Graphene structures exhibit unexpected speed-dependent friction when moved across a platinum surface, affecting the mechanical properties of the material. The frictional forces increase with the speed of the AFM tip due to elastic deformation at the ridges of Moiré superstructures.
Scientists have developed an AI method to pinpoint cells indicative of Alzheimer's disease based on DNA packing in mouse brain images, offering a potential early detection tool. This approach combines multi-scale imaging with artificial intelligence to identify biomarkers for aging-related diseases.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have shown that B cells can prevent intestinal healing by increasing in numbers after bowel damage. The study found that mice lacking B cells recovered more quickly after bowel damage than regular mice.
Researchers from University of Strathclyde's Institute of Photonics and Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering have made a significant breakthrough in LiFi technology. Their paper introduced a new format of light-emitting diode device demonstrating high modulation bandwidth for optical wireless communications.
A team of researchers from Tohoku University successfully demonstrated a tin sulfide (SnS) interface exhibiting large band bending, which is necessary for obtaining a higher open-circuit voltage. This breakthrough could lead to the development of highly efficient thin-film solar cells with environmentally friendly credentials.
Researchers developed an efficient engineered pathogen capture method to quickly identify infectious microbes in tiny blood samples. This advanced technology could significantly improve clinical outcomes for children with bloodstream infections and sepsis.
The University of Oklahoma is part of a national consortium for inclusive learning, which aims to support and incentivize teaching practices that increase student success outcomes in STEM fields. The OU project team will develop and disseminate tools and resources to support introductory STEM classroom practices.
The American Psychiatric Association's December journal issues explore new therapeutic approaches involving psychopharmacology, digital technology, and fMRI neurofeedback. The APA also highlights its vision to ensure access to quality psychiatric diagnosis and treatment.
A new review paper discusses the role of CDK4 in regulating the cell cycle and its involvement in cancer. The study highlights the importance of CDK4/6 inhibitors as treatments for ER+ breast cancer and their potential utility in multiple tumor types.
A recent study found that exposing Republicans to information about a common enemy increases their distrust of Democrats, while Democrats show little change. The research suggests that real-world threats can exacerbate partisanship.
Researchers at Scripps Research, IAVI, Fred Hutch, and VRC publish study data in Science, revealing a stepwise approach to producing antibodies capable of targeting wide range of HIV variants. The Phase 1 trial shows favorable safety profile and induces targeted response in 97% of vaccinated individuals.
Researchers developed a biosensor using 'zero-dimensional' quantum dots and gold nanospheres to boost the accuracy of home-based continuous glucose monitoring. This enhances the sensitivity of electrochemical glucose sensors, making them suitable for everyday use.
A new fossil discovery in a London storeroom has revealed that modern lizards originated in the Late Triassic period, 35 million years earlier than previously thought. The fossil, Cryptovaranoides microlanius, is a relative of living lizards and snakes, and its characteristics impact estimates of lizard evolution and diversification.
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz has been awarded funding for three Collaborative Research Centers in the life sciences, including CRC 1551 and CRC/Transregio 355. The centers will focus on investigating polymer concepts in cellular function and heterogeneity of regulatory T cells in distinct microenvironments.
Researchers found that small pelagic fish such as herring and sardines are the cheapest nutritious fish in 72% of low- and middle-income countries. These fish can help close nutrient gaps, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where deficiencies are rising.
The Psychological Science Accelerator has developed a unique approach to raise scientific standards, ensuring diverse and democratic research. The award recognizes efforts to improve research quality, increase efficiency, and strengthen trust in science.
A new study found that up to 11% of hospitalized COVID patients have fibrotic patterning in their lungs after recovery, which can lead to breathing difficulties and decreased life expectancy. The study suggests that these patients require close follow-up care, including repeat radiological imaging and lung function testing.
A new MIT study suggests that prioritizing polluting power plants in times of wind energy generation could quadruple the health benefits associated with wind power, resulting in $8.4 billion in nationwide health benefits. However, this approach would not address existing disparities in air pollution exposure among low-income and minori...
Exposure to traffic-related air pollution linked to an increased risk of having two or more physical and mental health conditions. Participants exposed to higher concentrations of fine particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide had a greater risk of developing multiple long-term health conditions.
A new UC San Francisco study found that financial stress during pregnancy accelerates cellular aging in white children but not black children. Researchers followed 110 white and 112 black women from age 10 to 40 and their first child to understand the impact of maternal stress on health outcomes.
