Archaeologist Veerle Rots has made groundbreaking discoveries about Neanderthal technology and cognitive development, challenging previous assumptions. Her research at TraceoLab reveals that Neanderthals were more innovative and strategic than thought, with a concept of hafting dating back to at least 250,000 years ago.
New research from a stalagmite reveals that the Pueblo cultural development coincided with drier climatic conditions in the southwestern US. The study suggests that climate change played a significant role in shaping the region's cultural history, challenging previous assumptions about the impact of megadroughts on civilizations.
New data analyses from RedHill's Talicia H. pylori eradication clinical trials program showed high eradication rates and favorable safety and efficacy profiles in patients with diabetes. The study found that Talicia maintained high eradication rates of 91.7% and 84.1% in patients with and without diabetes, respectively.
Research found that men taking abiraterone or enzalutamide plus hormone therapy had a higher risk of metabolic and cardiovascular issues than those undergoing hormone therapy alone. This increased risk was observed in patients with Medicare health insurance, who were significantly older than those in clinical trials.
A study of nomadic pine siskins found that pairing with settled male birds triggered signs of ending migration, including reduced restless flying and body mass loss. This suggests that social cues play a role in migratory decisions for unpredictable animals like pine siskins.
A new systematic review and meta-analysis published in The BMJ provides a comprehensive understanding of the adverse outcomes associated with gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy. The study found that women with gestational diabetes had increased odds of caesarean section, preterm delivery, and infant complications.
Researchers are utilizing UAVs to capture real-time images of rice crops, extract crop phenotypic traits from the images, and analyze that information to discover superior, high-yielding rice genotypes. The team aims to develop automated algorithms to identify key traits and select best-performing rice genotypes.
Scientists have observed the crystallization of nickel's two structural forms, cubic and hexagonal, in a liquid solution using liquid-phase electron microscopy. This breakthrough has significant implications for understanding nickel-based catalysts and their applications.
Cornell researchers have designed a micro-sized artificial cilial system using platinum-based components that can control the movement of fluids at a scale similar to biological cilia. The technology could enable low-cost diagnostic devices for testing blood samples, manipulating cells or assisting in microfabrication processes.
Researchers from NTU and NUS found a link between NAFLD and blood vessel damage, leading to increased risks of cardiovascular diseases. High levels of chemokines attract immune cells into blood vessels, causing inflammation and damage.
Case volumes grew by 180% as the eConsult service launched a sub-specialty COVID-19 group in March 2020. The service provided real-time data advice from infectious disease specialists on novel coronavirus, reducing unnecessary specialty referrals and saving time and money.
Research suggests that NF-κB over-activation is associated with improved outcomes in patients with HPV-positive head and neck cancer. An RNA-based classifier trained on tumors with specific mutations may improve prognostic classification, aiding in treatment personalization.
Researchers developed a tool to analyze facial movements in common marmosets, finding they have more facial expressions than previously thought. The study suggests that facial expressions may be more ancient and prevalent among social animals.
A new self-powered fabric, developed using triboelectric nanogenerators, can monitor and correct poor posture in real-time. The technology uses machine learning algorithms to provide immediate feedback and has been shown to accurately recognize the wearer's posture 96.6% of the time.
Researchers at Eötvös Loránd University found that dogs with higher attachment scores spend more time in deep sleep and relax better in new environments. The study suggests a similarity between dog-owner relationships and human-child relationships.
A Princeton study shows that environmental benefits from restored croplands are lost when they are recultivated, and most land is left abandoned for only about 14 years. The researchers found that significant environmental benefits will be lost within 30 years, highlighting the need for policy incentives to restore habitats.
A team of researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi has discovered a novel structural modification in AMP-activated protein kinase that could pave the way for more effective cancer treatments. The study found that a specific enzyme cleaves and traps the protein in the cell nucleus, rendering it resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
A new AI approach can diagnose osteoporosis from hip X-rays with superior diagnostic performance than traditional methods. This could lead to faster treatment and reduced risk of fractures. Researchers developed a deep-radiomics model using image processing and analysis to identify patterns associated with disease.
A team of scientists has confirmed that the earliest humans in Australia consumed eggs from a two-metre tall bird called Genyornis, which became extinct 47,000 years ago. The ancient proteins found in eggshell fragments provide conclusive evidence for this species.
A new study reveals that tidal flats in the southeastern US are under pressure from urbanization, leading to erosion and loss of these critical ecosystem guardians. The research highlights the need for sustainable management plans to mitigate the impacts of urban expansion on coastal environments.
