A University of Michigan study found that Americans who earned a college degree and took required science courses developed a general level of biological literacy, enabling them to make informed policy judgments about the COVID-19 pandemic. This education gap was particularly pronounced among those with limited scientific knowledge, in...
A new analysis reveals that US adolescent e-cigarette use is increasing in intensity, with a significant rise in nicotine addiction over the past few years. The study found that 2.55 million adolescents use e-cigarettes, and 27.6% of them use it daily.
Research suggests digital marketing of formula milk and commercial baby foods is linked to unhealthy parental feeding practices. Parents exposed to extensive digital marketing were less likely to exclusively breastfeed within the first 6 months and more likely to give their children processed foods and sugary drinks.
Researchers found significant decline in vaccine confidence among adults since pre-pandemic surveys, regardless of age, gender, education, and ethnicity. Post-pandemic participants reported a fall in confidence in vaccines, with nearly one in four experiencing a decrease.
Researchers from LP3 Laboratory developed a light-based technique for local material processing in three-dimensional space of semiconductor chips. They successfully fabricated embedded structures inside Si and GaAs materials, which cannot be 3D processed with conventional ultrafast lasers.
Researchers have developed perennial rice that allows farmers to plant once and harvest up to eight times, reducing labor and costs. The crop provides significant environmental benefits, including improved soil quality and reduced greenhouse gas emissions.
A study by Linköping University finds that current measurement methods are insufficient for reducing emissions and meeting the Paris Agreement's 2°C target. The researchers highlight the need for cheap and easy-to-use methods to track all types of greenhouse gas emissions at a local level.
Researchers found that bypass surgery resulted in a 32% lower risk of major medical events related to CLTI, as well as significant reductions in repeat surgeries and amputations. Adults without optimal veins for the bypass had no significant differences in outcomes between open bypass and endovascular procedures.
A randomized controlled trial found that oral ENT-01 significantly improves constipation and possibly neurological symptoms in persons with Parkinson disease. The treatment is safe for up to 25 days, with a dose-dependent effect that persists beyond the treatment period.
Researchers found that the presence of one Mindbomb1 mutation does not always lead to non-compaction cardiomyopathy, but depends on genetic context provided by other gene mutations. The study identified modifier genes contributing to disease severity and diversity in affected individuals.
VEViD, a physics-based algorithm, corrects poor illumination and low contrast in images captured in low-light conditions. The algorithm improves visual quality for human perception and increases accuracy of computer vision algorithms.
Researchers discovered that a ketogenic diet high in saturated fats can reprogram the mouse immune system, making it better at fighting off infections but more susceptible to systemic inflammatory conditions. The study also found that another type of fat, oleic acid, may be able to counteract the harmful effects of palmitic acid.
A new University of Illinois study reveals that maize prices do not always rise after harvest in Sub-Saharan African markets, with prices falling 16.3% of the time. This uncertainty leads farmers to make decisions based on guesswork, considering storage expenses and risks of spoilage and loss.
Carter School researchers Karina Korostelina and Susan Allen received $499,960 funding from the US Department of State for research on contact theory in democracy and governance. The grant will support their work until September 2025.
A global study found a significant increase in diabetic ketoacidosis cases among children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic. The observed prevalence was significantly higher than predicted, highlighting the need for better public awareness and screening programs.
A study found high concentrations of microplastics in protected areas like Florida Bay, highlighting the need for effective waste management. Coastal lagoons with slow water turnover rates are particularly susceptible to microplastic pollution, posing risks to fish fauna and other organisms.
Researchers reveal insights into the properties of AV3Sb5, a recently discovered family of superconductors, and find that symmetry breaking accompanies the charge-density wave order. The study provides new understanding of time-reversal symmetry breaking in these materials.
A large contact tracing investigation found no secondary cases of monkeypox, informing estimates of exposure risk and postexposure prophylaxis recommendations. The framework's ease of application and cross-setting use has important applications for future infection prevention efforts.
A small clam previously known only from fossils has been found living in the tidepools of Naples Point, California. Researchers identified the species as a new find after comparing fossil records and specimens.
A team of researchers has developed a prototype of a quantum microscope that can see electric currents, detect fluctuating magnetic fields, and even see single molecules on a surface. The microscope uses atomic impurities and van der Waals materials to achieve high resolution sensitivity and simultaneous imaging of magnetic fields and ...
