The US healthcare system is failing to provide adequate care for traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors, experts warn. A recent report recommends using a comprehensive classification system that incorporates the Glasgow Coma Scale score, CT scans, and blood tests to better assess the severity of TBI.
UCSF cancer biologist Hani Goodarzi is recognized for his groundbreaking research on cancer metastasis and novel molecular players. His work has led to the discovery of a protein driving breast cancer metastasis and orphan noncoding RNAs in cancerous cells.
Researchers developed a single-use sensor strip that can detect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks, providing a rapid diagnostic tool for patients with brain and spinal cord injuries. The test uses antibodies specific to proteins found in human CSF, detecting leaks even when other substances are present.
Researchers have developed a machine learning framework called dynamo that can predict a cell's path over time, including its fate and genetic changes. The tool uses data from individual cells to create mathematical equations describing the cell's trajectory.
Researchers at Scripps Research have identified an experimental compound called IXA4 that activates a natural signaling pathway to protect against obesity-driven metabolic changes. This approach shows promise for preventing or treating type 2 diabetes.
Scientists at University College London have developed a novel cancer therapy using magnetic seeds guided by an MRI scanner to heat and destroy tumours. The therapy, called MINIMA, has the potential to precisely treat hard-to-reach cancers with minimal side effects.
For the first time, astronauts in orbit successfully controlled a robot on the ground using haptic feedback, simulating geological exploration missions. This breakthrough enables more complex investigations of planetary surfaces without human exposure to danger.
A moderate exercise programme was shown to improve chemotherapy success rates and reduce negative side effects in oesophageal cancer patients. The study found that exercise can be safely included as part of cancer treatment, potentially benefiting more patients.
A new study finds that weight loss is associated with a 46% reduced risk of developing colorectal adenoma. Adults who are initially overweight or obese may be able to reduce their risk by losing weight, while weight gain increases the chance of developing adenoma.
Climate change is causing plants in the UK to flower one month earlier, with average first flowering dates advancing by a full month since the mid-18th century. This phenomenon can lead to ecological mismatch, affecting biodiversity and ecosystems.
Scientists have discovered more than 130,000 new RNA viruses using a new computer tool that analyzed 5.7 million biological samples collected globally. The discovery represents a tenfold increase in the number of viral RNA species described to date.
Scientists found smaller, faster waves in the visual cortex that relate to how attentive the brain is. These wave patterns may help understand sleep, anesthesia, and attention by suppressing irrelevant information. The discovery could also improve artificial brains using machine learning techniques.
A research team from the University of Jena has made an important breakthrough in generating high-energy proton radiation using laser-plasma interaction. By precisely adjusting parameters such as foil thickness, laser focusing, and pulse duration, they have achieved a maximum energy yield that could enable the development of smaller an...
A recent study found 24 different pathotypes of Phytophthora sojae in Quebec and Ontario compared to eight in Manitoba, indicating declining resistance to Rps genes. More than 85% of fields surveyed contained isolates that could overcome the Rps genes present in planted varieties.
Researchers found that fuel poverty leads to higher levels of inflammation, affecting physical health, and lower life satisfaction, impacting wellbeing outcomes. The study's findings highlight the need for policies to support low-income households struggling with fuel poverty.
Researchers have developed a method to detect tiny plastic scraps on remote beaches using satellite technology. This innovation enables the tracking of plastics within satellite images, allowing for more frequent and reliable observations.
Researchers at Pusan National University have developed a new model using 'double Mellin transforms' and the 'method of dimension reduction' to accurately price vulnerable exchange options. The model provides an effective and accurate mathematical solution, enabling quick deployment without long calculations.
A Northwestern Medicine study found that health care workers' intentions to get vaccinated changed rapidly, influenced by factors such as clear messaging about vaccine safety and convenient access. The study also revealed disparities in vaccination acceptance among different demographics, including gender, race, and occupation.
Researchers found that only certain types of planets can form large moons in respect to their host planets. They propose that smaller planets are better candidates to host fractionally large moons. This study provides constraints for future observations and sheds light on the formation of Earth's unique moon.
A new study estimates that there are approximately 73,274 tree species on Earth, with 9,186 still to be discovered. This represents a 14% increase from previous estimates of 60,000 and 64,000 species. The majority of these undiscovered species are found in South America, highlighting the importance of forest conservation efforts.
