Researchers at MIT developed a new way to grow pancreatic organoids using synthetic gel, allowing for study of interactions between tumors and environment. The gel can also be used to grow other types of tissue, including intestinal and endometrial tissue.
Researchers found a way to potentially enhance material properties for next-generation electronics by confining electron and ion transport in a patterned thin film. Confinement caused electrons to interfere with each other, increasing the oxide's conductivity.
The UMass Amherst Reich Lab, led by biostatistician Nicholas Reich, will continue to advance real-time forecasting methods during infectious disease outbreaks thanks to a five-year NIH grant renewal. The lab's flu forecasting collaborative has been designated as one of two national Influenza Forecasting Centers of Excellence.
Researchers developed an experimental device to improve blood sugar control in HI patients. The bihormonal bionic pancreas (BHBP) helps maintain stable glucose levels without human error in calculating doses.
Research reveals that air pollution exposure during pregnancy can have a lasting impact on children's health and development. Studies show a link between prenatal exposure to fine and ultrafine particulate matter and adverse outcomes such as low birth weight, asthma, cognitive and behavioral issues, obesity, and diabetes.
A new surgical procedure called Kareem's procedure has been introduced to treat congenital intestinal malrotation, a condition where the intestines twist, causing serious complications. The study shows favorable outcomes in patients with intact gut and disabling symptoms, with significant improvement in digestive symptoms after surgery.
Researchers developed a new tool to analyze large superconducting circuits, allowing for the extraction of quantitative information previously inaccessible. The method uses a variational tight-binding approach to simulate circuit behavior, paving the way for further advancements in quantum computing.
Researchers generate circularly polarized light at room temperature, a breakthrough for optical quantum information processing. The device uses strained semiconductors to produce twisting 'chiral' valley-polarized light, promising vast data storage capabilities.
Elizabeth Freeman's project aims to aid management and conservation of critically endangered black rhinoceros through genetic analyses. The study will strengthen zoo management by facilitating strategies to save the species from extinction, with data also informing understanding of environmental responses.
Research suggests that climate-caused disruptions to the jet stream's position and intensity could lead to severe weather-related consequences. The study's findings imply that continued warming could cause significant deviations from the norm, rendering the jet stream drastically different within a matter of decades.
Researchers create AstroCrete, a strong concrete-like material using human serum albumin and urea-based binders, suitable for Martian construction. The material's compressive strength can be up to 40 MPa, making it a potential solution for in-situ resource utilization.
Researchers led by Joan Kang Shin will deliver a global online course on teaching English to young learners, impacting teachers and children worldwide. The project aims to improve the teaching of English as an additional language to children globally.
The Center for Research on Programmable Plant Systems (CROPPS) will develop technologies connected to the internet and cloud to listen to and learn how plants sense and respond to their environments. This two-way communication system aims to help scientists improve crop management by better understanding plant biology.
A new study suggests that age does not negatively impact on survival benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors in elderly patients with stage IV NSCLC. Patients aged 75 and older showed a significant survival benefit from ICIs compared to younger patients.
Astronomers predict a supernova, dubbed Supernova Requiem, will reappear in the sky around 2037. The rebroadcast is expected to be visible through advanced telescopes, providing an opportunity for scientists to study its behavior.
Research published in Hypertension Journal Report found that adults with normal blood pressure but high stress hormone levels are more likely to develop hypertension and experience cardiovascular events. The study, led by Kosuke Inoue, analyzed the relationship between stress hormones and cardiovascular disease risk, revealing a key fa...
A new biomimetic system mimics the body's own receptors for anesthetics, providing prolonged nerve blockade with minimal toxicity. The system consists of nanostructures that bind to tetrodotoxin and slowly release it, allowing for long-lasting pain relief without systemic toxicity.
Researchers have discovered 50 distinct breast cancer subtypes and nine 'ecotypes', each linked to different clinical outcomes, offering a potential framework for personalized treatments. The study's findings could inform therapy strategies and identify patients most likely to respond to specific treatments.
Linguists propose that reported speech, a common way people describe others' thoughts and statements, is the source of many grammatical categories. This new theory explains why similar meanings are found in languages worldwide.
A new observational study found that hospitalists who worked more days per year had higher patient mortality rates. The study examined 1.2 million Medicare patients and suggested that longer work hours may contribute to poorer outcomes.
