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Science News Archive 2023 - Page 21


Page 21 of 444

“On-demand” HIV prevention method for women being tested in second early phase trial

The TAF/EVG fast-dissolving vaginal insert is being evaluated in a Phase 1 study to determine its safety and user acceptability. The study aims to assess the product's effectiveness as an on-demand HIV prevention method for women, particularly those who do not want or can't use daily PrEP or long-acting products.

SourceMATRIX: A USAID Project to Advance the Research and Development of Innovative HIV Prevention Products for Women·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateDec 7, 2023
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

NIH clinical trial of tuberculous meningitis drug regimen begins

A six-month multidrug regimen is being evaluated against the standard nine-month treatment for adults and adolescents with tuberculous meningitis. The trial aims to generate evidence that could lead to improved treatment options and reduced mortality rates, particularly for high-risk groups such as pregnant women and adolescent children.

SourceNIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases·DateDec 7, 2023

Ancient stars made extraordinarily heavy elements

Researchers found that ancient stars created elements with atomic masses greater than 260, challenging current knowledge. This discovery provides insight into the process of heavy element formation in stars and could help explain the diversity of elements on Earth.

SourceNorth Carolina State University·JournalScience·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateDec 7, 2023

Study: International scientists believe lack of women in physics tied to personal preference, but viewpoint ignores gender norms

A new study by Rice University researchers examines how scientists' social identities and national context shape their explanations for gender inequality in science. The study finds that viewing women's decisions to pursue careers in physics as individual choices may diminish efforts to promote gender equality in STEM fields.

SourceRice University·JournalGender Work and Organization·TypeSurvey·DateDec 7, 2023
Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply

Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply powers sensors, microcontrollers, and test circuits with programmable rails and stable outputs.

Ancient Balkan genomes trace the rise and fall of Roman Empire’s frontier, reveal Slavic migrations to southeastern Europe

A multidisciplinary study reconstructs the genomic history of the Balkan Peninsula during the Roman Empire's reign. The analysis reveals a large demographic contribution of people of Anatolian descent, highlighting the cosmopolitanism of the Roman frontier and the long-term consequences of migrations.

SourceSpanish National Research Council (CSIC)·JournalCell·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 7, 2023

Trees in wetter forests more sensitive to drought than trees in drier regions – a finding with policy implications

A recent study analyzing tree ring measurements from 122 species found that trees in wetter forests are more vulnerable to drought than those in drier regions. This suggests that land management policies focused solely on drier regions overestimate the resilience of forests in wetter areas.

SourceAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)·JournalScience·DateDec 7, 2023

Children born moderately early are at an increased risk of developmental disorders, according to new research

A new study found that children born moderately early are at an increased risk of developmental disorders, including language delay, cognitive impairment, ADHD, and cerebral palsy. The study analyzed data from over 8 million children and identified a small but significant increase in risk for most developmental disorders.

SourceUniversity of York·JournalPEDIATRICS·TypeMeta-analysis·DateDec 7, 2023
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Patients with HR-positive breast cancer may use fertility preservation and assisted reproductive technologies without increased risk of recurrence

A study found that patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer who paused endocrine therapy to conceive did not experience worse short-term recurrence rates. Cryopreserved embryo transfer was associated with higher pregnancy rates, and younger age and menstrual cycles returning after pausing therapy were linked to improved ou...

SourceAmerican Association for Cancer Research·DateDec 7, 2023

How ChatGPT could help first responders during natural disasters

Researchers developed a geoknowledge-guided GPT model that extracted location data from Hurricane Harvey tweets with an accuracy rate 76% better than default models. The model recognized complete location descriptions, enabling first responders to reach victims more quickly and potentially saving lives.

SourceUniversity at Buffalo·JournalInternational Journal of Geographical Information Science·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateDec 7, 2023

New research demonstrates beef meals result in higher muscle protein synthesis rates than vegan meals

A new study published in the Journal of Nutrition found that consuming whole food omnivorous meals with lean beef resulted in significantly higher muscle protein synthesis rates compared to isocaloric and isonitrogenous vegan meals. The research, conducted on healthy older adults, demonstrated a 47% increase in muscle protein synthesis...

