Researchers discovered human BCAS3 and C16orf70 as novel autophagic proteins, which accumulate around damaged mitochondria after mitophagy induction. The BCAS3-C16orf70 complex is required for autophagosome formation site recruitment, indicating accessory functions in autophagy machinery.
A summer program at Rice University has proven successful in helping high school girls thrive in challenging science courses, with participants scoring 3% better in physics. The study also found that hands-on engineering experiences help teachers engage students and improve their own self-efficacy in engineering instruction.
A new study found that increased tidal ranges due to human alterations cause more nuisance flooding days in many coastal locations. Coastal nuisance flooding causes problems such as flooded roads and overloaded stormwater systems, and researchers urge caution in altering sensitive estuarine systems.
Clinical algorithms that adjust for race can cause harm to patients by delaying access to additional tests and treatments, according to a new article. The authors argue that the medical community must step up to achieve consensus on paths forward to address racial inequities in health care.
Researchers from Osaka University have identified the molecular mechanism underlying bone marrow regeneration after chemotherapy. They found that group 2 innate lymphoid cells produce granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor to aid in HSPC recovery, and their transfer accelerates hematopoietic recovery.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba successfully detect and map electronic spins in a working transistor made of molybdenum disulfide. This breakthrough could lead to the development of faster spintronic computers that exploit electrons' natural magnetism.
Researchers at Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology developed a novel binder material that protects graphite anodes from degradation, leading to improved battery performance. The new binder outperforms traditional PVDF in terms of mechanical stability, conductivity, and resistance.
Researchers at RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences have discovered a new way to halt excessive inflammation by regulating Arginase-2, a protein that limits inflammatory cytokine production. This breakthrough has the potential to protect the body from tissue damage caused by inflammatory diseases.
Researchers created an AI that understands individual notions of face attractiveness by analyzing brain signals and generating new portraits tailored to each person's preferences. The device demonstrated accuracy in matching personal taste with over 80% correctness.
A new study from the University of Iowa developed a 12-point list of sexual assault prevention strategies, finding that 71% of surveyed men used these tactics regularly. The research suggests that implementing these strategies could be an effective way to reduce sexually aggressive behavior in college men.
Researchers confirm that fine particles in wildfire smoke can be several times more harmful to human respiratory health than particulate matter from car exhaust and other sources. The study, focused on Southern California, highlights the risks of tiny airborne particles with diameters of up to 2.5 microns.
Research finds that people's reason for swiping right is primarily based on attractiveness and the race of a potential partner. Decisions are often made quickly, with only personality, approach style, or long-term goals mattering slightly.
A monoclonal antibody 'cocktail' developed at Vanderbilt University Medical Center effectively neutralizes all known COVID-19 variants. The treatment, comprising two antibodies isolated from previously infected individuals, targets sites on the spike protein other than the highly mutable E484K residue.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have developed a novel urine test to diagnose human kidney transplant rejection. The study, published in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, demonstrates that exosomes isolated from urine samples can serve as a viable biomarker for kidney transplant rejection.
A combined treatment of irradiation and essential oil vapors effectively destroys insects, bacteria and mold in stored grains. The addition of eucalyptus and tea tree essential oils improves effectiveness.
Researchers have developed a novel stem-cell-based therapy targeting key targets in solid tumors, successfully prolonging the lifespan of mouse models with brain metastatic breast cancer. The engineered molecule EvDRL was delivered via allogeneic stem cells, which crossed the blood-brain barrier to home in on tumors.
Researchers say Comet Catalina suggests comets were a key source of carbon on Earth and Mars during the solar system's early formation. This carbon-rich comet's composition helps explain how planets evolved into life-supporting worlds.
New research suggests that unfair police treatment is associated with detrimental outcomes such as depression, suicidal thoughts, drug use, and loss of self-efficacy. The study used a nationally representative sample of over 12,000 participants and found significant disparities in the consequences faced by white and Black people.
A team of scientists has created a novel material with unique properties, exhibiting half-auxetic behavior under both strain and compression. This discovery could lead to breakthroughs in sensing and magneto-optics technologies.
Researchers at EPFL have developed a retinal implant that uses electrodes to stimulate retinal cells, allowing blind individuals to see simplified images in black-and-white. The system has been tested virtually using virtual reality simulations and has demonstrated promising results, paving the way for potential human trials.
