The employment-to-population ratio for people with disabilities increased to historic highs in October, while those without disabilities are only reaching pre-pandemic levels. These gains may lead to long-term improvements in workplace integration of people with disabilities.
A three-year experiment found that mixotrophs evolved to be less photosynthetic at higher temperatures, potentially increasing CO2 production and contributing to climate change. The study also suggests natural selection has a stronger effect on organisms with less flexible characteristics.
Researchers have found therapies that can help patients with relapsed multiple myeloma who tried CAR-T therapy, including bispecific antibodies and other types of CAR-T cell therapy. The study analyzed 79 patients and found that stem cell transplants and other drug combinations showed some efficacy in these patients.
A survey by Osaka Metropolitan University found that disaster emergency wells complemented the Kumamoto city government's emergency water supply, speeding up water delivery and improving access. However, some welfare facilities did not use emergency wells despite being nearby, highlighting the importance of publicizing their locations.
A meta-analysis of 820 healthy young adults reveals specific biomarkers and inflammatory signatures that predict antibody responses to vaccines. The study's findings could lead to the development of tailored vaccines for improved protection.
Researchers developed an intelligent compaction technology that integrates into a road roller, assessing real-time the quality of road base compaction. This improves road construction, reducing potholes and maintenance costs, leading to safer and more resilient roads.
A recent study analyzing Amazon Rainforest fires from 2003-2020 reveals that most fires are caused by uncontrolled human use of fire for agriculture and deforestation. The study found that Brazil accounted for an average of 73% of detected fires, with pasturelands and natural grasslands being the main burned areas.
A new study by Cornell University researchers found that changing the wording on expiration dates could help reduce food waste. The study suggests that certain labels, such as "use by" or "best if used by," may lead to more food being discarded than others.
Researchers from UCLA have developed a strategy to identify novel treatments for cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases by exploiting sex differences in the brain. The study provides a roadmap for disentangling the contribution of sex-specific factors, which can yield treatments optimized for each sex.
A new study from the University of Ottawa reveals that morning types tend to have superior verbal ability, contrary to previous research suggesting that evening types have an advantage. The study found that accounting for factors like bedtime and age, morning individuals outperformed their evening counterparts in verbal intelligence.
Patients with non-metastatic soft tissue sarcoma can safely receive hypofractionated treatment over three weeks instead of five, achieving similar tumor control and no increased risk of wound complications. The study found comparable rates of major wound complications between the two treatment courses.
A University of Illinois team discovered liquid crystalline epoxy resins with high thermal conductivity, outperforming common polymers by up to 5 times. The breakthrough was achieved by precisely controlling the lengths of ethylene repeat units in the polymer structure.
A new study published in Alzheimer's & Dementia found that telmisartan, a blood pressure medication, is associated with lower risk of Alzheimer's specifically in Black patients over 60. The study analyzed data from over 5 million patients and suggests that future clinical trials should prioritize minority populations to find or reinfor...
NJIT Assistant Professor Salam Daher is using augmented reality technology to train caretakers for the elderly. The project aims to improve communication and empathy skills through a digital model of an older person that responds to emotions and environment. The system will be tested to investigate its impact on patient outcomes.
People with elevated blood pressure showed improvement after 12 weeks of a telehealth support program, with significant reductions in systolic blood pressure and increased self-reported physical activity. A dietitian-led intervention also showed greater reductions in systolic blood pressure while asleep and more weight loss.
A human genetic study suggests that Madagascar's loss of large vertebrates is linked to the first major human expansion on the island around 1,000 years ago. The study found that a small group of Bantu-speaking African people arrived on the island and led to the rapid growth of the human population.
A new study has found that Psychological First Aid training can help healthcare workers in care homes improve their own mental wellbeing. The training, originally created for people to support others, offers guidance on delivering psychosocial care in emergency situations.
Researchers found significantly higher antibody levels in people who experienced mild to moderate vaccine reactions, with younger individuals having greater concentrations. Vaccine reactions were mostly rated as mild to moderate and were well-tolerated overall.
Scientists have successfully created two types of light-driven molecular motors that can both rotate and fluoresce in the same molecule. This achievement demonstrates that these motors can be designed to control various functions using light energy, paving the way for potential applications in biomedical imaging and cellular processes.
A team of scientists has developed optically-generated focused ultrasound (OFUS) for non-invasive brain stimulation with ultrahigh precision, surpassing the reach of traditional transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS). OFUS uses a soft optoacoustic pad to generate an ultrasound pulse with a spatial resolution of 0.1 mm.
