San Antonio discovered that norepinephrine release in the visual cortex is tied to processing of imagery and cells' activation. This local regulation enhances sensory-specific attention and may represent a mechanism to enhance focus.
Banana Blood disease has arrived in mainland Malaysia, spreading rapidly across the country and potentially threatening food security. The disease, first reported in Indonesia in 1905, has already devastated banana plantations in many parts of Southeast Asia.
Scientists have developed a pioneering new technique to barcode individual cells more accurately and efficiently. The method combines artificial intelligence with microfluidics, allowing for real-time analysis of single cells and enabling the efficient sorting and counting of cells.
Bielefeld University researcher Yaochu Jin is working on developing artificial intelligence that mimics nature's principles to tackle complex problems. His research aims to create more flexible AI systems that can adapt to uncertainty and fuzziness, with potential applications in healthcare and other fields.
Research found that forests with diverse tree species exhibit higher growth stability and biomass production under fluctuating climate conditions. This is due to the diversity of species characteristics, such as asynchrony in growth patterns and drought-tolerance strategies, which counterbalance negative impacts of extreme weather events.
A Dutch study of over 1,800 adults found that repeated general anaesthetics have little impact on long-term cognitive decline compared to patient factors such as high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, smoking, and educational level. Cognitive decline was more strongly linked to these factors than to the number of surgeries under general...
Researchers analyzed hundreds of thousands of secure email messages between doctors and patients to find that most doctors use language too complex for their patients' low health literacy. Effective communication can improve patient outcomes by tailoring electronic messages to match the complexity of the patient's language.
A Korean research team developed a technology for detecting humans lying on the road in real-time using Visual AI 'DeepView'. This technology can prevent safety accidents and respond promptly to emergencies. DeepView recognizes human behavior by analyzing detailed joint points and postures, increasing accuracy and detection time.
A recent study found that a substantial decline in lung cancer deaths is associated with earlier diagnosis of lung cancer through increased screening via computed tomography (CT) and follow-up scans. This approach can lead to surgical interventions, which can often be curative for precancerous nodules.
Researchers from Hefei Institutes of Physical Science developed a novel model to assess hypertension risk based on simple risk factors. The model achieved an AUC of 0.92, outperforming traditional methods, and identified top risk factors including Body Mass Index, age, and family history.
The h-BN/NiS2/NiS nanocatalyst exhibits high photocatalytic performance for removing Cr(VI) and rhodamine B from wastewater, with a synergistic effect enhancing its activity and stability. The composite material displays uniform dispersion of NiS2/NiS nanocrystals, increased specific surface area, and enhanced light absorption.
Scientists have identified a crucial mechanism for Rhodopsin production in fruit flies, which may lead to a better understanding of retinitis pigmentosa and vision loss. The study reveals that the EMC protein complex is essential for the proper folding and insertion of Xport-A, a key chaperone of Rhodopsin.
A study by Dr. Felix Hagemeister found a significant link between right-wing populist party victories and an increase in far-right protests, particularly in areas with relatively liberal attitudes.
Lesions in white matter carry messages between neurons, damaging it and leading to cognitive deficits. Researchers found that strain on ventricular walls explains where lesions develop in the aging brain.
A team of researchers at UC Santa Cruz has created an unusual protein structure known as a ‘rippled beta sheet’ by mixing mirror-image peptides. The study used x-ray crystallography to obtain images of the structure, which closely matches predictions made in 1953 by Linus Pauling and Robert Corey.
Researchers found evidence of lignite smoke inhalation in Bronze Age dental calculus, revealing its early use in kilns. This discovery suggests the Mycenaean Greeks produced high-quality ceramic vessels and bronzes on an industrial scale, with systematic lignite use enabling mass production.
A recent study reveals that narwhals are highly affected by noise pollution from ships and seismic airgun pulses, triggering stress and altering their behavior. Researchers hope that better management of noise pollution will protect these unique Arctic animals.
Researchers from Forschungszentrum Jülich have developed a perovskite solar cell with exceptional stability, retaining 99% of its initial efficiency after 1450 hours of operation. The new design features a double-layer polymer structure that protects the contact point and ensures stable conductivity.
A Salk Institute team has uncovered a neural network in the brain that connects breathing rhythm with feelings of pain and fear. This discovery could lead to the development of an analgesic that prevents opioid-induced respiratory depression, a major cause of overdose deaths.
The Li Faxin Research Group at Peking University has developed the world's first dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) suitable for hard materials. This instrument measures Young's modulus, shear modulus, and internal friction under variable temperature conditions, offering accurate and quick analysis of material properties.
Researchers at Nagoya University developed a scalable method to produce high-temperature superconductors with artificial pinning centers, improving their properties. The technique, known as grain boundary engineering, can help develop stronger, inexpensive, and high operating temperature superconductors.