A study found that males younger than 40 years old who received the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine had the highest rates of myocarditis, but overall cases are rare. The study suggests that choosing specific vaccines for certain populations may maximize benefits and minimize adverse events.
New insights into the processing of hormones in the human gut reveal dozens of peptides regulating appetite, bowel movement, and insulin secretion. By studying human intestinal organoids, researchers characterized potentially novel gut hormones, including glucagon, and explored its role in human physiology.
A UNIGE team found an increase in altruism among children returning from summer camps, compared to those who did not participate. These results suggest that holiday camps can be a valuable tool for developing socio-emotional abilities in children.
A study by the University of Gothenburg found that women with inactive inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a higher risk of giving birth prematurely, particularly if they have microscopic inflammation in their intestinal mucosa. This association was not seen for other adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as growth restriction.
Scientists developed a novel exciton with intralayer charge-transfer characteristics in a moiré superlattice, exceeding conventional parameterized models. The discovery has potential applications in optical sensors and communication technology.
Regular use of cholesterol-lowering and diabetes-control drugs may lessen the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in European populations. The pooled data analysis involved 38,694 participants and showed a 15% lower prevalence of any type of AMD with these medications.
A systematic review of digital media's effects on democracy found both positive and negative impacts, depending on the political context. Digital media can increase political knowledge and diversity of news exposure, but also foster polarization and populism in established democracies.
The BEST-CLI trial found that patients who received Bypass had a 32% reduction in Major Adverse Limb Events and 65% fewer major re-interventions compared to Endo. Both treatments were effective, but individualized decision-making is crucial for optimal outcomes.
A large-scale Australian study found that highly processed and refined foods are the primary contributor to rising obesity rates. The 'Protein Leverage Hypothesis' suggests that people overeat fats and carbohydrates due to their strong appetite for protein, leading to an increased risk of chronic disease.
A study published in Science Immunology clarifies the function of tissue-resident memory T cells (Trm cells) in protecting against infection and cancer. Researchers found that CD103+ Trm cells play a less critical role, while CD103- cells are more effective in attacking bacteria upon reinfection.
A research team at Kennesaw State University, led by Assistant Professor Tu Nguyen, has received a $600,000 grant to explore quantum technologies for computing and networking. The project aims to create a new type of computing and networking system that can solve problems faster and more securely than current systems.
A team at the University of Exeter has found genetic changes in a region that controls the activity of the genome, turning on or off genes, which led to the discovery of the cause of Congenital Hyperinsulinism. This breakthrough could unlock new causes of rare diseases and pave the way for improved treatments.
Michael E. von Fricken, an Associate Professor at George Mason University, has received $78,999 from the U.S. Department of the Navy for a project to determine the threat of detection-resistant malaria and arboviruses in Haiti. The study aims to develop sampling approaches, analyze findings, and generate reports documenting progress.
The study found that the willingness to use video telehealth increased overall from 51% in February 2019 to 62% in March 2021. Subgroups with the lowest levels of willingness, such as Black adults and adults with less than a high school education, saw significant increases in their willingness to use video telehealth.
A recent study shows that eight weeks of exercise can restore the brain's insulin sensitivity in severely overweight adults, leading to improved metabolism and reduced visceral fat. This opens up new therapeutic possibilities for reducing obesity and diabetes risk factors.
A new study aims to understand how an air quality alert system can help reduce the health risks posed by wood smoke in communities. Researchers are collecting data from participants who use Burner Alert, a UK-first system that provides real-time pollution levels and recommendations.
A new study by NYU researchers reveals that our brains use a 'time-stamp' mechanism to process the order of incoming sounds, allowing us to correctly recognize words being said. The brain achieves this feat by correlating different neural populations with specific speech sounds and time-stamping each sound with its relative order.
A new study found that rapid optimization of oral heart failure medications reduced the risk of dying or being readmitted for heart failure within six months after discharge. The STRONG-HF trial enrolled over 1,000 people hospitalized for acute heart failure and showed significant improvement in outcomes with high-intensity care.
The studies will provide evidence for a new global approach to valuing natural habitats and evaluate biodiversity in marine and urban areas. They aim to deliver on the recommendations from the Government's Dasgupta Review and support nature recovery and halt biodiversity loss.
