Researchers discover DUBTACs, which stabilize disease-causing proteins by removing ubiquitin chains, preventing destruction and increasing protein levels. This breakthrough addresses undruggable diseases like cystic fibrosis and cancer, offering a new class of medicines to treat multiple human diseases.
A recent study found that farms using regenerative agriculture have healthier crops with higher levels of minerals, vitamins, and phytochemicals. The research suggests that the key lies in the biology of the soil, where microbes and fungi play a crucial role in boosting beneficial compounds.
Researchers have discovered evidence of a 500-year-old landslide and associated tsunami in the Gulf of Aqaba, which could have implications for coastline development in Egypt and Saudi Arabia. The study predicts that future movement of the seabed might trigger more tsunamis in the region.
Researchers at MIT have synthesized himastatin, a natural compound with antimicrobial properties. The team discovered that the compound kills bacteria by disrupting their cell membranes.
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a fatal neurodegenerative movement disorder with no effective treatments, progressing rapidly and impairing critical physiological functions. The researchers will investigate how misfolded protein aggregates contribute to disease pathogenesis using the NIH grant.
Research shows that asexual reproduction in stick insects, such as parthenogenesis, reduces genetic variability and slows down adaptation to environmental changes. This negatively impacts the speed of adaptation and genetic diversity in these insects.
Gang Chen, a professor exonerated by the US government, joins Science journals Editor-in-Chief Holden Thorp in calling for an end to the China Initiative. The initiative has been criticized for its impact on innocent people and the chilling effect it has on scientific collaboration with China.
A study published in Nature Cancer has found that tissue damage caused by radiation can facilitate the spread of cancer, with neutrophils playing a key role. The researchers used mice to test the effect of high doses of radiation on healthy lung tissue and found that secondary tumours formed more easily in damaged lungs.
A UT Southwestern study found that COVID-19 patients who received a palliative care consultation were more likely to receive comfort care at the end of life, but had similar rates of CPR. The study highlights the need for hospitals to improve their outreach to Black communities and incorporate palliative care into pandemic planning.
The WHO European Region has seen significant success in diphtheria immunization, with high coverage rates and only a few reported cases. However, suboptimal surveillance systems and inadequate laboratory capacity may contribute to the persistence of sporadic cases.
Scientists have developed a new computational tool that mimics the processes of natural selection, producing proteins for medicinal and household uses. This innovation reduces the time required for laboratory evolution from months or years to just days.
Debra Laefer, a Professor at NYU Tandon School of Engineering, receives the Harry Schnabel Jr. Award for her novel approach to urban mapping and remote sensing technologies. Her work has led to projects in disaster mitigation and response, as well as protecting architecturally significant buildings from sub-surface construction.
Researchers at UVA Cancer Center have made a groundbreaking discovery about the EP300 gene and its role in small-cell lung cancer. The study found that the gene makes a protein with properties that can both foster and prevent tumor formation, providing a new potential target for treatment.
A Michigan study found that Black pregnant women were twice as likely to contract COVID-19 as white women, with all infected pregnant people at a higher risk of early preeclampsia. COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy is safe and effective, protecting both mothers and babies.
New studies found that California's push for computer science education did not improve students' math or English language arts skills, but increased enrollments in humanities courses. Researchers also found racial and gender disparities among computer science students and teachers.
The study reveals that asbestos minerals undergo changes that resemble self-defense when internalized by human lung cells. These changes include the formation of an iron-rich layer on the minerals, which may be a mechanism to protect the cell from toxicity.
Researchers at HKUST discovered a protein called CPEB1 that drives skeletal muscle stem cell activation to repair damaged muscle. The study reveals discordance between SC proteome and transcriptome during activation, showing post-transcriptional regulation.
A survey of 426 Italian dog owners found that 86% observed negative changes in surviving dogs' behavior after the death of their companion. These changes included increased attention seeking, decreased activity, and fearfulness.
A study of 2.6 million patients in Israel suggests a possible association between the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine and sudden sensorineural hearing loss. The effect size is very small, indicating that further research is needed to confirm this potential link.
Researchers from HSE University have developed a mathematical model that explains the levitation of charged dust particles over the sunlit lunar surface for almost any latitude. The study takes into account the Earth's magnetotail and its impact on particle movement, leading to vertical oscillation and eventual levitation.