Scientists have discovered a brain protein, CNTNAP2, that quiets overactive brain cells and is at abnormally low levels in children with autism. The protein can be detected in cerebrospinal fluid, making it a potential biomarker for diagnosing autism and treating epilepsy.
Sauropod dinosaurs were restricted to warmer, drier habitats than other dinosaur types, which could thrive in Earth's polar regions. The researchers found that sauropods' range was more limited during colder periods, suggesting a unique physiology closer to being 'cold-blooded'.
Research from MUSC suggests that physicians should be cautious when using laboratory tests to diagnose alcoholic cirrhosis due to false negative results. Patients with advanced liver disease often show subtle signs and symptoms in the early stages of cirrhosis.
A new study published in Frontiers in Endocrinology has identified a promising target for an anti-hypoglycaemia drug by boosting the brain's AMPK fuel gauge. The researchers found that the compound increases the release of glucagon from the pancreas, defending against hypoglycaemia.
A recent study at the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences used virtual reality to simulate emotionally engaging situations, allowing researchers to measure brain activity and find a correlation between alpha oscillations and emotional arousal. This discovery has implications for psychological therapy and treatment.
Researchers have discovered that HIV drugs may be effective in treating low-grade brain tumours, specifically meningioma and acoustic neuroma. High levels of HERV-K proteins were found to stimulate the growth of these tumours, and targeted drugs have been identified to reduce their growth.
An international team of astronomers has created a new map of the Milky Way's outer disc, showing remains of tidal arms excited from interactions with satellite galaxies in the distant past. The map reveals numerous previously unknown filamentary structures at the edge of the disc.
Researchers found that ocean acidification and global warming alter fish behavior in groups, affecting their ability to acquire food and evade predators. This disruption could lead to species extinction as tropical fish struggle in new temperate areas.
Researchers have discovered that marine worms must develop a certain number of body segments before forming their original reproductive cells. This finding could have major implications for human stem-cell research and infertility treatments.
Researchers from Tokyo Tech propose a new carbon-based energy storage system that uses CO2 as the primary source. The system achieves high volumetric energy density and charge-discharge efficiency compared to hydrogen storage systems.
Researchers estimate that people living in deforested locations have lost nearly 5 million hours of safe work time due to increased local temperatures, with at least 2.8 million people affected by heavy physical labor. Deforestation accelerates heat exposure and increases the risk of heat-related illnesses.
The reNEW Center aims to harness therapeutic potential in stem cell medicine for incurable diseases, with a focus on translation and collaboration. Scientists will work together to develop new treatments and therapies.
Researchers studying cobalt mining in the DRC found associations with violence, substance abuse, and health challenges. The study highlights the need for social life cycle assessments to understand emerging technologies' impact on human well-being.
Forest restoration reduces severe fire risk by half, safeguarding California spotted owl habitats. This study suggests that targeted forest management can mitigate climate change impacts on species conservation.
A study analyzing major US electric utility pledges suggests that if implemented, these reductions could lower power sector emissions by 30% by 2050. However, about one-seventh of the pledged cuts are redundant and would be required under existing state regulations.
The Arizona Alzheimer's Disease Research Center has received a $15.7 million NIH grant to support its efforts in advancing Alzheimer's disease research and care in Arizona. The grant will focus on establishing the role of promising blood tests in Alzheimer's research, clinical trials, and clinical care.
The study found that plate wettability had no impact on the performance of anti-icing fluids, contradicting previous research. Smooth hydrophobic coatings were shown to prevent ice accretion and reduce water adhesion.
A new study published in Science Advances has shown that transcranial ultrasound (TUS) can disrupt the brain's credit assignment processes, leading to more exploratory decisions. The study also found that TUS selectively alters behavior without affecting other brain regions.
The University of Helsinki is leading a three-year €3.5 million funded project FOODNUTRI to promote digitalisation and green transition in Finland's food system. The project will develop innovative solutions for sustainable food production, processing, and consumption.
A recent study found that loneliness among emerging adults (18-29 years old) has increased by about 0.56 standard deviations on the UCLA Loneliness Scale over a 43-year period. This slight increase is considered a warning signal for the need to design prevention and intervention measures against loneliness.
A Texas A&M University study suggests that ergonomic interventions can reduce pain from technology use, particularly among college students. The researchers found that posture and stress are key factors in pain reporting, rather than device type.
Scientists used humanized mice to investigate COVID-19 severity, discovering that antiviral inflammatory responses contribute to severe cases. Monoclonal antibodies and dexamethasone therapies show promise in treating COVID-19, but timing is crucial for effective treatment.