A recent study of 1.5 million Israeli teens found that approximately 1% have lazy eye, with a decline in incidence over the past two decades. Socioeconomic factors and ultra-orthodox upbringing are linked to increased risk, while immigrants from certain countries have a higher prevalence
A study from Texas A&M University found that COVID-19 was the leading cause of maternal death, with a lethality rate higher than in the US. Maternal mortality also increased due to deaths related to hemorrhage and hypertension. The pandemic's impact on healthcare access and care quality highlighted the importance of timely prenatal care.
A new study explains how genetic islands can occur in marine molluscs by studying the limpet Nacella concinna. The researchers found that an entire generation of offspring descended from a limited number of parents and were carried by ocean currents to one location.
Clean geothermal power could become as important as fossil fuels, with new technologies and repurposed oil and gas expertise crucial to its development. Industry leaders emphasize the need for collaboration between geothermal and oil and gas professionals.
A study published in the British Journal of Ophthalmology found that age-related macular degeneration, cataract, and diabetes-related eye disease are independently associated with an increased risk of dementia. In contrast, glaucoma was not linked to Alzheimer's disease but was associated with a higher risk of vascular dementia.
A recent study found that the Himalaya region is experiencing an increase in compound hazards, where multiple hazards interact with destructive consequences. Over 49% of the population lives in high-risk areas susceptible to floods, landslides, and wildfires.
Children use a specific word to remind robots to speak quickly, but not with parents or strangers, showing sophisticated social awareness. In everyday life, most children stop using the word after a short period.
Researchers used gravitational lensing to observe the same exploding star in three different locations and predict a fourth image will appear in the sky by 2037. This study provides an opportunity to explore the expansion of our universe and sheds light on cosmological riddles, including the expansion rate.
According to a survey, nearly two-thirds of thoracic oncologists adopted telehealth tools for the first time during the pandemic. The top advantages were continuity of care and maintaining patient contact, while barriers included lack of resources and regulatory limitations.
Research presented at the IASLC 2021 World Conference on Lung Cancer found that neoadjuvant cisplatin and pemetrexed plus atezolizumab followed by surgical resection and maintenance atezolizumab met safety criteria for patients with resectable pleural mesothelioma. Sixty percent of eligible patients proceeded to maintenance therapy.
A new study reveals the emergence of magnetism in a 2D organic material due to strong electron-electron interactions in its unique star-like atomic-scale structure. The findings have potential applications in next-generation electronics based on organic nanomaterials.
New research highlights the need for adequate communication and support for children of cancer patients. Children can experience anxiety, depression, and behavioral changes due to parental illness, yet many parents struggle to address these issues on their own.
A meta-analysis of the UKLS trial and nine previous trials found that low-dose CT (LDCT) screening for lung cancer reduces mortality by 16%, with a stronger benefit seen in the three to six years after randomization. This evidence supports the implementation of long-term lung cancer screening programs internationally.
A study of 2,804 patients found significant variability in access to care for malignant pleural mesothelioma treatment. Patients who underwent surgery had better survival outcomes, with a positive association between multimodality treatment and income levels.
Pharmaceutical companies in the Open Pharma collaboration recommend developing plain language summaries of peer-reviewed medical research articles. The summaries should be understandable, unbiased, non-promotional, and easily accessible. This move aims to make medical publishing more open and inclusive for all audiences.
A Korean research team has observed a long-lasting non-equilibrium phase coexistence in supercritical fluids, lasting several hours. The phenomenon is explained by a mass transport model at the phase coexistence interface, where nano-sized clusters facilitate transport.
Researchers found that Atf1 and Rst2 transcription factors reciprocally bind to DNA in fission yeast cells responding to glucose scarcity. This unique mechanism prevents both proteins from binding alone and integrates independent activation pathways.
The UK Lung Screening Trial (UKLS) found a significant reduction in lung cancer mortality among high-risk groups through low-dose CT screening. The study, which included over 4,000 participants, showed a 16% relative reduction in lung cancer deaths.
A recent study found that patients with lung cancer are more likely to feel anxious and experience treatment delays due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The research, which analyzed data from 548 patients in Mexico, also discovered that depression and stress were associated with longer delays in treatment.
Researchers used electricity market data to estimate short-run economic impact of COVID-19 in Europe, finding countries with severe outbreaks faced harsher recessions. Early and coordinated containment policies reduced financial and mortality impacts.
The IASLC molecular subcommittee has accumulated molecular biomarker data to complement TNM-based prognostication in lung cancer. The dataset includes 64,434 cases from 2010-2019 and 14 countries, with EGFR being the most common biomarker.