A Simon Fraser University study found that Americans are more likely to share COVID-19 misinformation online compared to four other English-speaking countries. The polarized political landscape and populist attitudes in the US contributed to this phenomenon.
A study found that fearful cats tend to display excessive grooming and aggression towards humans. Early socialization with humans is crucial in reducing fearfulness and related behavioral issues in cats. The research also discovered a correlation between litterbox issues and aggressive behavior in households with multiple cats.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo discovered that yeast releases toxins to kill its own clones and surrounding microorganisms when starved of glucose, a phenomenon called latecomer killing. This behavior helps yeast survive mass starvation and aids in the selection of toxin-producing offspring.
Researchers at UCalgary have discovered a potential new treatment for fibrosis, a condition that causes thickening of the gut wall and life-threatening blockage in people with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The study suggests that drugs targeting specific sensors may prevent inflammation-associated gut blockage.
A comprehensive study compared the accuracy of human speaker identification with that of an automatic-speaker-recognition system. The forensic-voice-comparison system performed better than all tested listeners, including judges and jurors. This finding has significant implications for courtroom proceedings.
Researchers propose that delayed recoveries in COVID-19 patients may be due to a protective response from their brains, similar to those seen in animals exposed to extreme conditions. This theory could lead to new approaches for ICU sedation and recovery from disorders of consciousness.
Researchers at Stockholm University developed a fully automatic method to categorize English smell words into offensive, malodorous, fragrant, and edible smells. The study's findings have great potential for standardizing vocabularies in the food and perfume industries.
Researchers have developed a novel strategy to induce the effects of growth factors and cytokines with enhanced retention in brain tissues. The 'lasso-grafting' technique enables the design of protein therapeutics with desired stability and controllable pharmacokinetics.
Scott Glaberman at George Mason University received a grant to improve the phytohemagglutinin assay for assessing immunity in amphibians. The project aims to determine how pollution affects amphibian vulnerability to disease, benefiting conservation efforts.
Researchers have developed self-sufficient, three-dimensionally deforming material systems with integrated actuators and sensors. These systems improve robustness and enable customisation of complex patterns at desired locations.
A University of Colorado study reveals aggressive behavior towards caregivers is a significant issue in Parkinson's disease, with factors including grief, loss of motor symptoms, and cognitive fluctuations identified as contributing to the problem. The research also highlights the impact on caregivers' mental health and relationships.
Researchers found emerging organophosphate esters (OPEs) at higher concentrations than legacy brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in settled dust from informal end-of-life vehicle recycling sites in Vietnam. Chlorinated OPEs were specifically identified as a major contaminant, possibly released from vehicle upholstery and fabrics.
A survey study of 151,000 students found that e-cigarette users were more likely to initiate tobacco use within minutes of waking. This increase in intensity and addiction is a concern, emphasizing the need for clinicians to address youth nicotine addiction during clinical encounters.
Researchers at Georgia Tech discovered that wingless springtails control their jump, self-right in midair, and land on their feet due to their unique appendages for jumping and adhesion. This unique posture creates aerodynamic torque, effectively self-righting them within 20 milliseconds.
A genetic test known as chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) may be able to identify the cause of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) or its counterpart in older children, known as Sudden Unexplained Death in Childhood (SUDC). CMA identified deletions or duplications of DNA segments in 14% of deceased infants and toddlers up to 28 mon...
A meta-analysis of over 600,000 patients found that psychological distress assessed with brief questionnaires was associated with nearly a 30% greater risk of cardiovascular disease. The screening process can be easy and efficient for healthcare providers without significant psychology training.
Two billion people globally rely on mountain water for drinking and irrigation, which is under threat due to global heating. Researchers propose integrated water strategies that include scientists working directly with communities to drive climate adaptation and boost water security.
Researchers at UQ's Queensland Brain Institute found a causal relationship between lack of oxygen to the brain during sleep and Alzheimer's disease in mice. CPAP treatment for obstructive sleep apnea may prevent cognitive impairment and neuron death, reducing dementia risk.
A team of 70 scientists warns that climate change will drastically reduce the ability to build a sustainable future based on healthy ecosystems. Insects face extinction and ecosystem disruption due to global warming and extreme weather events.