A study of over 1,000 people in Hungary found that those with strong connections to nature had lower fear scores for snakes and spiders. This association may be a protective factor against developing these phobias, which can significantly impact daily life.
Researchers have developed a low-cost device to track insect activity, providing insights into their circadian rhythms and behavior. The portable pLAM device can monitor nocturnal species that were previously difficult to track, enabling scientists to study their habits and predict how environmental changes impact them.
Scientists have developed a new way to date asteroid collisions, providing a clearer picture of how planets formed. By analyzing the Chelyabinsk meteorite, researchers found evidence of two distinct collision stages, shedding light on the timing and processes involved in planetary formation.
A new phase II trial found that mid-treatment PET scans can help determine if patients with p16-positive oropharynx cancer can receive a lower dose of radiation therapy without compromising cancer control. The study reported fewer short-term side effects in patients who received de-escalated therapy.
A genetic study identified an AKR1A1 variant associated with schizophrenia that leads to exon skipping and loss of enzymatic activity. The c.753G>A and c.264delC variants were found in patients with schizophrenia, suggesting a potential molecular mechanism behind GlucA accumulation.
Researchers around Christian Schröter and Luis Morelli have discovered that ERK activity pulses every six to seven minutes in living stem cells, encoding differentiation information. This intermittent oscillation is believed to be a morse code-like mechanism that helps stem cells make decisions about fate.
Researchers at the University of Leeds identify step-by-step changes in human islet amyloid polypeptide as it transforms into a toxic substance linked to type-2 diabetes. They also discover two compounds that can control the process, offering potential starting points for new treatments.
Researchers at UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center have developed a new therapeutic approach using a small-molecule inhibitor of the chromatin-modulatory enzyme EZH2 to target aggressive cancer cells. The treatment also targets cMyc, a prominent cancer-causing factor, and shows profound tumor killing effects.
Scientists have gained a new understanding of the atomic level interactions in complex catalysis, enabling more efficient and sustainable chemical production. Researchers used x-ray spectroscopy, machine learning analysis, and first principles calculations to model reactions and identify active site structures.
Researchers at Osaka University used advanced microscopy to visualize extracellular vesicles secreted by osteoblasts, identifying a subset that limits bone formation and stimulates osteoclast differentiation. This finding could lead to new treatments for bone diseases.
Researchers created a comprehensive genomic regulatory map of a 24-hour-old zebrafish embryo, identifying millions of regulatory segments that control gene transcription. The study used single-cell technologies and machine learning algorithms to analyze genome data from over 23,000 nuclei.
Researchers found that many newly diagnosed patients with diabetes had less severe blood sugar levels and more severe COVID-19. After hospital discharge, roughly half reverted to normal blood sugar levels, and only 8% required insulin after one year.
A UC Riverside-led study has identified a potential antiviral therapy for SARS and SARS-like coronaviruses by targeting the papain-like protease enzyme. The research reveals that subgroup 2b PLpros selectively target specific host immune pathways, making them a promising target for future coronavirus therapeutics.
A retrospective study found that online patient experience ratings improved radiologists' performance, with scores increasing over time. The results showed that radiologists' performance was comparable to that of non-radiologist physicians, suggesting the value of implementing patient experience surveys in radiology.
Researchers at Shibaura Institute of Technology develop a fast and reliable method to detect defects in concrete structures using laser-induced plasma shock waves. The technique analyzes vibration patterns to identify Rayleigh waves, which can reveal the presence of cracks.
A study led by LSU researchers has found that a natural plant extract called Artemisia scoparia can increase the lifespan of roundworms by 40% and improve their metabolic health. The extract, which is native to Asia, was fed to worms in various doses and showed significant effects on fat regulation and stress resistance.
A nationwide multi-cohort study found that male children who gained weight or grew faster in the first five years of life entered puberty at a younger age. Female children with faster weight gains during infancy and early childhood also started their periods earlier, suggesting sex-specific associations between early growth and puberta...
A new study found that molds and yeasts are more prevalent in daycare centers than outside environments. The indoor mycobiome is influenced by factors such as building features and child density, suggesting a potential link between fungi and chronic respiratory diseases like asthma and allergies.
The IL-1RL2 cytokine has been implicated in the development of inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis and IBD, while also promoting the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Its role in controlling infection, including COVID-19 pathology, highlights its potential as a target for therapeutic interventions.