SourceMaastricht University Medical Center·JournalJournal of Nutrition·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateDec 7, 2023

Thermal impact of 3D stacking photonic and electronic chips

The study found that 3D integration can lead to significant heat spreading and crosstalk, reducing heater efficiency by up to -43.3% and increasing thermal crosstalk by up to +44.4%. However, optimizing design variables, such as spacing between µbumps and interconnect linewidth, can minimize the thermal penalty of 3D integration.

SourceSPIE--International Society for Optics and Photonics·JournalJournal of Optical Microsystems·DateDec 7, 2023
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

Cracking 6mA code to enhance lipid accumulation in microalgae

The study reveals the critical role of 6mA in lipid accumulation in Nannochloropsis oceanica under high light conditions. Disruption of 6mA levels affects gene expression and biomass production, highlighting its importance in optimizing microalgae for industrial uses.

SourceChinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters·JournalPlant Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 7, 2023

The mechanism of ferroptosis and its related diseases

Ferroptosis is characterized by lipid peroxidation, iron-dependent oxidative stress, and distinct morphological alterations. Recent research highlights the importance of compounds in targeting ferroptosis for therapeutic applications.

SourceSichuan International Medical Exchange and Promotion Association·JournalMolecular Biomedicine·TypeLiterature review·DateDec 7, 2023

Magnetization by laser pulse

Researchers at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf have identified a promising phenomenon where certain iron alloys can be magnetized using ultrashort laser pulses. The team has now expanded its findings to an iron-vanadium alloy, revealing a new class of materials with potential applications in spintronics and magnetic sensors.

SourceHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf·JournalAdvanced Functional Materials·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 7, 2023

Training algorithm breaks barriers to deep physical neural networks

Researchers have developed an algorithm to train an analog neural network just as accurately as a digital one, decreasing energy consumption and eliminating the need for a digital twin. This approach is more biologically plausible and shows improved speed, robustness, and reduced power consumption compared to other methods.

SourceEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne·JournalScience·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 7, 2023
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Artificial intelligence for aging research in cancer drug development

Researchers leverage AI to analyze healthcare data and identify new targets for effective therapies and accelerate drug development in aging research. AI can tailor cancer treatment more precisely to individual patients' unique aging profiles, optimizing treatment outcomes and minimizing risks.

SourceImpact Journals LLC·JournalAging-US·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateDec 7, 2023

Cocoa extract supplement found to have benefits for cognition among older adults with lower diet quality

A new study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition suggests that taking cocoa extract supplements containing 500 mg of flavanols daily may improve cognitive function in older adults with lower habitual diet quality. In contrast, participants with healthy dietary patterns showed no cognitive benefits.

SourceMass General Brigham·JournalAmerican Journal of Clinical Nutrition·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateDec 7, 2023

BU researchers determine the structural basis for ApoE-Aβ interactions

The study reveals that apoE-amyloid interactions depend on the exact amyloid structure, termed polymorph. The researchers used four different structures of Aβ fibrils from brains of patients with Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases to build models of apoE in complexes with different fibrils.

SourceBoston University School of Medicine·JournalCellular and Molecular Life Sciences·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 7, 2023

Polaritons open up a new lane on the semiconductor highway

Purdue University researchers have found that polaritons can contribute a larger share of thermal conductivity in semiconductors, overcoming phonon limitations. By understanding how to design materials and structures, manufacturers can incorporate these polariton-based nanoscale heat transfer principles into chip designs.

SourcePurdue University·JournalJournal of Applied Physics·DateDec 7, 2023
Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition

Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition is a durable star atlas for planning sessions, identifying targets, and teaching celestial navigation.

New Case Western Reserve University study finds diabetes drug may reduce risk for colorectal cancer

Researchers found that GLP-1 RAs significantly reduced the incidence of colorectal cancer in patients with diabetes, compared to those treated with other anti-diabetic drugs. The study's findings support the need for clinical trials to determine whether these medications could prevent one of the deadliest types of cancers.

SourceCase Western Reserve University·JournalJAMA Oncology·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateDec 7, 2023

Novel stem cell therapy using technology from mRNA COVID-19 vaccines may stimulate natural repair in treatment of chronic and acute liver disease

A new stem cell treatment using mRNA technology from COVID-19 vaccines has shown promise in regenerating liver tissue, potentially reversing chronic and acute liver diseases. The treatment stimulates the natural repair mechanism of the liver by activating specific receptors on stem cells.