A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found that specific immune system biomarkers are linked to the acquisition of both HIV and genital herpes. The researchers identified unique predictors for each disease, providing new targets for preventive treatments.
Researchers found significant immunological differences mediating sex differences in COVID-19 responses. Infected females had higher rates of symptoms but lower viral loads, with stronger immune response gene expression and molecular signatures.
Researchers at MIT's Picower Institute suggest that Covid-19 patients in comas may enter a protective hibernation state to shield cells from oxygen scarcity. This hypothesis is supported by observations of cardiac arrest patients treated with hypothermia and the painted turtle, which also enters a similar state during prolonged anoxia.
A new study by UCL researchers found that tailoring whole genome sequencing analysis to individual patients can double the diagnostic rates of rare diseases. The personalised approach increased the diagnostic rate from 16.7% to 31.4%, detecting potential disease-causing variants in a further 3.9% of patients.
A team of researchers led by Francesco Fedele investigated the extreme sea states and potential hazards for ship navigation in the eastern Mediterranean. They developed a novel theory of space-time wave extremes, indicating that rogue waves do not 'steal' energy from neighboring waves.
A new study from Rice University found that Latino communities are hesitant to get vaccinated against COVID-19 due to concerns over side effects and mistrust of health officials. The study, which focused on communities near the U.S.-Mexico border, found that 44% of community health workers reported patients believing vaccines can have ...
A new study found that a personalized 'precision' testing approach for people with stable chest pain led to more efficient evaluations and improved diagnosis of coronary artery disease. The approach involved assessing cardiovascular risk factors to identify low-risk individuals who may not benefit from further testing.
A team of Lehigh University researchers is investigating the role of online media in shaping facts and influencing behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. The project aims to better understand how individuals and communities develop their understanding of major events, ultimately acting on that understanding.
A new study by Virginia Tech geobiologists reveals that a major loss of diversity occurred during the Ediacaran Period, resulting in an 80% extinction of animals. The researchers attribute this event to decreased global oxygen availability, suggesting that environmental controls played a role in shaping animal life on Earth.
Researchers report a promising new approach that involves altering sugar molecules on the surface of cancer cells in mice, leading to a significant increase in anti-tumor immune response. The study focuses on sialic acid sugars, which are also present on healthy cells and play a role in cell-to-cell communication.
Eczema affects 10-20% of Canadian infants, making it a common condition to manage. Optimally managing atopic dermatitis in infants is crucial, as it impacts the whole family.
Despite declining coral, fish, seagrass, and manatees in the Florida Keys, sea urchin populations have remained relatively stable since the 1960s. These marine animals are essential for maintaining healthy environments by cleaning, ventilating, and enriching sediment.
The U.S. Department of Energy has awarded Oregon State University a grant to explore a new, high-energy-density battery that does not rely on rare elements like nickel and cobalt. Preliminary results show the battery can deliver comparable energy density using cost-effective materials.
A study of 104 domestic pigs found that a bystander pig can intervene to reduce aggressor attacks or victim anxiety after conflict. Reconciliation behavior was more common among distantly related pigs, indicating they may prioritize social support over family ties.
A recent study found that restoring blood flow to the legs through bypass surgery or stent placement reduced pain and improved quality of life for people with peripheral artery disease (PAD). The Best Endovascular versus Best Surgical Therapy for Patients with Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia Trial enrolled 1,830 participants and foun...
A new study by University of Texas at Dallas researchers found that bundling zero-marginal-cost products can lead to increased piracy and loss of profits. In the presence of piracy, mixed bundling is not necessarily a better strategy, and manufacturers should reassess the efficacy of bundling in markets where piracy is a concern.
Scientists at Ural Federal University have developed a sensor device that determines cholesterol levels without using enzymes. The system uses copper chloride, making the process cheaper, easier, and faster than traditional methods.
A recent analysis of the Family Heart Database found that individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia are more likely to receive adequate treatment if they are White, male, and have higher income or education. The study highlights a significant unmet need for improving equity in cardiovascular risk reduction.
The University of Tsukuba researchers developed a machine-learning model to predict undertriage in phone-based triage systems. The model identified risk factors such as age, sex, and comorbid conditions, which can be used to update protocols and improve patient outcomes.