The study, led by C. Buddy Creech, MD, MPH, shows the vaccine is safe and generates robust immune responses in young children, providing protection against COVID-19-related hospitalization and death. The findings echo previous results, which found the vaccine to be effective in older children.
A new study of 25 comets has found strong evidence that comet outgassing could be the source of the chemical composition of the early solar system. The research, led by Olga Harrington Pinto, measured the ratio of water, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide gases from comets to test predictions of solar system formation and evolution.
The National Science Foundation has awarded $800,000 to support the development of Edge AI applications in a proposed wearable diabetes management device. The project aims to create a smart, wearable device that monitors blood sugar levels without the need for frequent blood draws, reducing delays and increasing privacy and security.
A study found that longer drive times are associated with reduced receipt of guideline-recommended health screenings and treatments across various care components. This suggests the importance of addressing travel burdens in healthcare to improve quality of care and patient outcomes.
Structural insights from collaborative Oxford-Diamond research reveal new potential drug targets for novel antiviral drugs. The study elucidated how the viral polymerase interacts with cellular proteins, including ANP32A, and appropriates it to shelter viral RNA from detection by the immune system.
Researchers at UNIST have developed a method to synthesize single-crystalline graphite films of up to inch scale, overcoming the critical issue of small size due to weak interaction between layers. The resulting films exhibit exceptional thermal conductivity and uniform quality.
Researchers found that fecal microbial transplants can't reliably change the gut microbial community when no prior antibiotic treatment is given to the recipient. This challenges the use of these transplants to alter metabolism or host immunity without reducing the recipient's existing microbe community.
Researchers observe a surprising phenomenon where particles near the surface of colloidal glass move faster than in the solid below, forming a liquid layer up to 30 particle diameters thick. This discovery sheds new light on the properties of thin disordered films and their potential applications in technology.
A recent study found that microRNA-145 can identify breast cancer patients at lower risk of recurrence and those who may need additional therapy. The biomarker was measured in patients' blood samples during chemotherapy and predicted long-term oncological outcomes.
Research highlights the significant role emergency departments play in end-of-life care, with nearly one-third of decedents visiting the ED just before death. The study's findings emphasize the need for emergency medicine practitioners to identify patients in need of end-of-life care and provide necessary resources.
Astronomers have discovered the closest-known black hole to Earth, a dormant stellar-mass black hole located about 1600 light-years away in the constellation Ophiuchus. This discovery was made possible by precise observations of the motion of the black hole's companion star using the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph instrument.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have discovered that plant-derived cellulose nanofibers exhibit high thermal conductivity, potentially replacing environmentally damaging synthetic polymers. The discovery was made using a novel method to align the fibers, allowing for efficient heat transfer.
Researchers at VCU Massey Cancer Center have found strong evidence for testing a novel drug in liver cancer treatment. MDA-9 inhibition may be an effective approach for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with potential synergies with other therapeutics.
A global study provides actionable recommendations to combat COVID-19 without exacerbating socio-economic burdens. The report identifies six major areas for action, including whole-of-society strategies and vaccine-plus approaches.
Researchers developed a fast and cost-effective method to detect amphiphiles, a ubiquitous family of chemical compounds used in disease diagnosis and toxin detection. The new test uses rolling droplets on microstructured surfaces to detect levels of pathogenic endotoxins in water at ultralow concentrations.
A high-energy neutrino source has been detected in the spiral galaxy NGC 1068, providing new insights into the mysteries of active galaxies. The discovery was made using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory and statistical methods, allowing researchers to distinguish between the weak signal and strong background noise.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology have developed a novel nanowire fabrication technique, allowing for the direct creation of ultrafine L10-ordered CoPt nanowires with high coercivity on silicon substrates. The technique enables significant improvements in spintronic device fabrication.
A study published in the Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network found that breast cancer survivorship has doubled among Canadian women, with 2.1% of adult females diagnosed with breast cancer and 86% surviving by 2022. The prevalence varies by age group, with senior women having a higher rate of survival.
A pilot study found that a school-based prevention program increased knowledge about child sexual abuse norms and laws, and students' intention to avoid or prevent child sexual abuse with younger children. The program showed promise in building a foundation for prevention.