A new study found that vaccinated people with mild breakthrough COVID-19 infections can experience debilitating long COVID symptoms. Vaccination reduced the risk of death by 34% and long COVID by 15%, but not all manifestations were prevented. Researchers emphasize the need for additional layers of protection to mitigate risks.
Researchers at Hiroshima University have discovered a new non-radioactive compound that can be used to stain and image viruses in clear detail using TEM. The Preyssler-type phosphotungstate molecule is a good alternative to radioactive uranyl acetate, providing easy-to-use and stable results.
Researchers at Georgia State University developed a nanoparticle vaccine combining two proteins that induce immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. The vaccine shows potential for broader and safe protection with robust ADCC activity and sustained immunity.
Researchers at the University of Arizona Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health will measure soil and dust ingestion levels in US children to protect them from harmful chemicals. The study, funded by the EPA, aims to establish new data benchmarks for child health guidelines.
A study by Columbia University researchers found that the gene FMNL2 links cerebrovascular disease and Alzheimer's disease, suggesting changes in FMNL2 activity cause toxic protein clearance issues. This mechanism may lead to a way to prevent Alzheimer's in people with hypertension, diabetes, or heart disease.
Researchers have found that stars in distant galaxies are typically more massive than those in the Milky Way, changing our understanding of astronomical phenomena like black holes, supernovae, and galaxy death. This discovery may also explain why galaxies die and stop forming new stars.
A multidisciplinary project aims to develop a decision-making tool to estimate the risk of water contamination in flooded areas. The research team will collect public data and conduct field work to test their approach in small study areas, ultimately enabling Québec to reduce health risks by better protecting water quality.
A large Japanese trial found that daily vitamin D supplements had no clinically meaningful effect on preventing type 2 diabetes in people at high risk of the condition. However, results suggested a potential benefit for those with insufficient insulin secretion, warranting further research.
In a study of 30 males and 400 individuals, researchers found that males with many friends spent less time with them when females entered the picture. The study suggests that male friendships may not be crucial for attracting females or maintaining reproductive success.
Researchers from Carnegie Mellon University gathered data on an all-terrain vehicle's interactions with challenging off-road environments, collecting over 200,000 real-world interactions. The resulting TartanDrive dataset is multimodal and includes information about speed, suspension shock travel, and video.
Researchers uncovered intricate settlements in Bolivia's Llanos de Mojos savannah-forest, featuring elaborate structures and a vast network of reservoirs. The cities were built alongside nature, employing successful sustainable subsistence strategies that promoted conservationism and maintained rich biodiversity.
A new study published in Neurology found that living in areas with higher air pollution is associated with an increased risk of in-hospital death from stroke. The risk varies depending on the size of the air pollution particles, with fine particulate matter (PM2.5) posing a significant threat.
Adding diffusion-weighted MRI to conventional MRI enhances the differentiation of locally recurrent tumor and post-surgical fibrosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma resection. The study found higher sensitivity with DWI, facilitating earlier detection of recurrences.
The Unistellar network of app-controlled eVscopes is now the world's largest group of citizen astronomers, thanks to grants from the Lounsbery and Moore Foundations. The updated app will alert citizen scientists to night-sky phenomena, enabling them to participate in crucial planetary defense activities.
Researchers from the University of Helsinki used new techniques to observe tree hyraxes in Kenya's Taita Hills, finding that they are social animals with specific habitat preferences. The study estimated a population size of no more than 2,000–4,000 individuals, shedding light on the behavior and conservation of these unique mammals.
Researchers analyzed mobile app data to gain insight into behaviors of middle-aged women living with severe obesity in urban poverty. The study found associations between anxiety and weight loss or gain, as well as correlations between location, timing, and eating/drinking frequency.
Researchers at UC Davis and UC Berkeley have mapped the full motor cortex of Egyptian fruit bats, showing that brain areas represent common synergies of muscles rather than individual muscles. This study highlights the unique motor control abilities of these bats, which use their tongue to echolocate and aim sonar beams.
Diatoms, responsible for 40% of ocean plant biomass production, are declining due to ocean acidification. This decline can lead to nutrient scarcity in surface waters and disrupt marine food webs. Global simulations predict a loss of up to 27% silica in surface waters by 2200.
A new study by Bar-Ilan University researchers reveals that synchronized brain activity is crucial for information transfer between brain regions. Increasing synchronization improves transmission and processing of information, while decreasing it impairs cognitive function. This finding may contribute to the development of treatments f...
