A large study of British adults found that having two or more chronic conditions in middle age increases the risk of dementia later in life. The study, published by The BMJ, highlights the importance of prevention and management of chronic diseases over adulthood to mitigate adverse outcomes.
A University of Ottawa review provides the first field-wide summary of how pesticide exposure affects social bee gut microbiotas. The study found that pesticides disturb microbial communities, leading to a loss of benefits and potential decline in bee health and performance.
A study found a significant correlation between hotel stays and exotic pest detections in New Zealand, suggesting that both international and domestic tourism can facilitate the spread of invasive species. The researchers emphasize the need for continued biosecurity measures to manage these risks.
A study by Cornell University researchers found that white men who have faced disadvantages at work, particularly those related to social identities such as disability or sexual orientation, are more likely to acknowledge their own racial privileges and empathize with the experiences of other groups. The research involved 5,124 white m...
Researchers have created a new rubber-like solid substance with surprising qualities: it can absorb and release large quantities of energy. The material is programmable, thanks to its use of tiny magnets embedded in an elastic substance, enabling predictable phase transitions.
A Texas A&M University study reveals that indoor air quality in homes is often worse than in office buildings, with higher concentrations of fine particulate matter and volatile organic compounds. The research suggests that remote workers are exposed to poorer health outcomes due to inadequate home air quality.
A University of Maryland School of Medicine study finds that a common ADHD medication, lisdexamfetamine, reduces symptoms of a rare genetic movement disorder in children, including collapsing episodes and improvements in speech and concentration. The treatment may also shed light on the mechanisms behind other neuromuscular diseases.
Researchers used 3D mini-brain models to study the effects of three autism risk genes on neural formation and development. The study found that despite unique molecular mechanisms, the genes converged on affecting specific types of neurons, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for autism treatment.
A study led by Florida Atlantic University reveals a vast amount of microplastics in the entire water column of an offshore plastic accumulation zone, with small microplastics being critical and underexplored. The findings highlight the importance of understanding the impact of these tiny plastics on marine ecosystems.
A team led by Reshmi Parameswaran at University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center has developed a novel approach to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for B-cell cancers, which triples the targeted antigens on cancer cells. The new BAFF CART product is effective in killing multiple B-cell cancers with minimal side effects.
Researchers discovered multiple levels of torpor in hummingbirds, including shallow and deep states, as well as a transition stage between normal sleep and torpor. This flexible control allows hummingbirds to conserve energy while minimizing potential costs, such as increased vulnerability to disease or predation.
A new study by Yale Cancer Center researchers shows that inhibition of the CECR2 gene prevents triple-negative breast cancer from advancing or metastasizing. The discovery provides an early step in finding new therapeutics for this difficult-to-treat disease subtype.
Researchers at Harvard SEAS developed a new way to simulate tens of thousands of bubbles in foamy flows. This allows for predictive simulations in scales ranging from microfluidics to crashing waves, opening up possibilities for industrial applications such as food production and drug development.
A new Chinese Medical Journal study explores the risks of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) turning into liver cancer. Early detection through simple medication and lifestyle changes can prevent NAFLD from progressing to more severe conditions, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Scientists have found that animal chromosomes consist of nearly identical building blocks, which mix and combine to form diverse species. This discovery reveals a fundamental principle in evolution, allowing for predictions about genetic changes over time.
A new generation of cholesterol-lowering drugs is being developed to target the PCSK9 protein, which regulates LDL receptor degradation on cells. These therapies have shown promise in reducing LDL levels with fewer side effects than statins.
Researchers have developed a rapid and accurate breathalyzer test that can diagnose COVID-19 in under 5 minutes, identifying asymptomatic carriers. The handheld device uses surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensors to detect volatile organic compounds exhaled by infected individuals.
A study found that only 4% of hourly workers knew they were covered by a law requiring pay for short shifts, while supervisors often lacked awareness. The policy can substantially reduce earnings and increase instability for workers, particularly those in service occupations.
After California eliminated nonmedical exemptions, homeschooling rates increased among students in kindergarten through 8th grade. The study found a significant rise in homeschooling rates, indicating parents' concerns about vaccine mandates and school policies.
Researchers found evidence of high-intensity damage caused by asteroid impact in a Martian meteorite, challenging previous findings on early Mars habitability. The discovery provides new insights into dynamic processes that affected the young planet's surface.
