A new study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found that Medicaid expansion did not significantly improve receipt of definitive treatment and timeliness of care for cancer patients treated at minority-serving hospitals. Despite increased access to insurance, these hospitals continued to face significant disparities in care.
A new study finds that model biases in simulating tropical climate trends can significantly impact projections of extreme El Niô frequency change. By removing the impacts of these biases, researchers conclude that the extreme El Niô frequency is likely to remain unchanged in the future, contrary to original projections.
The world's largest and most powerful space science telescope, NASA's James Webb Space Telescope, has completed a key milestone with the fully expanded and locked primary mirror.
Parasites produce gametes through a unique cell division process that differs from traditional biology. This discovery sheds light on the evolution of sexual reproduction in microbes and its potential impact on disease-causing strains.
A new study found reduced gray matter volume in Covid-19 patients' frontal-temporal network associated with higher disability levels and fever. Gray matter changes may underlie mood disturbances in Covid-19 patients.
Smaller, solo practices that made operational changes, such as training medical assistants for accurate blood pressure readings, saw substantial improvements. Practice facilitation was crucial, with larger practices requiring more facilitation to achieve meaningful gains.
A personalized anti-cancer vaccine using peptides and oncolytic viruses has shown efficacy in mice, with the ability to target specific mutations in cancer cells. The approach differs from existing clinical trials, which do not use oncolytic viruses as adjuvants.
Researchers are exploring SARS-COV-2 proteins as potential therapeutic targets for COVID-19. The review highlights the viral proteins' role in replication, structure, and interaction with host cells.
A study of 3,744 hospitalized adult COVID-19 patients found that 82% developed neurological symptoms, with acute encephalopathy being the most common. Patients with preexisting neurological conditions or symptoms are at a higher risk of developing COVID-19-related complications.
A new study from the University of Portsmouth highlights the attractive trading advantages offered by freeports but also raises concerns about their potential misuse for money-laundering and tax-evasion purposes. The researchers advocate for stronger regulation to prevent these zones from being exploited.
A recent study by GEOMAR scientists has provided a comprehensive understanding of the northern Chilean subduction zone, shedding light on the relationship between earthquakes and tsunamis. The data set, obtained through a unique deployment of ocean-bottom seismometers, revealed that aftershocks were located both beneath and above the p...
A Dartmouth Engineering study finds that incorporating renewable energy into the American Electric Power System would boost the grid's ability to withstand attacks and maintain its resilience. The researchers used a novel method called hetero-functional graph theory to analyze over 175,000 energy resources in the US.
Researchers at McGill University found that brain signals constantly adapt to synchronize visual and auditory inputs, using temporal recalibration to adjust our sense of time. This dynamic process enables us to perceive sounds and images as simultaneous, despite the different physical velocities and neural processing speeds.
A quadruped robot platform reproduces neuromuscular dynamics of animals, discovering a reflex circuit generating steady gait in walking cats. The reciprocal excitatory reflex between hip and knee extensors is found to produce leg trajectories and a steady gait pattern.
A new report recommends implementing the 'Safe System' approach to reduce road deaths and injuries, which has been successful in other countries. The approach prioritizes road design and engineering to minimize mistakes and reduce crash forces.
A study found that people's level of persuasion is not directly affected by the number of views a YouTube video has. Rather, viewers' perception of the message as truthful and believable is key. Participants rated messages as more persuasive when they felt they were believable and trustworthy.
A study by UPF researchers finds that households with financial difficulties experience tension between social context and inherited values. Women's satisfaction is linked to their position within the private sphere, while men's satisfaction depends on their individual contribution to the family budget.
A new form of gene therapy has successfully treated 48 out of 50 children born with a rare and deadly inherited disorder. The treatment, developed by an international team, involves delivering a corrected copy of the ADA gene into stem cells, which are then returned to the child's body to produce healthy immune cells.
Lancaster physicists create novel method using nanoscience to detect individual quantum vortices in superfluid helium, revealing simpler dynamics than classical turbulence. This breakthrough could provide clues on solving the Navier-Stokes Equations, governing fluid flow.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute have identified a group of glucosinolate-specific transporters in the horseradish flea beetle's excretory system, enabling it to accumulate high amounts of plant toxins for defense. This mechanism allows the beetle to turn itself into a 'mustard oil bomb' and deter predators.