A new study published in Annals of Internal Medicine suggests that the value of long-acting injectable cabotegravir for HIV prevention is comparable to generic oral alternatives. The study found that CAB-LA's superiority over oral PrEP among high-risk individuals would not justify a large price difference.
A new study from Regenstrief Institute identifies divergent priorities among cancer patients and their caregivers during active treatment, with patients focusing on physical issues like pain and caregivers prioritizing social support. The research emphasizes the need for enhanced whole-family approaches to supportive oncology care deli...
A recent study suggests that the 30-second single-leg stance is an effective task for identifying balance deficits in children and teens who have sustained a concussion. This assessment may help clinicians distinguish symptomatic children from those who have clinically recovered better and faster.
Nagoya University researchers have discovered how bird brains compute time differences between sounds reaching each ear to determine their location. This process relies on the clustering of nerve junctions in specialized dendrites dedicated to low-frequency sounds.
A survey of 55,000 US adults found that melatonin supplement use rose substantially over nearly two decades. The study's findings suggest a shift in attitudes towards supplements and health, highlighting the growing demand for natural health products.
Researchers from UOC-led OptimalSharing@SmartCities project will analyze inhabitants' mobility patterns and demands to design more efficient shared transport practices. The project aims to develop agile optimization algorithms capable of processing large volumes of data in real-time for dynamic system coordination.
Researchers have identified the impact of protein corona formation on nanoparticles' physiochemical and biological properties. This knowledge can be used to optimize carriers for nanomedical applications, improving the efficiency and effectiveness of biopharmaceutical delivery.
Researchers create microparticles that can steer through biological fluids and deliver drugs to cancer cells. The swimmers use visible light as propulsion, even in salty liquids, and can release cargo on demand.
Scientists at Hefei Institutes of Physical Science discovered excellent barocaloric (BC) cooling performance in n-alkanes using self-developed test platform. The material exhibits colossal entropy change comparable to commercial Freon-based refrigerants and has potential for caloric cooling applications.
Researchers found that higher monocyte counts are linked to early signs of injury and scarring on lung imaging among community-dwelling adults. This suggests that hyperactive monocytes may contribute to lung injury at the early stages of interstitial lung disease.
A new European report reveals a massive treatment gap and disparities in osteoporosis care, with significant economic burden and projected increases in fragility fractures. The report emphasizes the need for improved service provision and uptake, particularly in countries with high disease burdens.
A new study from the University of Southampton found that expanding renewable energy production sites will not necessarily harm protected areas. The research suggests that careful land use zoning can minimize the impact on biodiversity.
Soil algae play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle, capturing approximately 30% of human-caused CO2 emissions. The research found that these microorganisms sequester around 3.6 gigatonnes of carbon annually.
A multicenter study found that COVID-19 breakthrough infections in fully vaccinated patients tend to be milder than those of partially vaccinated or unvaccinated patients. Fully vaccinated status was associated with a lower risk of requiring supplemental oxygen and ICU admission.
USC researchers develop highly accurate model to predict Covid-19 risk by combining anonymized cellphone location data with mobility patterns. The system shows a 50% improvement in accuracy compared to current systems, enabling targeted policy decisions at neighborhood or zip code levels.
Research confirms microplastics are present in the placenta and in newborns, posing a significant risk to children's health. The Norwegian University of Science and Technology has called for more research on life's early stages to understand the effects of nano- and microplastics.
A qualitative study found that industry arguments against alcohol health warning labels were cited by World Trade Organization representatives, despite not being explicitly stated as industry demands. This highlights the need for greater transparency and curbing the alcohol industry's influence on global policy implementation.
Dr. Edward Y. Lee, MD, MPH, receives the highest distinction from North America's first radiological society for his contributions to pediatric thoracic imaging and education. The ARRS Gold Medal honors his tireless efforts to advance radiology globally.
A new study from Brigham and Women's Hospital found that female primary care physicians spend 20% more time working in the electronic health record than their male counterparts. The increased workload was attributed to a higher volume of messages received from staff and patients, which may contribute to burnout rates among female PCPs.
The discovery of 2020 XL5, the second Earth Trojan asteroid, provides significant insights into the early conditions of the Solar System. The asteroid's stable orbit around the L4 or L5 Lagrangian points makes it an ideal candidate for future space missions.
The global healthcare cost of female genital mutilation (FGM) is estimated to double from $1.4 billion in 2018 to $2.1 billion by 2047 in 27 countries, with the number of affected women and girls rising to 205 million per year. Abandoning FGM completely could reduce costs to $0.8 billion annually.