The ACC cardiooncology course is designed to educate clinicians on improving awareness, identification, monitoring, and management of cardiovascular diseases in cancer patients. The course aims to help clinicians minimize cardiotoxicity from cancer therapies, leading to improved overall survival and quality of life for oncology patients.
A new study reveals that SARS-CoV-2 infection indirectly dials down the action of olfactory receptors in the nose, leading to persistent hyposmia and changes in how people perceive smells. The discovery may also explain lingering neurological effects of COVID-19 like brain fog, headaches, and depression.
A new study found that female adults who heavily used cannabis had a lower incidence of diabetes compared to those who did not use cannabis. In contrast, light cannabis use among females and male adults with any level or no cannabis use showed no association with diabetes diagnosis.
A strong association exists between COVID-19 deaths and obesity in Black, South Asian, and other ethnic minority groups. The risk of death increases with BMI levels, highlighting the need for tailored plans to protect these individuals.
A study by Pennington Biomedical Research Center found that black residents in Baton Rouge and New Orleans faced a twice-higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection than white residents. Communities with high household crowding, lower income, and disparities in education were also at higher risk.
Researchers reassess radon's accuracy for tracing natural radioactive atoms in flowing groundwater. A new study reveals that the equilibrium assumption used in previous measurements may be flawed, throwing doubt on radon transfer rates.
Researchers found that microbes in the soils generate methane gas, which is then processed as it moves through dead trees. The findings shed light on the sources of greenhouse gas emissions from ghost forests, a growing concern due to rising sea levels.
A new study reveals that South and Southeast Asia's native tree diversity is at risk of extinction, with only 10% of ranges suitable for conservation. Coordinated conservation and restoration efforts are critical to prevent further destruction and biodiversity loss.
A genetic study published at Queen Mary University of London found that individuals with higher genetic sensitivity benefit more from couple's therapy, particularly in the long-term. The researchers used genome-wide data to assess genetic sensitivity and found that it had a significant impact on marital satisfaction over time.
A genome study found significant variation in human ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes based on geographic ancestry, particularly in the 28S rRNA segment. This discovery suggests that these variants may be important for understanding cancer development and functionally assessing their impact on ribosome functions.
Researchers at the University of Göttingen found that virtual farm tours using virtual reality glasses and tablets can improve transparency in pig farming. Participants appreciated the comfortable and entertaining information intake, but suggested that additional explanations be provided to support virtual farm tours.
A recent study published in the Journal of Marketing found that decentralized onboarding programs can develop salespeople into higher performers by fostering a more innovative and adaptive approach. This approach is particularly beneficial for salespeople who require a greater degree of creativity and adaptability to succeed.
A new study reveals that bilateral oophorectomy may increase a woman's risk for dementia, with a 55% higher risk from age 65 years onward compared to men. Estrogen levels are suspected to play a key role in this association.
A new study published in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior reveals that unique strengths and facilitators within American Indian and Alaska Native communities can help reduce food insecurity. The study found that cultural values such as sharing and supporting one another can improve healthy food access for older adults.
A new review by the International Osteoporosis Foundation highlights the importance of comprehensive post-fracture care, including exercise, nutrition, physiotherapy, and patient education. The study concludes that individualized exercise approaches can improve recovery and reduce future fracture risk.
The Stanford-Lancet report highlights the devastating impact of the opioid crisis on US and Canadian citizens, with over 600,000 deaths since 1999. The commission proposes far-reaching reforms to address addiction and overdose deaths, including medical education, healthcare, and pharmaceutical industry regulation.
A team of researchers at Baylor College of Medicine has developed a new approach to classify meningiomas into three biologically distinct groups, one of which is reliably malignant. This classification system, which integrates multiple molecular profiling approaches, provides better prognosis and reveals tumors that require more aggres...
Women with GAD exhibit abnormal interoception, perceiving intense heartbeats and lower neural activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. The study suggests a causal link between cardiovascular sensitivity and frontal cortex insensitivity, contributing to anxiety symptoms.
A new method quantifies sensor network quality, suggesting improvements to existing experiments including the search for Dark Matter and vector field measurements.
Researchers used energy dispersive diffraction to create high-resolution 3D maps of bioapatite arrangements within shark centra, revealing key structures and their functions. The study provides insights into the structure-function relationship of the shark skeleton and could be applied to other organisms.
A 22-year study in Tanzania found that children who slept under bed nets at an early age had a 40% higher survival rate compared to those who didn't. The study tracked over 6,700 children and provided unique insights into the long-term benefits of malaria control in young children.