The USC Annenberg School's new Center for Climate Journalism and Communication provides critical training to professionals across media and communication sectors. The center's programs aim to enhance the impact of climate storytelling, supporting action that preserves the planet's health.
Researchers found that propofol decreases intracellular transport of proteins in neurons, impacting vesicle movement and axonal delivery. This study contributes to understanding how propofol causes anesthesia and may lead to the development of better anesthetic drugs.
Researchers analyzed 200 overdose events in Rhode Island city, finding police were last to arrive at scene in most incidents. Arrests were extremely rare, with only 1% of cases involving law enforcement presence due to safety concerns.
Researchers develop Janus Bi, a platform for creating highly asymmetrical nano-architectures with 2D materials, inspired by nature's efficient light transformation processes. The project aims to produce scalable nanotechnological objects with light conversion capabilities.
A new class of drugs has been developed and successfully tested to treat resistant hypertension. The trial shows a significant fall in blood pressure in patients who did not respond to usual medications. Baxdrostat works by preventing the body from making aldosterone, a hormone regulating salt levels.
Letrozole, a breast cancer treatment drug, shows promise in suppressing liver fibrosis through inhibition of the CTGF pathway and reduction of Hsd17b13 expression. This repurposed approach may lead to new treatments for liver disease.
A team of researchers from Rice University, Baylor College of Medicine, and Northern Illinois University are developing an open source system called FLASH to objectively measure children's screen-viewing behaviors. The five-year grant includes funding for three long-term studies on the impacts of screen use on young children.
A new study from Penn State found that crowded emergency departments are associated with higher mortality rates throughout the hospital. On days when an emergency department is crowded, patients are 5.4% more likely to die of any cause, regardless of their admission status.
A new study explores the ethics of disclosing Alzheimer's disease biomarker information to cognitively unimpaired research participants, highlighting conflicting norms and nuanced policy recommendations. The authors suggest policies for disclosure in various research settings, emphasizing the need to prioritize participant well-being a...
A study found that higher levels of glutathione in the nucleus accumbens correlate with better performance in motivation tasks. Nutritional interventions targeting GSH levels may improve motivation by modifying behavior and facilitating effortful endurance.
Researchers at CNIO have identified epigenetic changes, specifically DNA methylation, as a key mechanism behind resistance to proteasome inhibitor drugs in multiple myeloma. This finding suggests that methylation levels in the PSMD5 gene can predict treatment response and potentially reverse resistance.
A recent study by 70 scientists highlights the devastating effects of climate change on insects, which play critical roles in ecosystems. Gradual warming and extreme events harm insects, affecting their physiology, behavior, and interactions with other species.
A team led by Prof. Leonardo Degiorgi reveals the electronic environment of PrAlGe, which favors an unusually large anomalous Hall conductivity at low temperatures due to correlated Weyl states. They propose a suitable experimental approach to trace the relevant ingredients of the electronic structure.
A new label indicating responsible antibiotic use (RAU) in dairy milk could entice conventional farmers to minimize antibiotics, with half of US adults willing to buy RAU-labeled milk. The price point would need to be competitive with conventional milk, but consumers are more willing to pay for the label.
A new study reveals huge gaps in data on how communities use mountain water sources, complicating efforts to model future scenarios. The researchers emphasize the need for improved data and process understanding to guide effective climate change adaptation.
A study published in Current Biology found that undetectable very low frequency sound increases dancing at a live concert, with participants moving 12% more when the speakers were on. The researchers speculate that this is due to physical processes affecting the motor system and brain mechanisms involved.
Researchers have demonstrated a power-efficient component for demultiplexing operation using silicon photonic MEMS, enabling efficient wavelength demultiplexing for fiber-optic communications. The compact footprint of the add-drop filter allows fast operation compared to established MEMS products.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new approach to improve the energy density of nonrechargeable batteries, enabling up to a 50% increase in useful lifetime. The new design uses a fluorinated catholyte material that reduces dead weight and improves safety.
A review article breaks down dryland dynamics and discusses key drivers of shifts in vegetation, highlighting the importance of hydrological processes. The study suggests prioritizing holistic approaches to dryland management under increasing climate and anthropogenic pressures.