A new study found that cashew stem bark extract inhibits abnormal gut motility associated with diarrhea, revealing a potential low-cost remedy for treating and managing the condition. The extract's mechanism of action involves blocking muscarinic acetylcholine receptors responsible for gastrointestinal motility.
Exercise interventions delivered in primary care appear to boost moderate to vigorous intensity activity by an average of 14 minutes a week. Participants also weighed 1 kg less than controls at follow-up, highlighting the critical role of primary care professionals in promoting healthy behavior changes.
A 16-year study of over 2,000 Australian children shows that young people who use drugs but quit before adulthood have similar life success as those who never used drugs. The study highlights the importance of stopping drug use in early adulthood to prevent adult health and wellbeing issues.
A new hourly high-resolution precipitation dataset, ERA5@2km, has been developed using reanalysis over 20 European cities for the recent past thirty years. The dataset provides a basis for impact analysis at city scale, in terms of extreme hourly precipitation.
Researchers calculate that low-power lasers on Earth could launch and maneuver small probes equipped with silicon or boron nitride sails, propelling them to much faster speeds than rocket engines. The lasers could propel tiny sailed probes on interplanetary or interstellar missions without requiring large amounts of fuel.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have discovered that plants defend themselves against herbivores by redirecting their defenses to younger leaves, using substances like glucosinolates found in wasabi and mustard. This self-adjustment helps ensure the survival of future generations.
Researchers at MIT have discovered a monolayer multiferroic material that can be stacked to induce interesting properties. This finding could lead to the development of smaller, faster, and more efficient data-storage devices.
Researchers at SMU found a gene that enables both mechanosensation and olfaction, potentially leading to new treatments for loss of smell in COVID-19 patients. The gene mec-2 is crucial for activating touch neurons in worms and has similar isoforms that enable smell in humans.
A new study found that falls are increasing among older adults in the US, with an average annual rate of 1.5%, despite prevention efforts. The research analyzed national trends and geographic variability in fall injuries from 2016-2019.
Researchers found that non-athlete college students had lower rates of COVID-19 infection than other young adults during the pandemic. The study suggests that college students do not place themselves in a riskier situation by being on campus.
A study of 37,000 children in Vancouver found a significant association between air pollution and ADHD, as well as the protective effects of green spaces. Children living in areas with higher PM2.5 exposure had an increased risk of ADHD, while those in greener neighborhoods had a lower risk.
A study suggests that increased agricultural efficiency could save up to half of current global cropland, leading to reduced prices and increased production. The research found largest land saving potentials in regions with high pressure on land, such as Sub-Saharan Africa and parts of Latin America.
A new study published in Menopause found that obesity and abdominal obesity significantly increase the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Maintaining a healthy body weight is key to preventing these conditions.
Researchers at the University of Bath have developed a simple and rapid chemical recycling process for polycarbonates, breaking down plastic waste within 20 minutes at room temperature. The new process can convert waste into its chemical constituents, preserving product quality over an infinite number of cycles.
A new Curtin University study found diet, malaria, substance use, and inadequate antenatal care services are associated with one in 10 preterm births in the Pacific Island region. The research highlights the need for improved health promotion interventions during pregnancy.
Researchers found that soybean plants adjacent to pollinator habitats produce larger seeds due to increased bee visitation. The presence of pollinators also influences the bee communities in soybean fields, with bees leaving for outside flowers less likely.
Researchers from Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University provide valuable insights on managing C&D waste and reducing carbon emissions in building refurbishment projects. By upcycling generated waste, carbon emissions can be significantly reduced, with a potential reduction of around 40% compared to traditional practices.
Pharmaceutical firms are working towards using machine learning to analyze vast stores of data, developing models that evolve and improve as the data are processed. However, experts agree that a fully functional end-to-end approach is still a ways off due to biology's complexity.
A study by Newcastle University found that a 1.5°C increase in temperature reduces food resources for pollinating insects, causing them to visit a wider range of plants and altering seed production in some wildflowers. This change leads to more complex food web dynamics.
Researchers have found evidence for two supermassive black holes orbiting each other every two years, with masses hundreds of millions times larger than our sun. The quasar's radio-light brightness exhibits sinusoidal variations due to the pair's motion, providing a nearly perfect light curve.
Researchers at TUM have successfully produced succinic acid using the marine bacterium Vibrio natriegens, which has rapid growth and substrate uptake rates. The team is now working to optimize the process for industrial-scale production using renewable raw materials.