A UC Davis Health study found that taking bile acids or treatments regulating their production levels can help control psoriasis inflammation. Bile acids inhibited skin inflammation by stopping immune T cells from producing proinflammatory protein IL-17A and blocking immune cell movement to the site.
A Japanese squirrel's feeding behavior on poisonous Amanita species has been observed, suggesting a potential mutualistic relationship. The study found that the spores of these fungi may survive being eaten and excreted by squirrels, facilitating their dispersal.
Researchers at the University of Bath have developed a novel chemical glucose sensing method based on boronic acids and graphene foam. The new technique can accurately detect lower glucose concentrations than current systems, making it ideal for chronic conditions like diabetes.
A team of scientists has discovered that the enzyme DNA topoisomerase VI plays a critical role in removing chromosome tangles in plants, which may lead to new antimalarial drug targets. The study provides unprecedented insight into the mechanism of action of this enzyme and its potential applications in plant breeding.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin developed a reliable COVID-19 forecasting system using hospital admissions data and cellphone mobility data. The system has been used by 22 municipal areas in Texas to manage healthcare resources and communicate pandemic risks.
In Bangladesh, cesarean sections have increased significantly from 3.88% in 2004 to 33% in 2017/18, but the disparity in access between wealthy and poorer women has grown. The study highlights the need for targeted interventions to address this issue.
A new study by Uppsala University researchers discovered that CRISPR-Cas9 can generate unexpected, heritable DNA mutations in zebrafish, highlighting the need for careful validation before using the method for medical purposes.
Ammonium toxicity triggers reactive oxygen species formation in plant roots, causing inhibited root elongation. A newly identified gene, PDX1.1, plays a crucial role in vitamin B6 biosynthesis, which neutralizes oxidative stress and protects roots from ammonium-induced damage.
The study demonstrated that photodynamic therapy (PDT) using chlorin e-6 can effectively reduce bacterial plaque biofilms containing cariogenic microorganisms, including Streptococcus mutans. The treatment eliminated S. mutans and decreased total microorganisms by up to 3.7 units, with approximately 99% efficacy of antimicrobial activity.
Research from the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study finds that prolonged cannabis use leads to over-inflated lungs and increased airway resistance, impairing oxygen extraction. This effect is distinct from tobacco use and may reflect early signs of a severe form of emphysema.
Researchers developed a neural network algorithm to predict art auction prices, relying on visual and non-visual characteristics of artworks. While human experts were more accurate, the algorithm showed promise in identifying market inefficiencies, such as auctioneer biases.
The COVID-19 pandemic has compounded pre-existing inequalities among refugee adolescents in Jordan, leading to increased stress and high rates of depression. The study highlights the need for targeted interventions to support these vulnerable populations.
Researchers found that soil pH and total cadmium are key factors controlling cadmium uptake in cacao beans. Liming soils can increase yield while reducing cadmium content, but access to lime may be limited for smallholder farmers.
A new study published in NEJM Evidence reveals that exercise and patient education can provide similar results as surgery for young people with meniscal tears. The research compared surgical and non-surgical treatment options among 121 young individuals and found no significant difference in outcomes between the two groups.
Research finds that pregnant individuals living in walkable neighborhoods in NYC have lower odds of excessive gestational weight gain compared to those living elsewhere. High poverty rates in these areas are associated with increased risks of excessive GWG.
Researchers at the Buck Institute discovered a naturally occurring metabolite, 25-hydroxycholesteral, that significantly reduces senescent cells in multiple cell types and improves muscle mass in aged mice. The molecule targets CRYAB, a small heat shock protein associated with age-related diseases like myopathies.
AI/AN communities enacted a swift and inclusive response to COVID-19 vaccination, prioritizing community and leveraging traditional assets. Vaccination rates among AI/AN populations were 14% higher than non-Hispanic White persons for first-dose vaccination.
An international team of scientists conducted the first experiment to explore magnetic monopoles using the Large Hadron Collider. They set reliable limits on the mass of magnetic monopoles and excluded their existence for lighter particles. The findings provide new constraints on the properties of possible magnetic monopoles.
A clinical trial published by The BMJ found ketamine to be a short-term effective treatment for some suicidal patients hospitalized for severe ideation. Patients with bipolar disorder showed significant improvement, while those with major depression or other mental illnesses did not.