Research from Thomas Jefferson University shows adding sensory integration assessments can help guide therapeutic activities for individuals with autism. The assessments provide new information on deficits in multiple and varied categories of sensory integration, which are not recognized by current diagnostic tests.
Researchers from West Health push for elevating telehealth standards to ensure remote care meets the needs of older adults, including person-centered and equitable access. The authors propose a framework with guard rails to prevent low-value care and health inequities, while improving access to high-quality, timely, and convenient care.
Researchers found that patients who received automated text messages from their primary care team after discharge had a significant decrease in hospital readmission (55%) and emergency care use (41%) compared to those who did not receive the texts. This study adds to evidence that connecting with patients through text messaging can hel...
Research at American Heart Association Scientific Sessions 2022 found that bypass surgery improves blood flow to legs and feet, reducing major amputations and repeat procedures by 65% and 27%, respectively. The study of 1,830 patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia concluded that surgical bypass is a better option for those wit...
The Subduction Zones in Four Dimensions (SZ4D) initiative aims to improve understanding of subduction zone hazards through a collaborative effort. The plan involves deploying new instrumentation and developing more accurate models to predict large earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and landslides.
A new comprehensive guideline, C-CHANGE, offers 83 actionable recommendations to prevent and treat cardiovascular disease in Canadian adults. The updated resource incorporates new or revised recommendations from 11 guideline groups, addressing key risk factors such as dietary habits, smoking, and physical activity.
Researchers identified how SARS-CoV-2's Nsp6 protein damages heart cells, hijacking their metabolism to cause damage. A drug, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, reduced this damage by blocking sugar metabolism, offering a potential treatment for long-term COVID-19 complications.
Screen time increased by 52% during the pandemic, with significant increases for individuals ages 12-18 and handheld devices/personal computers.
Researchers at Seoul National University and Princeton University have discovered a new type of self-generated plasma current in a tokamak, which could enable long-pulse fusion operations. The new current source was found to comprise up to 30% of the total plasma current and appears when turbulence is relatively low.
Researchers found that overexpressing matriptase reduced myeloma cell proliferation and inhibited migration. Matriptase also blocked Src kinase activation, supporting its potential as a tumor suppressor in multiple myeloma. The study provides new insights into the role of matriptase in hematological malignancies.
A higher urine-to-plasma urea ratio is associated with faster decline in eGFR and development of kidney failure in patients with common forms of CKD. This biomarker may improve risk prediction, particularly in low-cost, easily measurable assays.
A new study by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found that buildings renovated with healthier furnishings had significantly lower levels of PFAS than those with conventional furnishings. The researchers analyzed dust in indoor spaces and found that organic fluorine levels were also lower in the healthier spaces.
A study reveals female false widow spiders disseminate pheromones through their webs, adjusting the pH level of silk to lure males and deposit courtship-inducing pheromone components. This sophisticated method involves slowly breaking down pheromone components to attract males.
A large international clinical trial found that fenofibrate had no significant effect on COVID-19 outcomes, including disease severity and death. The study included 701 participants and was led by Penn Medicine scientists.
A new system to create personalized workouts and 'prescribed' exercises has been unveiled, with results showing greater improvement in endurance and long-term benefits. The approach, based on 'critical power,' aims to provide predictable results for each individual's exercise, helping people achieve their fitness goals.
A national study published in The New England Journal of Medicine finds that early intervention with catheter cryoablation can halt disease progression and reduce serious health risks. Cryoablation is more effective than antiarrhythmic drugs in reducing the risk of persistent AF, hospitalization, and adverse events.
Scientists review natural structures with exceptional properties, such as wood, bones, spider webs, and sea sponges. These hierarchical structures can be used to design innovative materials for vibration damping and acoustic wave control.
A new model accounts for the interplay of forces acting on newborn planets, explaining two puzzling observations: the radius valley and peas in a pod. The research suggests that giant impacts, like the one that formed our moon, are probably a generic outcome of planet formation.
The age-adjusted prevalence of dementia declined from 12.2% to 8.5% among people over 65 between 2000 and 2016. Education was a key factor in the reduction, explaining 40% of the decline among men and 20% among women.
A new study found that children with four copies of the SMN2 gene who received pre-symptomatic treatment showed no symptoms, while untreated patients developed irreversible symptoms. The researchers recommend encouraging early intervention in childhood for these patients to avoid potential deficits.