Researchers have described two new species of hammerhead flatworms, Humbertium covidum and Diversibipalium mayottensis, found in France, Italy, and Mayotte. The species are small, iridescent, and potentially invasive, posing a threat to soil biodiversity.
A new study published in PLOS ONE found that all individual COVID-19 patients with low oxygen saturation levels may need lower oxygen flows than previously believed. The study's results suggest that oxygen requirements for severely ill patients are significantly lower than the World Health Organization's estimated 10 l/min.
A University of Oklahoma chemist is engineering a sustainable method for producing valuable compounds found in nature, such as cannabinoids and squalenes, using enzymes and E. coli. This approach avoids the environmental and economic challenges associated with traditional plant-based methods.
A team of researchers from Ritsumeikan University developed an unprecedented stream cipher using chaos theory to create highly secure cryptographic systems. The new system is resistant to statistical attacks and eavesdropping, even against quantum computers, making it a promising solution for post-quantum era cryptosystems.
The novel vaccine combines immune focusing and self-assembling nanoparticles to elicit a strong protective response. In animal studies, it showed higher levels of neutralizing antibodies than existing vaccines and protected mice from death in lethal challenge experiments.
Researchers analyzed global zircon grain chemistry data to understand ocean evolution and its connection to atmospheric oxygenation. They found two major increases in continental input from rivers were linked to break-up and dispersal of continents, shaping the Earth's oceans, atmosphere, and climate.
A new study by researchers at the Center for Research in Occupational Health found that people who have taken sick leave due to cancer are more likely to struggle with returning to work. The study also highlights the impact of cancer and its treatment on long-term employment, with men facing greater challenges than women.
A multi-disciplinary team of researchers, including Indigenous Kichwa and Waorani families, will study biodiversity impacts in the Amazon basin. They will incorporate traditional knowledge into their approach to examining tropical species interaction.
The ESMO-WHO collaboration developed an evidence-based methodology for evaluating national medication formularies, helping Kazakhstan update its list of essential cancer medicines and treatment protocols. The approach resulted in increased budget allocation to cancer care and improved access to high-quality treatments.
A new study by NYU Tandon professor Nikhil Gupta explores the recyclability of lithium-ion and lead-acid batteries, highlighting the need for a circular economy approach. While lead acid batteries have a high recycling efficiency, lithium-ion batteries pose significant challenges due to their rapidly evolving chemistry and cell design.
Researchers created an interactive computer interface called EmoteControl, which allows users to control six cues of a musical piece in real time. Participants conveyed specific emotions through changing these cues, with tempo and mode being the most influential cues.
A recent study found that most common hand disinfectants are ineffective against the hepatitis E virus (HEV), a leading cause of acute liver inflammation worldwide. Despite being non-enveloped and highly resistant to chemical influences, HEV can still be infectious after exposure to certain disinfectants.
A recent study by TERAVOLT identified seven major determinants of death from SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with thoracic malignancies, including poor ECOG-PS and laboratory confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis. The study found a high all-cause case fatality rate of 24.2% among patients with COVID-19 and thoracic cancer.
A team of researchers at Kumamoto University successfully created complex 3D kidney tissue in the lab using mouse embryonic stem cells. The breakthrough could lead to advances in kidney research and potentially even transplantable organs.
A €16 million project, PhotonQ, is developing a photonic quantum processor to process qubits and reduce error rates. The processor will enable rapid scaling to relevant qubit numbers for practical applications.
Researchers at Medical University of South Carolina and Clemson University published a roadmap for rolling out COVID-19 risk mitigation initiatives in educational institutions. The roadmap outlines a theory-based framework for evaluating the success of exposure notification mobile apps, which can help institutions hit the ground running.
Researchers have developed conducting systems that control electron spin and transmit a spin current over long distances without ultra-cold temperatures. This breakthrough enables the creation of new technologies for encoding and transmitting information at room temperature.
University of Warwick scientists developed a new method to produce indolic amides, carboxylic acids, and auxins using enzymes that mimic plant production. The process is reusable, produces minimal waste products, and could help make pharmaceutical and agrochemical manufacturing more environmentally friendly.
A Northwestern Medicine-led study found that a novel, minimally invasive cardiac implant device called an atrial shunt may benefit some patients with HFpEF. The device improves symptoms and quality of life by allowing blood to flow from the stiff left atrium to the normal right atrium.