Chinese astronomers have discovered that optical variability in emission-line galaxies (ELGs) is likely caused by star-formation activity rather than supermassive black holes. By analyzing images of ELGs from the COSMOS field, researchers found less than 3% show significant variability.
A study published in Science Advances shows that tPBM can improve working memory in people with conditions like ADHD. The therapy, applied to the right prefrontal cortex, showed significant improvements in memory performance and brain activity.
Scientists have discovered that breaking symmetries in nanophotonic materials can control thermal emission, enabling narrowband, directional, or polarized emissions. This can improve the efficiency of energy conversion and harvesting applications by exploiting the magneto-optical effect and spatiotemporal modulation.
University of Central Florida researchers have discovered a method that uses microwaves to melt lunar soil, coupled with beneficiation technology, may be the best option for building safe and economical lunar landing pads. This approach could increase microwave absorption by up to 80% using magnetic fields, making it more energy-effici...
Researchers used computer simulations to show that SARS-CoV-2 variants can attach to host cells in both bats and humans using their spike proteins. The study's findings suggest a significant risk of mammalian cross-species infectivity, contradicting initial expectations of reduced transmission.
A new study published in Nature Scientific Reports shows that playing the piano for just one hour a week can improve audio-visual processing and reduce depression, stress, and anxiety. The study found significant improvements in multisensory information processing among adults with no prior musical experiences.
A study from the University of Colorado Cancer Center highlights the need for more data on pregnancy and targeted therapy in women with oncogene-driven lung cancer. The authors share their experience with pregnancies and surrogacy, emphasizing the importance of informed decision-making.
Engineers at Duke University developed a device that separates and sorts tiny biological nanoparticles from blood using 'virtual pillars' created by sound waves. The technology, dubbed ANSWER, shows promise for diagnostics and treatments, with accuracy rates of up to 96%.
A new paper by researchers at the University of Birmingham argues that a 'one size fits all' approach to treating early psychosis may not be effective. Instead, they propose using machine learning techniques to deliver tailored treatment plans that address individual needs and improve outcomes.
The new CRC 1551 will study the polymer properties of DNA, RNA, and proteins to understand their interaction in cells. The researchers aim to describe and understand nonequilibrium processes in cells triggered by complex interplay of cellular polymers.
Researchers establish a relation between angular diversity and spatial footprint using a transmission matrix framework for wide-FOV metalenses. A thickness bound is determined based on diffraction-limited focusing quality, allowing for compact systems with enhanced imaging capabilities.
A novel technique using stable isotopes can accurately determine whether wood turtles are wild-caught or captive-bred, helping combat the illegal pet trade. The method was tested on 71 turtles and achieved a success rate of over 97%, providing conservation law enforcement officials with a valuable forensic tool.
Researchers discovered that microplastics can transform chromium metal into a more toxic form when attached to UV filters, potentially harming aquatic life. The study suggests that microplastics may not just accumulate contaminants, but also interact with them to increase environmental toxicity.
A study by the Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research found that cheetah marking trees serve as hotspots for communication among multiple mammalian species. These trees were visited more frequently by some species, such as black-backed jackals and warthogs, suggesting they gain important information from the scent marks. In co...
The Collaborative Research Center 1143 at TU Dresden has been granted a third funding period for its groundbreaking research in solid-state physics. The center aims to explore the relationship between correlated magnetism and topology, with potential applications in quantum information technology.
Researchers link loot box purchasing to problem gambling, with 28% of adults who bought loot boxes reporting past-year gambling. The study suggests that loot boxes may prime people to gamble and increase susceptibility to problem gambling.
Corals face an impaired ability to capture prey and a growing reliance on energy from symbiotic algae as oxygen levels decline. The study found that corals pay a heavy price for climate change, with a decline in reproductive processes and a increased dependence on the symbiosis of coral with its algae.
The Máxima Butterfly program offers 28 PhD positions in pediatric oncology, focusing on international collaboration and multidisciplinary exchange. Researchers will receive training from leading experts and gain access to innovative techniques and insights.
Researchers developed an asymmetric electrochemical radical functionalization method for alkenes and allylation, achieving high selectivity. The approach enables efficient organic synthesis, paving the way for exploring new chemical spaces.
The James Webb telescope has observed the intracluster light in galaxy clusters with unprecedented detail, revealing insights into galaxy formation and dark matter. The study demonstrates the potential of JWST for analyzing faint structures like ICL, which can help understand cluster dynamics.