Researchers found that species-rich forests produce more wood and are less affected by extreme weather conditions. The main reason for this stability is the diversity of functional characteristics among tree species, which helps counterbalance fluctuations in climate.
Researchers at TalTech in Estonia have developed monograin layer solar cell technology that can be used to generate electricity on the Moon. The technology uses pyrite, a mineral found in lunar regolith, and has the potential to provide sustainable power for future lunar outposts.
A team of researchers at Duke University found that surprise can disrupt the stability of patterns in the hippocampus, leading to more false memories. This study has implications for understanding learning and memory, as well as how people recall events and faces.
A Los Alamos National Laboratory team uses transfer learning to predict fault slip in laboratory earthquakes from limited field observations. The approach shows promise for predicting fault-slip behavior and possibly earthquakes in the field.
Researchers from Ruhr-University Bochum investigated bird brains to understand working memory limitations. They found that birds and monkeys share the same central mechanisms and limits of working memory, with a capacity of about four items of information simultaneously.
A common mutation in a rare cancer subtype has led researchers to an already-approved drug that shows promise against uterine serous carcinoma. The RNR inhibitor clofarabine effectively stops the highly aggressive type of cancer in its tracks.
Researchers at Leipzig University have discovered that cancer cells need the succinate receptor to control their metabolic rate. The receptor is found on the surface of various types of tumors and plays a crucial role in the survival of cancer cells.
A recent study found significant inequities in the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA), a medication typically used for treating diabetes, among different racial and ethnic groups. The study, published in JAMA Health Forum, showed that Black patients were 19% less likely to have a GLP-1 RA prescription compared to white patients.
A team of Harvard researchers has created a diverse multilingual speech dataset that spans languages spoken by over 5 billion people. The Multilingual Spoken Words Corpus offers a vast pool of keywords and audio examples for voice-enabled applications, enabling broader global access to voice technology.
A study using survey data found that stronger eviction moratorium protections were associated with lower levels of mental distress among renters during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research highlights the importance of access to stable housing in maintaining mental health, particularly during times of crisis.
Researchers use dual-camera setup to enhance UAV efficiency and accuracy in plant phenotyping and precision agriculture. This approach reduces images required, flight time, and processing time while improving georeferencing and point cloud quality.
Researchers at University of Rochester Medical Center found that the brain processes attended and unattended speech differently, converting attended speech into linguistic units for understanding. This study contributes to developing better wearable devices, such as hearing aids.
The inaugural WHO classification of childhood tumors presents a single, updated compendium of all tumor entities in childhood or adolescence, divided by organ sites. This classification incorporates traditional morphology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular characteristics to provide essential criteria for definition of tumor types.
Researchers have created a new approach to edit genes within specific bacteria in a community using CRISPR-Cas9, enabling targeted genetic modifications. This technology could be used to track edited microbes and potentially treat diseases like digestive issues or create more resilient crops.
Researchers from Hiroshima University analyzed 839 collections of genetic material to identify common features of oxidative stress. They found two genes, CRIP1 and CRIP3, downregulated during oxidative stress, suggesting a relationship with zinc homeostasis. The study also identified shared biological processes between the two types of...
A pilot study by Kessler Foundation found that methylphenidate improved 'state' mental fatigue in individuals with multiple sclerosis, but had no effect on 'trait' fatigue. The study suggests an important role for dopamine in MS-related mental fatigue.
The study of 66 individuals from Kulubnarti, Sudan, reveals that people lived during a period of cultural and social change without strong relationships between social status and biological relatedness. Genetic analysis also shows that some second-degree relatives were buried across the cemetery divide, indicating fluidity among groups.
A new medication dupilumab has been added to the treatment options for children with moderate-to-severe asthma. The international multicenter Liberty Asthma VOYAGE trial found that dupilumab significantly reduced the rate of severe exacerbations and improved lung function in children aged 6 to 11.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered a new zoo of magnetic patterns that can store big data in a small space, using a material called manganese germanide. The discovery could lead to next-generation data storage with increased energy efficiency.
A new study presented at Euroanaesthesia found that critically ill COVID-19 patients with acute kidney injury are more likely to die in the ICU than those with pre-existing chronic kidney disease. The study also showed that dialysis treatment has little impact on survival rates for these patients.
Research reveals a lag of 5-10 years between reduced fungicide use and decrease in fungicide-resistant pathogens. The study's findings provide insights into the impact of fungicide resistance on global distributions of pathogens.
Research identifies maladaptive nature of drug-seeking habits as key factor in perpetuating addiction and relapse. Drug-paired cues can activate flexible goal-directed behaviors, driven by negative emotional urgency.
A new study found significant discrepancies in estimates of social media use among teenagers and their parents, with parents underestimating the time spent on social media. The study also found larger discrepancies in families of color, single parents, and low-income families.