Scientists from GIST have developed a novel catalyst material that improves the longevity and performance of lithium-sulfur batteries. The CoC2O4 catalyst enables efficient electric transportation systems, including drones and large-scale energy storage devices.
Researchers investigated dynamic changes to DNA methylation in shift workers, finding that rest and recovery can restore gene function. The study suggests that insufficient sleep and related inflammatory consequences may mediate shift work disorder, highlighting the importance of sufficient rest for overall health.
Researchers have detected a high-energy neutrino in the wake of a star's destruction by a black hole, providing new insights into the origins of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays. This breakthrough sheds light on decades-old problem and offers support for the conclusion that Tidal Disruption Events could be responsible for producing UHECRs.
The University of Central Florida is helping NASA develop thin-ply composites that are as thin as measuring tape but strong enough to support satellite payloads. These materials offer significant gains in performance over traditional metallic materials and can be rolled up, compacted and stored for long periods.
Researchers developed COSMIC BIRTH to analyse large-scale cosmic structures, expressing observations as if detected in the early universe. The algorithm uses sampling techniques to deal with high-dimensional spaces, enabling the study of galaxy clusters and their formation.
Researchers found that CD14+ macrophages and neutrophils change rapidly in the brain after hemorrhage, with signatures consistent in patients with good recovery. Inhibiting inflammation may improve patient outcomes, and targeting specific molecular circuits could unlock new treatment options for ICH.
Researchers at USC Viterbi School of Engineering used living bacteria to create new materials with superior mechanical properties. These materials exhibit exceptional strength, fracture resistance, and energy dissipation, making them suitable for aerospace panels, vehicle frames, body armor, and defense applications.
A new study published in Frontiers in Earth Science uses citizen science data to identify the temperature cutoff between rain and snow in winter storms in the Lake Tahoe region of the Sierra Nevada. The results show that a warmer temperature threshold of 39.5°F may be more accurate for predicting precipitation in this region.
Researchers find giant Hall effect in material Ce3Bi4Pd3, exceeding theoretical predictions by a thousand times. The effect is caused by complex electron interactions and the Kondo effect, leading to unexpected potential for next-generation quantum technologies.
A research team from Texas A🌍 University and The University of Texas Medical Branch has identified a potential drug to treat SARS-CoV-2 using the FDA-approved heart medication bepridil. The study suggests that bepridil shows significant effectiveness in interfering with SARS-CoV-2 entry into human cells.
A study by University of Helsinki found that people consider humanoid robots' moral decisions less ethically sound than those made by humans or traditional robots. The uncanny valley effect is believed to contribute to this phenomenon, where humans perceive human-like artificial intelligence as eerie or creepy.
Astronomers have created a massive atlas of widely separated binary stars within 3,000 light years of Earth, comprising 1.3 million pairs. This increase in sample size provides insights into the evolutionary phases of these binaries, including 17,000 white dwarfs.
A University of Missouri five-year study found that focusing on positive encouragement in the classroom reduces disruptive behavior and improves students' academic and social outcomes. The study implemented a classroom behavior management training intervention, resulting in decreased disruptions and increased student engagement.
Researchers identified a mechanism linking acrolein accumulation to glycocalyx modifications, damaging the blood-brain barrier. The study suggests that acrolein-modified proHPSE could be a novel drug target for post-stroke inflammation.
Northwestern University researchers create novel biomaterial that enhances neuron growth, a crucial finding for regenerative medicine. The material's bioactive properties allow cells to penetrate and interact with bioactive signals, potentially treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers developed a concept for a new storage medium based on antiferromagnetic materials, which can store binary values (0 or 1) through controlled manipulation of domain walls. The proposed method could potentially replace conventional ferromagnetic systems with faster and more energy-efficient data processing.
Researchers from Osaka University have discovered that insect neurons promoting egg-laying require a circadian clock gene for day length-dependent responses. This study provides new insights into the importance of biological clocks in regulating seasonal physiological functions like reproduction and temperature tolerance in insects.
Researchers have fabricated a tunable metalens made of phase-changing material GSST that can focus light on objects at multiple depths without moving. This enables the creation of miniature optical devices such as heat scopes for drones and ultracompact thermal cameras for cellphones.
A model study suggests that abrupt shifts in ocean currents could occur decades before anticipated due to rate-induced tipping. This could lead to drastic changes in agriculture, biodiversity, and the economy. The findings highlight fundamental limitations in climate predictability and emphasize the need to limit CO2 emissions.