A recent study published in Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology found that longer durations of exclusive breastfeeding are associated with lower odds of current asthma. The study analyzed over 2,000 mother-child pairs and discovered a 'dose-response' effect depending on how long the mother breastfed.
Research found that self-punishment can garner sympathy for offenders by signaling their commitment to shared social norms. The study suggests that prolonged social exclusion and self-harm can be destructive, highlighting the need for support in making amends to society.
A recent study published in the Journal of Endocrinology suggests that lowering blood glucose levels can partially restore reproductive hormone levels and ovulation in female mice with obesity. The study used dapagliflozin, a common type 2 diabetes medication, to treat the mice, resulting in improved fertility outcomes.
Researchers warn that the increasing use of digital agriculture could lead to serious cyber-attacks, compromising food supply and production. Complex modeling studies have identified vulnerabilities in ag-tech applications, including side-channel attacks that can exploit physical access to devices.
A University of Barcelona team has developed a new authentication tool to verify the geographical origin of virgin olive oil. The tool uses sesquiterpene hydrocarbons as robust analytical markers, enabling the discrimination between oils produced in different European Union countries.
The University of Louisville is launching a new campus to focus on health as a shared community resource, incorporating environmental and cultural factors. Researchers will engage with the community to discover how natural environments impact health.
A study published in PLOS ONE identified a biomarker panel that could help predict gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in early pregnancy, potentially reducing its impact on mother and baby. Researchers found distinct expression of microRNA genes in extracellular vesicles isolated from maternal blood samples taken during the first trim...
Research found that people with European ancestry who followed a healthier lifestyle had a lower risk of developing dementia, even those with the highest genetic risk. The study also showed similar patterns for African American participants, but more research is needed due to smaller sample sizes.
Archaeologists have discovered two remarkably large sites of 147 hectares and 315 hectares in a dense four-tiered settlement system using LIDAR technology. The largest site is as large as Bonn was in the 17th century, with modifications indicating a reasonable increase in population.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics have identified two bipotent progenitor populations of thymic epithelial cells that control thymus formation at different stages of life. This discovery has significant implications for understanding immune system development and age-related changes, such as reduc...
Researchers at UCLA have discovered a key molecular mechanism behind memory linking and identified an FDA-approved drug that can restore this brain function in middle-aged mice. The study suggests a potential early intervention for dementia and strengthening human memory in middle age.
Researchers have developed a new tool to visualize leukocytes in the brain vasculature during in vivo two-photon laser scanning microscopy. The tool uses a fluorescent antibody targeting CD45, a ubiquitously expressed protein on white blood cells, allowing for tracking of circulating leukocytes over time and space.
Researchers have developed an imaging technique to capture information about brain tissue at the subcellular level, combining seven methods to visualize neural networks and individual cells. This approach allows for a complete picture of brain structure and function, overcoming challenges of imaging tissues at different scales.
A new ECG-based AI model developed by Tempus and Geisinger can predict patients at increased risk of undiagnosed structural heart disease. The rECHOmmend study found that the model achieved excellent performance, exceeding previous models in predicting any single disease.
Racial gaps in NIH grant funding are attributed to the subjective review process and lack of diversity among reviewers. The NIH has proposed initiatives to address these disparities, including appointing diversity officers and allocating funding for research on health equity and health disparities.
A new study at Lund University found distinct epigenetic differences between subgroups of patients with type 2 diabetes, associated with different risks of developing common complications. Epigenetic biomarkers can be used to predict complications and tailor treatments for individual patients.
A new study published in PLOS ONE found a significant association between breastfeeding duration and cognitive test scores in children up to age 14. After adjusting for socioeconomic position and maternal cognitive ability, the researchers discovered that longer breastfeeding durations were linked to higher cognitive scores.
Researchers at Sainsbury Wellcome Centre found that mice can choose the best escape route after only 10 minutes of exploration, without needing to experience threat. The study suggests that mice use innate heuristics and natural exploration to learn this information.
The UK's Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation advises that COVID vaccines should be offered to 5–11-year-old children, but deem immunization as non-essential. Dr Hamid Merchant explains why current vaccines are not suitable for children due to efficacy and safety concerns.
Researchers at Norwegian University of Science and Technology have discovered a method for describing molecules in optical cavities, which could lead to breakthroughs in chemistry and pharmaceutical industries. The study uses molecular orbital theory to predict how molecules will react inside optical cavities.
Researchers at HKU's Conservation Forensics Lab have developed a powerful new tool for monitoring the trade of rare and endangered fish species in Hong Kong wet markets. Using environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis, they were able to identify over 100 species of fish that had passed through the market.