Researchers from King's College London identify risk factors for poor mental health following COVID-19, focusing on areas of socio-economic deprivation and trauma. The study highlights the need for targeted support interventions in these areas to mitigate mental health consequences.
A recent study by researchers at the University of Hong Kong and Lingnan University found that wealth inequality is the key driver of global wildlife trade. Wealthier countries are responsible for the majority of the world's demand, with top importers including the US, France, and Italy.
A team of Oregon State University scientists discovered a new class of anti-cancer compounds, SMAhRTs, that activate AhR signaling and kill liver and breast cancer cells. These compounds provide exciting new leads for drug development, targeting the AhR pathway to induce anti-cancer effects.
A component of bacteria's cell walls, cardiolipin, may hold the key to fighting antibiotic-resistant microbes. Without it, the outer membrane becomes penetrable, making bacteria vulnerable to antibiotics.
A study by Russell et al found that personal factors influence desired scope of practice in family medicine, while workplace, environmental, and population factors impact actual scope. Supportive factors for a broader scope include training, mentorship, organizational leadership, and team-based care.
A new LifeLab programme, led by the University of Southampton, has been shown to significantly increase young people's understanding of healthy lifestyles. Participants judged their own lifestyles more critically after the programme, suggesting a lasting impact on health literacy.
Infants and children with ADA-SCID, a life-threatening inherited immunodeficiency disorder, have regained immune system function after receiving gene therapy. The treatment involves inserting a normal copy of the ADA gene into blood-forming stem cells, offering a one-time procedure with long-term benefits.
The study identifies Knl1 as a constitutive component of the central kinetochore protein in plants, playing an essential role in chromosomal congregation and segregation during mitosis. Deficiencies in Knl1 are linked to defective kernel development.
A study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine found that social isolation has a profound impact on physical functioning in older adults. Socially integrated older adults are more likely to engage in physical activity and experience improvements in their physical functioning. The study highlights the importance of inc...
A study found patient satisfaction scores differed significantly among patients with different types of insurance coverage, with Medicare scoring the highest and Medicaid the lowest. The researchers call for further studies to explore the underlying reasons for this payor-specific bias.
Researchers created a bioengineering approach for functional muscle regeneration by combining biochemical signals and topographical cues. The technique improved muscle function restoration in injured rats, with over 80% recovery rate, and integrated well with neural and vascular systems.
Researchers at Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology have developed a model to understand the brain mechanisms behind video game addiction. They found that games can be designed to promote healthy engagement, while also addressing addictive behavior.
Researchers are developing a method to convert astrocytes into neurons using the NeuroD1 gene, aiming to restore connections in the brain and spinal cord after an injury. The goal is to promote functional recovery for patients with spinal cord injuries, brain injuries, Alzheimer's, and other neurodegenerative diseases.
A study in mice reveals genes and metabolic processes that could aid or hinder recovery after a heart attack, with potential targets for treatments. The research used systems biology approaches to analyze gene activity across multiple tissues, identifying common and tissue-specific responses.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have developed an active molecule (SNV) that can significantly suppress both inflammation and bone destruction around dental and orthopedic implants. The new technology has the potential to help people with implant failures, gum recession, or loose teeth due to periodontal disease.
Researchers from the University of Melbourne have identified four specific types of cytokines that cause severe inflammation during influenza virus infection. This allows clinicians to predict whether a patient will become severely ill with influenza, enabling early interventions and improved outcomes.
A portable, non-invasive bioluminescence imaging device has been developed to monitor biological processes in animals and humans. The technology uses a biochemical reaction between an enzyme and oxygen to produce light, allowing for minimally invasive diagnostics and potentially reducing the need for expensive tests.
A new ancient shark species, Durnonovariaodus maiseyi, has been identified from a 150 million-year-old fossil found in the Kimmeridge Clay Formation of England. The discovery provides valuable insights into the evolution and diversity of hybodontiform sharks, which were closely related to modern sharks.
Researchers from Carnegie Mellon University developed Segcache, a system that improves cache efficiency by up to 60% by grouping similar items and removing expired ones. The system was tested on Twitter's production system and has been incorporated into its infrastructure.
Scientists have discovered that hydroxyapatite, a mineral present in human bones, can efficiently decompose hazardous organic compounds when activated using mechanical stress. This breakthrough could lead to the development of cheap, noble-metal-free catalysts for controlling volatile organic compounds.