The German Research Foundation renewed CRC 1361 for an additional four years to explore mechanisms of DNA repair and genome stability. The consortium aims to elucidate how cells safeguard genetic information and promote human health by understanding DNA damage signaling pathways.
Zinc batteries have a lower fire risk than lithium-ion batteries but need significant improvements in performance to deliver on their promise. Researchers identify key areas for improvement, including anode modification and electrolyte optimization.
A research team at Tohoku University developed a batteryless device that can detect COVID-19 particles in the air using magnetostrictive composite plates. The device operates without batteries and transmits signals wirelessly, making it suitable for integration with IoT technologies.
Researchers have developed a polymeric carrier for mRNA vaccines that reduces inflammation and maintains efficiency, potentially offering better cancer treatment options. The new carrier, tested in preclinical studies, shows promise for low-side-effect cancer therapy.
A research group from Tokyo Institute of Technology demonstrated the Kibble-Zurek mechanism for nonequilibrium phase transitions in a driven vortex system. The team observed lattice defects spontaneously appearing and scaling with quench rates, consistent with the mechanism.
A research group developed an in-sensor reservoir computing system for latent fingerprint recognition, achieving 100% recognition accuracy even with 15% background noise. The system uses deep ultraviolet photo-synapses and a memristor array to process information in parallel, reducing latency and increasing efficiency.
The German Research Foundation has approved a new Collaborative Research Center at the University Medical Center Mainz, exploring regulatory T cells in immune-related and tissue-specific diseases. The project aims to develop tailored immunotherapies using Treg cells, which could lead to breakthroughs in patient care.
Researchers at UT Austin developed a graphene-based e-tattoo that tracks electrodermal activity on the palm, enabling unobstructive ambulatory sensing. This technology reduces social stigma and provides accurate readings, addressing limitations of current bulky devices.
A study found that more biosimilars have been marketed in Germany and Switzerland than in the US. Policies promoting competition could lower healthcare costs by increasing access to these cheaper alternatives.
Researchers at Aarhus University found a link between lipid kinase VPS34 and viral protection in the kidneys. The study used multiomics analysis to show that blocking lipid kinase could reduce viral entry and increase nutrient retention, offering potential new treatments for kidney diseases and infections.
The employment-to-population ratio for people with disabilities increased from 35.5% to 36.5% in November, up 2.8%, while it decreased slightly for those without disabilities. The labor force participation rate also rose for people with disabilities, indicating more are succeeding in finding jobs.
An online reporting system facilitated identification of unprofessional behaviors toward trainees and increased awareness of the medical center's commitment to creating a safe learning environment. The study highlights the importance of proactive measures in preventing mistreatment and promoting a culture of respect and professionalism.
A study by Harvard Medical School found that women and men receive different advice on preventing heart disease, with women advised to lose weight, exercise, and improve their diet while men are prescribed statins. This discrepancy highlights the need for greater awareness among health professionals.
A new Columbia University study has found that breast implants after mastectomy are associated with an extremely low risk of developing a rare cancer called anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL). According to the study, only five cases of ALCL were diagnosed among 57,000 women who had undergone reconstructive surgery over 421,000 years...
Researchers at the University of Bern have developed a new method to determine necessary emission reductions on a continuous basis. The AERA algorithm adjusts CO2 emissions according to latest temperature data, enabling more precise calculations.
Chronic stress alters neuronal structure and function in the brain, leading to anxiety disorders. Researchers identified a potential mechanism underlying this change by studying glucocorticoid receptors in mice.
Direct observation of magnetic reconnection in the solar wind reveals a common bursty state, leading to plasma acceleration and heating. Turbulent reconnection increases with solar wind speed, highlighting its role in energizing plasmas.
Researchers developed a new protective layer to stabilize Zn anode in aqueous Zn-ion batteries, improving cycling performance and lifespan. The NTP-C coated Zn electrode exhibits high corrosion potential, low nucleation overpotential, and stable cycling performance.
Researchers at Klick Applied Sciences have created a machine learning model to predict diabetes onset in patients using just 12 hours of data from continuous glucose monitors. The study showed high accuracy in identifying prediabetes, healthy patients, and those with Type 2 diabetes, offering a potential tool for early disease prevention.
Research reveals that brain function networks are affected differently by aging, gender, and blood immune factors. The study found correlations between cytokine clock, brain shrinkage, and gender, with females having a faster ticking cytokine clock.