Scientists at Ural Federal University have developed a sensor device that determines cholesterol levels without using enzymes. The system uses copper chloride, making the process cheaper, easier, and faster than traditional methods.
A recent analysis of the Family Heart Database found that individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia are more likely to receive adequate treatment if they are White, male, and have higher income or education. The study highlights a significant unmet need for improving equity in cardiovascular risk reduction.
The University of Tsukuba researchers developed a machine-learning model to predict undertriage in phone-based triage systems. The model identified risk factors such as age, sex, and comorbid conditions, which can be used to update protocols and improve patient outcomes.
The USC Annenberg School's new Center for Climate Journalism and Communication provides critical training to professionals across media and communication sectors. The center's programs aim to enhance the impact of climate storytelling, supporting action that preserves the planet's health.
Researchers found that propofol decreases intracellular transport of proteins in neurons, impacting vesicle movement and axonal delivery. This study contributes to understanding how propofol causes anesthesia and may lead to the development of better anesthetic drugs.
Researchers analyzed 200 overdose events in Rhode Island city, finding police were last to arrive at scene in most incidents. Arrests were extremely rare, with only 1% of cases involving law enforcement presence due to safety concerns.
Researchers develop Janus Bi, a platform for creating highly asymmetrical nano-architectures with 2D materials, inspired by nature's efficient light transformation processes. The project aims to produce scalable nanotechnological objects with light conversion capabilities.
A new class of drugs has been developed and successfully tested to treat resistant hypertension. The trial shows a significant fall in blood pressure in patients who did not respond to usual medications. Baxdrostat works by preventing the body from making aldosterone, a hormone regulating salt levels.
Letrozole, a breast cancer treatment drug, shows promise in suppressing liver fibrosis through inhibition of the CTGF pathway and reduction of Hsd17b13 expression. This repurposed approach may lead to new treatments for liver disease.
A team of researchers from Rice University, Baylor College of Medicine, and Northern Illinois University are developing an open source system called FLASH to objectively measure children's screen-viewing behaviors. The five-year grant includes funding for three long-term studies on the impacts of screen use on young children.
A new study from Penn State found that crowded emergency departments are associated with higher mortality rates throughout the hospital. On days when an emergency department is crowded, patients are 5.4% more likely to die of any cause, regardless of their admission status.
A new study explores the ethics of disclosing Alzheimer's disease biomarker information to cognitively unimpaired research participants, highlighting conflicting norms and nuanced policy recommendations. The authors suggest policies for disclosure in various research settings, emphasizing the need to prioritize participant well-being a...
A study found that higher levels of glutathione in the nucleus accumbens correlate with better performance in motivation tasks. Nutritional interventions targeting GSH levels may improve motivation by modifying behavior and facilitating effortful endurance.
Researchers at CNIO have identified epigenetic changes, specifically DNA methylation, as a key mechanism behind resistance to proteasome inhibitor drugs in multiple myeloma. This finding suggests that methylation levels in the PSMD5 gene can predict treatment response and potentially reverse resistance.
A recent study by 70 scientists highlights the devastating effects of climate change on insects, which play critical roles in ecosystems. Gradual warming and extreme events harm insects, affecting their physiology, behavior, and interactions with other species.
A team led by Prof. Leonardo Degiorgi reveals the electronic environment of PrAlGe, which favors an unusually large anomalous Hall conductivity at low temperatures due to correlated Weyl states. They propose a suitable experimental approach to trace the relevant ingredients of the electronic structure.
A new label indicating responsible antibiotic use (RAU) in dairy milk could entice conventional farmers to minimize antibiotics, with half of US adults willing to buy RAU-labeled milk. The price point would need to be competitive with conventional milk, but consumers are more willing to pay for the label.
A new study reveals huge gaps in data on how communities use mountain water sources, complicating efforts to model future scenarios. The researchers emphasize the need for improved data and process understanding to guide effective climate change adaptation.
A study published in Current Biology found that undetectable very low frequency sound increases dancing at a live concert, with participants moving 12% more when the speakers were on. The researchers speculate that this is due to physical processes affecting the motor system and brain mechanisms involved.
Researchers have demonstrated a power-efficient component for demultiplexing operation using silicon photonic MEMS, enabling efficient wavelength demultiplexing for fiber-optic communications. The compact footprint of the add-drop filter allows fast operation compared to established MEMS products.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new approach to improve the energy density of nonrechargeable batteries, enabling up to a 50% increase in useful lifetime. The new design uses a fluorinated catholyte material that reduces dead weight and improves safety.