Researchers used AI to automate the process of analyzing X-ray snapshots of materials, accelerating the technique by ten times on its own and 100 times with improved hardware. The new method can extract information from a range of previously inaccessible materials, including high-temperature superconductors and quantum spin liquids.
Researchers at Osaka University identified T-cadherin as a factor that feeds back a lack of insulin to pancreatic β cells, inducing their proliferation. This finding suggests a potential new treatment for diabetes by targeting T-cadherin.
A new study found that ultraprocessed foods contributed to 57,000 premature deaths in Brazil in 2019. The study estimated the impact of reducing UPF intake and suggested that limiting consumption could prevent approximately 5,900 to 29,300 premature deaths annually.
A study has identified a subset of early-stage melanoma patients with almost no risk of death, potentially contributing to overdiagnosis. The researchers used cancer registry data and developed models to identify patients with a very low risk of mortality.
Research finds that lianas more frequently infest smaller trees in Southeast Asian forests, hindering their growth. This study transforms understanding of tropical forests and their role in the global carbon cycle. Lianas' impact on climate change is significant due to their ability to reduce carbon uptake and storage.
A study by Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center found that divisive political events negatively influence factors related to public mood, well-being, and alcohol consumption. Participants reported reduced sleep quality, increased stress, negative mood, and higher alcohol use in the days leading up to the election.
Researchers used advanced analytical techniques to identify characteristics indicative of a biological origin in the 3.48-billion-year-old Dresser Formation stromatolites. The study provides unique insights for searching life on Mars, where similar geological processes may preserve biosignatures.
Researchers used DNA barcoding to track breast cancer cells over time, finding that some cells can suppress killer T-cells and reduce MHC1 expression to evade the immune system. This study suggests epigenetic mechanisms may play a role in cancer cell adaptation and provides potential targets for therapies.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science found that chronic social defeat stress (cSDS) induced mice showed higher intestinal transit ratio and visceral pain-related behaviors, similar to IBS. The study suggests that prolonged psychological stress can cause IBS-like symptoms in mice without intestinal lesions.
Researchers conducted the largest clinical trial to date of psilocybin, finding a statistically significant rapid reduction in symptoms of depression. The study suggests that COMP360 psilocybin with psychological support could be an effective treatment strategy for people with treatment-resistant depression.
A new study warns that climate change will negatively impact mountain landscapes and human activity, increasing risks of natural hazards like avalanches and river floods. Mountain communities are also affected, with traditional practices like transhumance and agriculture dying out due to changing weather patterns and water scarcity.
A new ceramic material with excellent oxygen storage capacity has been developed by Tohoku University researchers. The material can remove toxic gases from exhaust emissions at lower temperatures than current materials, making it a promising solution for improving air quality in petrol and diesel vehicles.
Researchers at North Carolina State University developed a CRISPR-based system that uses engineered bacteriophages to deliver genetic payloads to specific bacteria, even in complex environments. This technology enables precise single-letter changes to the genome without double-strand DNA breakage.
The ASU-led SW-IFL aims to understand complex relationships between extreme heat, atmospheric pollutants, and limited water supply on vulnerable urban subpopulations. The integrated field laboratory will combine high-resolution data, advanced computer modeling, and community engagement to create regionally specific predictive tools.
Researchers developed a new approach to fabricate multilayered ceramic membranes with ceria-based thin-film for stable hydrogen production. The interface-reaction-induced reassembly method resulted in highly dense and adherent layers with reduced ionic transport resistance, enabling long durability (>1000 hours) in practical conditions.
Researchers found that extracts from hop flowers can inhibit the clumping of amyloid beta proteins, associated with Alzheimer's disease. The Tettnang hop extract showed potent anti-aggregation and antioxidant properties, promoting the body's ability to clear out misfolded proteins.
Scientists have established a physical model of Berry-curvature-dominated linear positive magnetoresistance (LPMR) in topological materials, providing experimental evidence for the mechanism. The study used cobalt disulfide as a material candidate and proposed temperature-dependent equations that fit previously reported data.
A significant increase in COVID-19 pandemic-related demand for adolescent eating disorder (ED) care was observed, outstripping available resources. The study emphasizes the need for enhanced ED prevention strategies and improved workforce and program capacity to address this growing concern.