Researchers studied CO2 fluxes at East Lake in Newberry Volcano, Oregon, and found that the lake's ecosystem is driven by its volcanic inputs. The study suggests that variations in CO2 flux can be used for volcano monitoring, and that East Lake is unlikely to experience catastrophic gas releases.
A study found that individuals with intellectual disabilities are 2.5 times more likely to contract COVID-19, and 5.9 times more likely to die from the infection than the general population.
Professor Sun's research focuses on deep learning and meta-learning for recognizing images and videos. Her team is working on a food app that uses AI to track nutrition and achieve a healthy diet, but faces challenges due to cultural diversity.
Researchers have developed a new testing method to identify and quantify previously undetectable per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) compounds in watersheds on Cape Cod. The study found large quantities of PFAS, including those from fire-retardant foams, exceeding state maximum contaminant levels.
A study analyzing survey data from 2014-2019 found significant racial/ethnic disparities in autism spectrum disorder rates. The research estimated changes in these disparities over time, providing insight into the impact of diversity on autism diagnosis and prevalence.
A study examined COVID-19 hospitalization outcomes and mortality rates among US adults, analyzing changes over the initial six months of the pandemic. The results revealed significant changes in mortality rates, with a notable decline in the later stages of the pandemic.
Researchers at WRAIR and Duke University have confirmed the effectiveness of monoclonal antibodies against malaria. The study found that certain mAbs showed promise in both culture-based and mouse infection models, suggesting distinct sites on the circumsporozoite protein can be targeted for improved vaccines.
The employment-to-population ratio for working-age people with disabilities increased by 0.3 percent in February 2021, while labor force participation rate also showed modest gains. These improvements are attributed to declining COVID-19 cases and increasing vaccine rollout success.
Researchers have shown that three-layered surgical masks are most effective at stopping large cough droplets from getting atomized into smaller aerosols. This is crucial since these smaller droplets can linger in the air, spreading to people at larger distances.
A Vanderbilt University Medical Center survey identified strong collaborative relationships as a key factor in retaining clinical research coordinators. The study also found that compensation, career growth opportunities, and collegial relationships through hands-on involvement in clinical trials were significant predictors of retention.
Researchers developed a new quantum theory that resolves the Gibbs paradox, a 150-year-old thermodynamic thought experiment. The study shows that even an 'ignorant' experimenter can extract work from a mixing process in a quantum system.
Researchers at Mount Sinai Hospital have identified a new molecular driver of frontal circuit maturation that is essential for cognitive function. By selectively suppressing communication via nicotinic receptors in the frontal circuit, attention deficits caused by Fragile X syndrome can be prevented in animal models.
Artist Michael McDermott creates an art exhibit using images, text, and audio from old cellular phones to raise awareness about digital data privacy. The project aims to educate viewers on the importance of safeguarding deleted information and best practices for disposing of old devices.
New research in mice reveals a crucial link between the gut mycobiome and host metabolic outcomes. The study found that exposure to processed diets led to persistent differences in fungal communities, which correlated with differential body mass deposition and metabolic disturbance.
Researchers at Lund University have developed a new method for generating antibodies using CRISPR-Cas9, which enables the identification of novel target molecules and could lead to more effective treatments for cancer and autoimmune diseases.
A study published in Environment International found that overweight children exposed to lead in utero and during their first weeks of life are at risk for poorer kidney function in adulthood. The research measured blood levels of lead during pregnancy and eGFR levels in children between 8-12 years old.
A national survey and cohort study found that patients are accepting and satisfied with robotic system evaluations, with 92.5% reporting satisfaction. Robotic systems are deemed useful for acquiring vital signs, conducting testing, and supporting placement of intravenous catheters.
A Japanese study found that areas with heavy snowfall see a significant decline in cyclist injuries and total injuries among pedestrians. This modal shift may offer a broader solution for road safety.
Researchers at the University of Leicester are developing a new approach using virtual clinical trials to predict patient responses and optimize therapy efficacy for lung diseases. This innovative approach has the potential to reduce costs and speed up the development process by identifying which drugs are most likely to succeed.
A national center will be established at George Mason University to address a shortage of medical examiners and coroners. The new center aims to provide training, resources, and support to improve the death investigation process nationwide.