A review article breaks down dryland dynamics and discusses key drivers of shifts in vegetation, highlighting the importance of hydrological processes. The study suggests prioritizing holistic approaches to dryland management under increasing climate and anthropogenic pressures.
Research from Thomas Jefferson University shows adding sensory integration assessments can help guide therapeutic activities for individuals with autism. The assessments provide new information on deficits in multiple and varied categories of sensory integration, which are not recognized by current diagnostic tests.
Researchers from West Health push for elevating telehealth standards to ensure remote care meets the needs of older adults, including person-centered and equitable access. The authors propose a framework with guard rails to prevent low-value care and health inequities, while improving access to high-quality, timely, and convenient care.
Researchers found that patients who received automated text messages from their primary care team after discharge had a significant decrease in hospital readmission (55%) and emergency care use (41%) compared to those who did not receive the texts. This study adds to evidence that connecting with patients through text messaging can hel...
Research at American Heart Association Scientific Sessions 2022 found that bypass surgery improves blood flow to legs and feet, reducing major amputations and repeat procedures by 65% and 27%, respectively. The study of 1,830 patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia concluded that surgical bypass is a better option for those wit...
The Subduction Zones in Four Dimensions (SZ4D) initiative aims to improve understanding of subduction zone hazards through a collaborative effort. The plan involves deploying new instrumentation and developing more accurate models to predict large earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and landslides.
A new comprehensive guideline, C-CHANGE, offers 83 actionable recommendations to prevent and treat cardiovascular disease in Canadian adults. The updated resource incorporates new or revised recommendations from 11 guideline groups, addressing key risk factors such as dietary habits, smoking, and physical activity.
Researchers identified how SARS-CoV-2's Nsp6 protein damages heart cells, hijacking their metabolism to cause damage. A drug, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, reduced this damage by blocking sugar metabolism, offering a potential treatment for long-term COVID-19 complications.
Screen time increased by 52% during the pandemic, with significant increases for individuals ages 12-18 and handheld devices/personal computers.
Researchers at Seoul National University and Princeton University have discovered a new type of self-generated plasma current in a tokamak, which could enable long-pulse fusion operations. The new current source was found to comprise up to 30% of the total plasma current and appears when turbulence is relatively low.
Researchers found that overexpressing matriptase reduced myeloma cell proliferation and inhibited migration. Matriptase also blocked Src kinase activation, supporting its potential as a tumor suppressor in multiple myeloma. The study provides new insights into the role of matriptase in hematological malignancies.
A higher urine-to-plasma urea ratio is associated with faster decline in eGFR and development of kidney failure in patients with common forms of CKD. This biomarker may improve risk prediction, particularly in low-cost, easily measurable assays.
A new study by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found that buildings renovated with healthier furnishings had significantly lower levels of PFAS than those with conventional furnishings. The researchers analyzed dust in indoor spaces and found that organic fluorine levels were also lower in the healthier spaces.
A study reveals female false widow spiders disseminate pheromones through their webs, adjusting the pH level of silk to lure males and deposit courtship-inducing pheromone components. This sophisticated method involves slowly breaking down pheromone components to attract males.
A large international clinical trial found that fenofibrate had no significant effect on COVID-19 outcomes, including disease severity and death. The study included 701 participants and was led by Penn Medicine scientists.
A new system to create personalized workouts and 'prescribed' exercises has been unveiled, with results showing greater improvement in endurance and long-term benefits. The approach, based on 'critical power,' aims to provide predictable results for each individual's exercise, helping people achieve their fitness goals.
A national study published in The New England Journal of Medicine finds that early intervention with catheter cryoablation can halt disease progression and reduce serious health risks. Cryoablation is more effective than antiarrhythmic drugs in reducing the risk of persistent AF, hospitalization, and adverse events.
Scientists review natural structures with exceptional properties, such as wood, bones, spider webs, and sea sponges. These hierarchical structures can be used to design innovative materials for vibration damping and acoustic wave control.
A new model accounts for the interplay of forces acting on newborn planets, explaining two puzzling observations: the radius valley and peas in a pod. The research suggests that giant impacts, like the one that formed our moon, are probably a generic outcome of planet formation.
The age-adjusted prevalence of dementia declined from 12.2% to 8.5% among people over 65 between 2000 and 2016. Education was a key factor in the reduction, explaining 40% of the decline among men and 20% among women.