A recent study found that inhibiting key enzyme GSK3-beta with varying doses of CHIR 99021 promotes or constrains brain cell growth in minibrains, shedding light on its role in natural brain development. Low doses enhance proliferation and migration, while high doses limit growth and neuronal differentiation.
The study determines that the ALT rotational transformation accurately describes the relativistic effects in rotating frames, revealing a fundamental framework for spacetime. The results confirm length contraction and time dilation within an absolute simultaneity framework.
Research at Karolinska Institutet suggests a link between psychosis and a genetic change affecting the brain's immune system, potentially impacting the development of modern medicines. Psychosis affects approximately 2-3% of the population, with increased life expectancy for those with schizophrenia.
The COVID-19 pandemic's restrictions both spurred motivation and supported participation in an online weight management program, yet had a negative impact on mood and behaviors. Participants attributed lockdowns to weight gain and found the pandemic motivated them to lose weight, but also reported decreased social support.
Researchers have shed light on early bacterial evolution by integrating vertical and horizontal gene transmission, revealing that a tree is still an apt representation of bacterial evolution. On average, genes travel vertically two-thirds of the time, suggesting a tree-like structure.
Researchers found that plants on the opposite side of a road received significantly less pollen than those on the same side, with effects varying by road size and bee species. The study suggests modifying existing pedestrian overpasses to include planter boxes could help facilitate pollinator movement.
A comprehensive new study reveals that chronic pain is on the rise across all adult demographics, with pain increasing in every age group and demographic. The research suggests that physical health conditions, distress, and alcohol use are closely associated with chronic pain trends.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have developed a new hydrogel material that prevents infections in wounds, effective against all types of bacteria, including antibiotic-resistant ones. The material uses antimicrobial peptides and is promising for combating global health threats.
Researchers found that internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy can be as effective as conventional CBT in reducing OCD symptoms in children and adolescents. The study showed that stepped digital CBT reduced symptoms as much as conventional CBT and required fewer resources.
Scientists from the University of Pittsburgh and University of Rochester aim to improve seawater-to-fuel technology by refining a crucial step in the process. The researchers seek to design catalysts that can efficiently convert carbon dioxide into usable fuels, making the process more energy efficient and safer.
A recent study found that reduced food intake in roundworms can have a detrimental effect on three generations of offspring, particularly when they have access to unlimited food. The researchers also discovered that fasting can be costly for descendants and this effect may last for generations.
Researchers analyzed blood samples from 41 COVID-19 patients to understand which antibodies best combat the virus. The study found that antibody isotypes binding to the S protein were highly specific and correlated with virus neutralizing activity.
A new method using quantum mechanics increases energy transfer in organic solar cells, allowing for simpler structure and improved durability. This discovery has the potential to significantly increase the efficiency and reduce the cost of producing organic solar cells.
A new study published in JAMA Network Open found that patients with heart disease are less likely to receive cholesterol-lowering statin prescriptions later in the day, particularly after 12 pm. The odds of prescription decreased progressively throughout the morning and remained low throughout the afternoon.
Moffitt researchers found that inhibiting TIM-3 enhances immune cell activity and prevents tumor growth in mice. The study suggests targeting TIM-3 to activate the STING pathway in dendritic cells as a potential therapy for certain types of cancer.
The new report presents a roadmap to achieving equity, inclusion, and belonging among cardiovascular professionals, calling for continual assessment of professional culture and climate. It also proposes continuous trainings to address individual, structural, and systemic racism and sexism.
A network meta-analysis of 58 randomized controlled trials involving 9,301 patients found that psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy were significantly more effective than care-as-usual or waitlist control. Combined treatment, particularly cognitive behavioral therapy, was better than either treatment alone.
Research by Abigail Stewart and colleagues found that secondary school children in the UK consumed more free sugars outside of school hours, with a lower intake during snacking periods. The study suggests that environmental or physical factors at home may increase sugar consumption, contrary to expectations.
A cluster-randomized controlled trial found that individuals with type 2 diabetes who received primary care-based oral health support experienced a significant increase in self-reported oral health quality of life. The study's authors conclude that patients with diabetes can benefit from extra attention to oral health, highlighting the...
Researchers studied the 426-kilometer-long Aqueduct of Valens and found that it was cleaned of carbonate deposits just a few decades before abandonment. The double-construction system over 50 kilometers likely enabled constant operation for maintenance, highlighting the ingenuity of ancient engineers.