A large prospective study found a significant link between acid reflux disease and the development of cancers in the larynx and esophagus. The study, published in the American Cancer Society journal CANCER, estimated that approximately 17% of these cancers are associated with GERD.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital are testing a model of cystic fibrosis airways exposed to SARS-CoV-2 to investigate differences in response. The team has shown that infected cells can be used to assess antiviral drug responses and may guide therapy for CF patients during the pandemic.
Researchers have synthesized a rare metal complex of nitrous oxide, demonstrating its strong binding ability to metals, potentially opening new avenues for using it in synthetic chemistry. The findings could also help degrade N2O to harmless substances, mitigating its impact on the atmosphere.
A new study shows that species can rapidly adapt to invasive species and their impact on climate change, affecting survival and response strategies. The experiment used fruit flies, finding that exposure to invasive species led to rapid evolutionary changes in size, reproduction, and development.
Researchers found reduced functional connectivity between brain regions in people with HIV and APOE4, leading to poorer memory function. Severe immunosuppression further exacerbated the impact of APOE4 on memory performance.
Scientists at the University of Cambridge have identified a potential new treatment to protect immunosuppressed transplant patients from HCMV reactivation, which can cause serious illness and death. The 'shock and kill' treatment strategy uses epigenetic inhibitors to expose and destroy dormant HCMV infections.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have successfully applied CRISPR to increase corn kernel numbers by targeting promoter regions that regulate gene activity. This technique holds promise for increasing crop yields per acre and making agriculture more sustainable.
Researchers suggest converting CRP land to perennial bioenergy crops as a viable alternative to displacing food production. The integrated modeling approach confirms that this transition can be economically and environmentally viable under certain conditions.
A pre-pandemic study on telemedicine use in a California senior living community found that despite low intervention uptake, residents valued avoiding emergency room visits due to wait times and costs. However, frontline staff perceived the program as not valuable, highlighting the need for cultural shifts among healthcare professionals.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have developed graphene oxide nanofiltration membranes that can effectively recycle pulping wastewater while rejecting chemicals, reducing energy consumption and costs. The new technology has the potential to save the paper industry over 30% in energy usage.
Researchers identified 126 substances that can harm children's health, including phthalates, flame retardants, and fragrances. The study recommends prioritizing phase-out of these chemicals and developing benchmarks for safe use in toy materials.
Researchers discovered a new effect in qubits that may resolve the matter/antimatter discrepancy and improve quantum annealers' performance. The effect occurs when qubits pass through a phase transition, demonstrating that asymmetry is physically possible.
Research found that long-term exposure to low levels of air pollution increases the risk of heart attack, stroke, and respiratory issues. The study analyzed hospitalization records for over 63 million Medicare enrollees and found a significant association between air pollution and increased hospital admissions.
The Brenner base tunnel is being investigated for its geothermal potential, with researchers aiming to use drainage water for climate-friendly heating and cooling of houses. The project aims to develop a sustainable system that can be implemented in other existing tunnel structures.
Researchers are exploring how optical measurement technologies and satellite data can improve the efficiency of forestry value chains. The project aims to identify concrete applications and map actors who can utilize new technologies in their operations.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a new manufacturing technique that uses spinning and curing to form soft, solid structures resembling artificial hairs. The method leverages simple physics to solve engineering problems and promises to play a key role in developing robotic sensing capabilities.
A recent paper from McGill University suggests that a one-size-fits-all approach to sustainability is not feasible due to regional complexities. The researchers propose envisioning diverse desirable futures, nurturing seeds of sustainability, and navigating emerging pathways to create a more sustainable future. This approach acknowledg...
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed protein fragments called peptides that effectively bind to the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein, blocking the virus's ability to access host cells. The team envisions delivering these peptides in nasal sprays or aerosol disinfectants to prevent viral entry.
New research suggests that genetic diversity is not a reliable predictor of species survival and highlights the importance of habitat protection in saving species. Scientists found that most genetic diversity within a genome is neutral and not correlated with overall genetic diversity.
Recent studies highlight the need to incorporate behavioral and social science alongside biological mechanisms in aging research. Behavioral and social factors are causal drivers of biological aging, with influences on healthspan and longevity being large and meaningful. Researchers emphasize the importance of including these factors i...
Engineers from Erbil Technical Engineering College report on the effect of applied load intensity, steel reinforcement index amount and concrete strength on beam depth-span ratio. The study suggests modifying ACI codes to include additional parameters, enabling engineers to control beam deflection within defined limits.