A new study found that children with four copies of the SMN2 gene who received pre-symptomatic treatment showed no symptoms, while untreated patients developed irreversible symptoms. The researchers recommend encouraging early intervention in childhood for these patients to avoid potential deficits.
Researchers used AI to automate the process of analyzing X-ray snapshots of materials, accelerating the technique by ten times on its own and 100 times with improved hardware. The new method can extract information from a range of previously inaccessible materials, including high-temperature superconductors and quantum spin liquids.
Researchers at Osaka University identified T-cadherin as a factor that feeds back a lack of insulin to pancreatic β cells, inducing their proliferation. This finding suggests a potential new treatment for diabetes by targeting T-cadherin.
A new study found that ultraprocessed foods contributed to 57,000 premature deaths in Brazil in 2019. The study estimated the impact of reducing UPF intake and suggested that limiting consumption could prevent approximately 5,900 to 29,300 premature deaths annually.
A study has identified a subset of early-stage melanoma patients with almost no risk of death, potentially contributing to overdiagnosis. The researchers used cancer registry data and developed models to identify patients with a very low risk of mortality.
Research finds that lianas more frequently infest smaller trees in Southeast Asian forests, hindering their growth. This study transforms understanding of tropical forests and their role in the global carbon cycle. Lianas' impact on climate change is significant due to their ability to reduce carbon uptake and storage.
A study by Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center found that divisive political events negatively influence factors related to public mood, well-being, and alcohol consumption. Participants reported reduced sleep quality, increased stress, negative mood, and higher alcohol use in the days leading up to the election.
Researchers used advanced analytical techniques to identify characteristics indicative of a biological origin in the 3.48-billion-year-old Dresser Formation stromatolites. The study provides unique insights for searching life on Mars, where similar geological processes may preserve biosignatures.
Researchers used DNA barcoding to track breast cancer cells over time, finding that some cells can suppress killer T-cells and reduce MHC1 expression to evade the immune system. This study suggests epigenetic mechanisms may play a role in cancer cell adaptation and provides potential targets for therapies.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science found that chronic social defeat stress (cSDS) induced mice showed higher intestinal transit ratio and visceral pain-related behaviors, similar to IBS. The study suggests that prolonged psychological stress can cause IBS-like symptoms in mice without intestinal lesions.
Researchers conducted the largest clinical trial to date of psilocybin, finding a statistically significant rapid reduction in symptoms of depression. The study suggests that COMP360 psilocybin with psychological support could be an effective treatment strategy for people with treatment-resistant depression.
A new study warns that climate change will negatively impact mountain landscapes and human activity, increasing risks of natural hazards like avalanches and river floods. Mountain communities are also affected, with traditional practices like transhumance and agriculture dying out due to changing weather patterns and water scarcity.
A new ceramic material with excellent oxygen storage capacity has been developed by Tohoku University researchers. The material can remove toxic gases from exhaust emissions at lower temperatures than current materials, making it a promising solution for improving air quality in petrol and diesel vehicles.
Researchers at North Carolina State University developed a CRISPR-based system that uses engineered bacteriophages to deliver genetic payloads to specific bacteria, even in complex environments. This technology enables precise single-letter changes to the genome without double-strand DNA breakage.
The ASU-led SW-IFL aims to understand complex relationships between extreme heat, atmospheric pollutants, and limited water supply on vulnerable urban subpopulations. The integrated field laboratory will combine high-resolution data, advanced computer modeling, and community engagement to create regionally specific predictive tools.
Researchers developed a new approach to fabricate multilayered ceramic membranes with ceria-based thin-film for stable hydrogen production. The interface-reaction-induced reassembly method resulted in highly dense and adherent layers with reduced ionic transport resistance, enabling long durability (>1000 hours) in practical conditions.
Researchers found that extracts from hop flowers can inhibit the clumping of amyloid beta proteins, associated with Alzheimer's disease. The Tettnang hop extract showed potent anti-aggregation and antioxidant properties, promoting the body's ability to clear out misfolded proteins.
Scientists have established a physical model of Berry-curvature-dominated linear positive magnetoresistance (LPMR) in topological materials, providing experimental evidence for the mechanism. The study used cobalt disulfide as a material candidate and proposed temperature-dependent equations that fit previously reported data.
A significant increase in COVID-19 pandemic-related demand for adolescent eating disorder (ED) care was observed, outstripping available resources. The study emphasizes the need for enhanced ED prevention strategies and improved workforce and program capacity to address this growing concern.