Research found high levels of sweet and fruit-flavour chemicals in 'tobacco-flavoured' e-cigarette liquids, particularly fruity and caramellic flavour chemicals. The study suggests manufacturers are getting around regulations by using these flavour chemicals in products marketed as 'tobacco-flavoured', raising concerns about their safety.
Researchers propose a new network approach to understand brain function, suggesting that connections between brain regions are key to cognitive tasks. This new view also sheds light on individual variability and can be applied to predict symptoms in patients with brain lesions.
Researchers discovered that glass can undergo a rapid formation of localized liquid regions with higher mobility, leading to a mixed state where parts are liquid and others are glassy. This finding adds new pieces to the description of the complex glass-liquid transition process.
Researchers develop a modular structure design method for a deployable space robot called Cubot to facilitate on-orbit missions. The system can perform tasks such as space debris removal and maintenance with reduced risk and increased efficiency.
The BiCIKL project has reached its halfway stage, launching a European community of key research infrastructures and stakeholders in biodiversity and life sciences. The FAIR Data Place online platform aims to provide scientists with access to all types of biodiversity data 'at their fingertips'.
Researchers at Boston University have developed a novel platform that improves the production of T cells and Natural Killer cells from human induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) using Notch stimulation. This breakthrough has potential clinical applications in oncology, autoimmune diseases, and immunodeficiencies.
A team of scientists developed a new model to overcome optical measurement instruments' diffraction effects, enabling local improvement of lateral resolution and magnification enhancement. The model reliably reproduces measurement results and demonstrates the relative improvement of lateral resolution.
Researchers at Technical University of Munich discovered a material that can be n- or p-conducting by changing the temperature, enabling locally flexible diodes. The material, Ag18Cu3Te11Cl3, displays the desired effect in room temperature ranges.
A new study by prize winner Ann Kennedy reveals that a small population of neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMHvl) exhibit persistent activity when mice engage in aggressive behavior. This scalable and persistent activity is thought to be a mechanism for setting an animal's motivational state.
A study on Sordaria macrospora reveals a defect in the mitochondrial respiratory chain renders the fungus sterile, preventing it from forming mature fruiting bodies and sexual spores.
Researchers found that rapamycin treatment during developmental growth phase decelerates aging rate and extends lifespan in animals. A transient late-life treatment is not effective, but a transient early-life treatment can reprogram aging.
UCR researchers find that modern ventilators overextend certain regions of the lungs, causing stress and damage, unlike natural breathing. They propose a new thick-walled model to better understand pulmonary mechanics and improve ventilation strategies.
Researchers used the parallax effect to measure the height of the volcano's plume, reaching an altitude of 57 km, surpassing previous records. The study provides new insights into volcanic eruptions and their impact on the climate.
Researchers found that current methods for estimating plastic pollution in rivers are flawed, underestimating plastic waste by up to 90 percent. The study suggests new approaches be developed to better model the transport of plastic particles in rivers, taking into account both surface and sub-surface conditions.
Researchers have created a polygenic risk score for pediatric steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome, which is associated with earlier age of onset in children. The score was generated from genetic data and showed promise in predicting the development of the condition.
Researchers at IRB Barcelona found that senescent cells stimulate the immune system to attack tumors more effectively than dead cells. Vaccinating healthy mice with senescent cells reduced tumor growth and improved immune response in animal models of melanoma and pancreatic cancer.
A collaborative study reveals how genes controlling blood vessel cells influence motor neuron development, allowing them to navigate the body's systems. The discovery sheds light on diseases such as ALS and SMA, where motor neuron connections are destroyed.
Researchers found that experiences of early deprivation, such as parental neglect and financial difficulties, were more closely associated with cognitive and emotional functioning in adolescence. Deprivation was also linked to internalizing and externalizing problems, including lower performance on tests of intelligence.
A new study led by University of Cincinnati researcher Trisha Wise-Draper found that immunotherapy treatments may worsen COVID-19 disease in patients with baseline immunosuppression. However, patients who received COVID-19 vaccinations had less severe COVID-19 outcomes.
A research team proposes an AI-powered store layout design framework that utilizes CCTV camera data to understand customer behavior and tailor store layouts to maximize sales. The framework, called Sense-Think-Act-Learn, aims to improve customer satisfaction and increase sales by analyzing facial expressions and behavioral patterns.
Research reveals that high CO2 levels can lead to mineral deficiencies in plants, resulting in less nutritious crops. This affects protein content, particularly in staple crops like rice and wheat, with potential implications for global food security.