Researchers have discovered a three-part catalyst configuration that transforms CO2 into ethanol through a well-tuned interplay between cesium, copper, and zinc oxide sites. The study provides a fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanism and will drive further research towards developing practical industrial catalysts.
A new RAND Corporation study models likely savings from legislative proposal to adopt reference pricing, which could reduce US spending on prescription drugs by at least half. The study found that caps on prices set at 120% of what is paid in six other nations could lower US spending on insulins and 50 top brand-name drugs by 52%, savi...
Researchers at Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona develop gene therapy that fully corrects severe whole-body alterations in Morquio A disease, a rare condition caused by GALNS enzyme deficiency. The therapy, administered via intravenous viral vector, prevents bone malformations and life-threatening complications.
Sandrine V. Pierre, a Marshall University researcher, has received a $1.36 million NIH grant to study the regulatory mechanism of salt handling by the kidney and its impact on cardiovascular function.
Researchers at Monash University have developed a new type of battery that can store more energy than traditional lithium-ion batteries. By adding sugar to the positive electrode, they were able to stabilize the battery and increase its lifespan by up to 1000 cycles.
Treatment with atezolizumab plus carboplatin and pemetrexed was safe and yielded promising brain progression-free survival rates of 60% in patients with nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer with untreated brain metastases. The combination also showed systemic responses in 47.5% of patients.
Three Lehigh University faculty members received federal grants to study reading interventions, supports for students with disabilities, and teachers of students with autism. The projects aim to improve reading growth for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center have identified a new antibacterial mechanism where immune cells cooperate to capture and 'eat' bacteria. This cooperation enhances the killing power of macrophages, increasing phagocytosis of bacterial pathogens, including antibiotic-resistant staph
A new study found that Medicaid expansion is associated with reductions in uninsurance and improvements in blood pressure and glucose control measurements. The benefits were highest among Black and Hispanic patients. Longer-term investments into quality care and care management are necessary to realize these health outcomes.
Firefighters who worked at the World Trade Center site after 9/11 are 13% more likely to develop cancer, particularly prostate and thyroid cancer. They were also diagnosed at a younger age, on average, with early-stage disease. The exact cause of this increased risk is unclear.
The study reveals that the yellow-legged gull's diet has shifted from a 70% marine contribution to 30%, with landfills and meat products now providing 50% of their food. The availability of these resources has triggered an increase in gull populations, leading to potential conflicts with humans.
A study found that many family members of patients with kidney failure on chronic dialysis lack a clear understanding of their end-of-life wishes. Despite having spoken with the patient about treatment preferences, fewer than one-third had discussed specific aspects of care, such as hospice or mechanical ventilation.
Researchers at UC San Diego are developing higher-resolution sensor grids with increased density to improve diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy. The team plans to test these grids in pigs before conducting clinical trials, aiming to provide surgeons with a clearer picture of brain regions triggering seizures.
Researchers found that predators play a crucial role in regulating small mammal populations, contradicting previous assumptions about the importance of herbivore-plant interactions. The study's unique Arctic vole ecosystem provided a simple model to test predator-prey dynamics, shedding light on population cycles and climate variability.
Researchers created a massive virtual universe, Uchuu, consisting of 2.1 trillion particles in a computational cube spanning 9.63 billion light-years. The simulation allows for the study of dark matter and large-scale structure on an unprecedented scale.
A University of Arizona-led study found that drought and seasonal fluctuations in rainfall are larger drivers of evolutionary diversity than warm temperatures. The research team created maps of evolutionary diversity across North, Central and South America, revealing that deserts have more plant species compared to forests due to drought.
A team of researchers from the Paul Scherrer Institute has discovered that the brachiopod shell can become extremely soft in water due to the absorption of liquid, allowing it to be folded without breaking. The transformation is reversible, and the shell returns to its hard state upon drying.
A study found that only about 2-2.5% of individuals with alcohol dependence in Sweden receive alcohol medication, highlighting unequal provision of treatment across sociodemographic factors and co-morbid conditions. The research suggests low knowledge among physicians and patients, as well as preference for psychological treatment over...
Researchers at NIH/NINDS built a detailed cellular map of chronic MS lesions, revealing gene activity patterns and interactions that could lead to new therapies. The study identified microglia and C1q as promising targets for progressive MS, potentially offering a way to halt disease progression.