Researchers from the University of Helsinki have identified over 70 new species of jelly lichens in East African mountain forests. The study reveals that many previously thought to be single species are actually distinct entities with narrow ranges, significantly increasing the genus diversity of Leptogium.
Researchers found a genetic mechanism in Mycobacterium tuberculosis that allows the bacterium to respond to stress rapidly and in manner that is 'history-dependent.' The study suggests this mechanism may be key to understanding tuberculosis latency, a global health problem affecting 2-3 billion people.
A study found traces of grapevine products in Sicilian amphorae, suggesting local wine trade persisted during the Byzantine-Islamic transition. Grape syrup and vinegar were also detected, used as preservatives in medicinal purposes and cuisine.
This observational study analyzed COVID-19 data to determine the independent associations between voluntary behavioral change and legal restrictions like state-mandated school closings. The results showed a significant link between these factors and the subsequent spread of the pandemic in the US.
A new study of nearly 4,000 school children found that children who felt they had empathic support from their parents and caregivers were less likely to commit serious crimes. The research also showed that parental empathy enhanced the development of empathy in teenagers, which in turn reduced delinquent behavior.
The Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin team has developed a scalable method for coating larger surfaces using slot-die coating. They found that the optimal amount of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the material ink is critical for crystal growth, with too little or too much reducing performance.
A study by Cornell economists found that market-based or incentive-based environmental policies can spur innovation and improvements in production processes, benefiting regulated firms. However, policies mandating environmental standards and technologies may harm output and profits.
The University of Kansas has earned a five-year $2.5 million grant to establish the Center for Innovation, Design & Digital Learning (CIDDL), aiming to connect researchers, educators, and faculty nationwide to improve technology use in special education. CIDDL will foster innovation, increase understanding of how technology can be harn...
A study of 1,750 Finnish adolescents found that loneliness is a significant risk factor for compulsive internet use. The study suggests that addressing loneliness can help prevent excessive internet use and its negative consequences, such as depression and poor academic performance.
A new study by University of Nebraska-Lincoln psychologist Ingrid Haas found that humans process politically incongruent statements differently, with stronger neurological responses for inconsistent positions. Participants showed increased activity in brain regions involved in cognitive function when reading statements deviating from p...
A survey of caregivers found that half experienced delayed care, while 77% reported increased feelings of anxiety. Many families struggled with interruptions to care and educational disruptions, highlighting the need for improved social support for pediatric cancer patients.
The new journal features short contributions and rapid turnarounds, covering all disciplines of biophysics with an emphasis on methods and techniques. The inaugural Editor-in-Chief, Jörg Enderlein, expects significant potential for the journal to offer transparent and rapid editorial decisions.
A study analyzing 50 years of coral reef biodiversity research reveals widespread 'parachute science,' where international scientists conduct field studies without local engagement. The practice disproportionately affects lower-income countries, excluding host-nation scientists from authorship and limiting knowledge exchange.
A new study from Rice University finds that governments with strong female representation are more likely to deliver on campaign promises. The research also suggests that women in leadership roles are even more effective at keeping these promises.
A mathematical model reveals how two radically different communities coexist beneath California's iconic kelp forests. The model accounts for the growth rate and mortality of algae and invertebrates, as well as the lifecycle of giant kelp and sunlight availability. This dynamic foundation species allows competing groups to dominate at ...
Researchers found amoxicillin-clavulanate as effective as metronidazole-with-fluoroquinolone in preventing diverticulitis-related admissions. The treatment reduced the risk of fluoroquinolone-related harms, including Clostridioides difficile infection.
A study of 48 years of auto recalls found that carmakers delay announcements until after a competitor issues a recall, even if unrelated to similar defects. This suggests a significant financial incentive for firms to cluster following recalls behind leading ones.
Researchers found that sleep helps connect fear memories to sensory events, allowing accurate associations to be made. Without sleep, brain processing of fear becomes impaired, potentially contributing to anxiety and PTSD.
Researchers developed a new sensor using interband cascade light emitting device (ICLED) to detect methane concentrations as low as 0.1 parts per million. The ICLED-based sensors could be used to monitor emissions from livestock and dairy farms, and enable more accurate climate crisis monitoring.
A new silicone-based patch fabrication technique fabricates thin patches that rapidly wick water away from the skin, reducing skin irritation caused by wearable biosensors. The technique was developed to improve comfort and performance of wearable bioelectronics.