To achieve its goal, Switzerland must double its photovoltaic capacity every decade, with power from wind, hydrogen fuel cells, and imports also contributing. Electric vehicles and heat pumps will become crucial, while energy savings through building renovation are essential for meeting the target.
A review proposes eight hallmarks of environmental exposures that contribute to disease, including oxidative stress, genomic alterations, and endocrine disruption. Research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms by which pollutants affect human biology.
Researchers from Kanazawa University developed a new computerized cognitive test that can accurately screen for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in under 5 minutes. The test, called the C-ABC, has been shown to be effective in distinguishing normal cognition from MCI and dementia using scores from just two questions.
Researchers have obtained full-depth glacial meltwater observations in winter using instruments attached to tagged seals near the Pine Island Glacier. The study found a highly variable meltwater distribution with two meltwater-rich layers connected by scattered columns, which may change the melting rate of fragile ice shelves.
Researchers found a strong correlation between stream conditions and human demographics, particularly along racial lines. Stream quality is linked to mortality rates and cancer rates, highlighting the need for environmental justice. Understanding how people interact with nature is crucial to drawing conclusions about health outcomes.
The ACTIV-3 clinical trial has closed enrollment in two sub-studies, one examining the monoclonal antibody therapy VIR-7831 and another evaluating the combination therapy BRII-196 and BRII-198. The trials were halted due to futility, with no safety concerns reported.
Researchers develop dynamic and intelligent solution to detect malware in Android apps without rooting devices or breaching privacy. The system achieves high accuracy in sensitive behavior detection, promising enhanced smartphone security.
Researchers analyze RHIC collision data to track transitions between nuclear phases, aiming to understand the universe's evolution and neutron star cores. The analysis reveals tantalizing signs of turbulence, hinting at a possible 'critical point' where quarks and gluons transform from one phase to another.
The American Educational Research Association's (AERA) annual meeting will showcase innovative scholarship in education research. Attendees can engage with leading thinkers, explore high-quality education research, and connect with policymakers and practitioners.
Researchers at BESSY II discover that low-intensity blue light can alter the properties of MoS2 layers, making them metallic and catalytically active. This finding could enable the production of hydrogen as an energy carrier with no CO2 emissions.
A study found that multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains are spreading between pigs, farmworkers, and community residents in North Carolina, raising concerns about a potential emerging public health threat. The strains were closely related and carried genes conferring resistance to multiple antibiotics.
A recent UNLV study reveals that older communication technologies like phone calls and emails are more effective at reducing pandemic-related loneliness and stress than newer options like video chats and social media. In contrast, video gaming and online interactions actually increased feelings of isolation and anxiety.
This study found that high levels of social support for mothers of patients with eating disorders are associated with lower scores for loneliness and depression. However, there was no significant impact on patient symptoms. The findings suggest that social support can help prevent caregiver depression and loneliness in this population.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine have successfully reprogrammed NG2 glial cells into functional neurons, potentially leading to improved recovery after spinal cord injuries. This breakthrough discovery has the potential to be translated into a clinically relevant repair strategy.
The Northern California kelp forest ecosystem has collapsed due to an abrupt loss of a key predator, the sunflower sea star, which was wiped out by sea star wasting disease. The area covered by kelp forests has dropped by over 95%, with only isolated patches remaining.
A study analyzing over 7,000 tweets from four European public broadcasters found that sports information on social media is dominated by men's football, leaving out women's sports and minority disciplines. The study also highlights a lack of diversity in terms of gender and disability representation.
A new study reveals that humans use 30% to 50% less water per day than chimpanzees and gorillas. This finding suggests an ancient shift in the human body's ability to conserve water, enabling early humans to venture farther from streams in search of food.
Scientists discovered a way to reprogram scar-forming cells in mouse spinal cords to produce new nerve cells, improving recovery after spinal cord injury. The breakthrough could lead to the development of safe and effective treatments for the hundreds of thousands of people worldwide who suffer from spinal cord injuries.
Researchers developed an AI model that uses ECG data to predict atrial fibrillation and AF-related stroke risk. The model identified high-risk patients with 62% accuracy, allowing for earlier intervention.
Research reveals that legal wildlife trade averages $220 billion per year, but lacks adequate traceability, leading to unnoticed over-exploitation of common species. The study suggests refining the HS Code system to improve tracking of wildlife trade and protect biodiversity.