SourceBoston Medical Center·JournalCell Stem Cell·DateDec 7, 2023

Discrimination during pregnancy may alter circuits in infants’ brains

A study found that prenatal discrimination and acculturation stress can alter the strength of infant brain circuits, potentially leading to increased risk for mental health disorders. The research suggests a critical role in treating individuals with kindness during pregnancy.

SourceColumbia University Irving Medical Center·JournalNeuropsychopharmacology·DateDec 7, 2023

Having a C-section is related to difficulties with conceiving

Women who have had a C-section may face difficulties conceiving due to reduced fertility and increased risk of labor complications. The study found that women with fertility problems also had more C-sections.

SourceThe University of Bergen·JournalAmerican Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·TypeSurvey·DateDec 7, 2023

How a failure to understand race leads to flawed health tech

A new study on wearable health monitors reveals that a failure to understand race leads to flawed technology, exacerbating existing racial health inequities. The researchers found significant challenges with 'race correction' in health technologies, which assumes biology over system racism.

SourceNorth Carolina State University·JournalHealth Equity·TypeSystematic review·DateDec 7, 2023
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

North Korea and beyond: AI-powered satellite analysis reveals the unseen economic landscape of underdeveloped nations​

A new AI-powered satellite analysis technique reveals the economic conditions of regions with limited data, such as North Korea. The approach combines human input with machine learning to provide detailed economic maps and monitor progress towards Sustainable Development Goals.

SourceThe Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)·JournalNature Communications·TypeMeta-analysis·DateDec 7, 2023

World’s first logical quantum processor

A Harvard University team has created the world's first logical quantum processor, which can encode up to 48 logical qubits and execute hundreds of gate operations. This breakthrough is a significant step toward reliable quantum computing and fault-tolerant quantum computation.

SourceHarvard University·JournalNature·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 7, 2023

Improving prediction of advanced breast cancer among women of different races and ethnicities

A study published in JAMA Oncology found that regular screening is not enough to prevent advanced breast cancer diagnoses, particularly among women of color who are overweight or obese. The researchers recommend primary prevention strategies to reduce the number of advanced cancer diagnoses.

SourceUniversity of California San Francisco Medical Center·JournalJAMA Oncology·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateDec 7, 2023

Study: How farmers decide to store or sell their grain

A new study from the University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences examines how Illinois corn and soybean producers make marketing decisions. The research found that farms with lower financial positions tend to store more grain, while bigger and older farms have lower storage costs.

SourceUniversity of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences·JournalAmerican Journal of Agricultural Economics·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateDec 7, 2023
Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope

Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope combines portable Schmidt-Cassegrain optics with GoTo pointing for outreach nights and field campaigns.

Geoscientists map changes in atmospheric CO2 over past 66 million years

Researchers have created a high-fidelity record of atmospheric CO2 levels spanning the last 66 million years, revealing that current concentrations are unprecedented in recent geologic history. The study provides valuable insights into past climate conditions and helps scientists better understand future climate change.

SourceUniversity of Utah·JournalScience·TypeSystematic review·DateDec 7, 2023

COVID-19 pandemic study shows adherence to infection precaution measures among healthcare personnel varies by job role

A new study found that healthcare personnel who had the highest risk of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 were also more likely to report errors in their own adherence to infection prevention measures. The researchers recommend improvements to training and strategy to better protect healthcare workers.

SourceAssociation for Professionals in Infection Control·JournalAmerican Journal of Infection Control·TypeSurvey·DateDec 7, 2023

Working night shifts causes sleep disorders in more than half of workers

A new study published in Frontiers found that working night shifts is associated with a higher occurrence of disordered sleep, particularly among young adults with lower education. The study revealed that 51% of people working nights scored positive for at least one sleep disorder.

SourceFrontiers·JournalFrontiers in Psychiatry·TypeSurvey·DateDec 7, 2023
Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only)

Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only) delivers reliable low-light performance and rugged build for astrophotography, lab documentation, and field expeditions.

Physicists ‘entangle’ individual molecules for the first time, hastening possibilities for quantum information processing

Princeton researchers successfully entangle individual molecules, a breakthrough in quantum mechanics that could lead to faster quantum computers, simulators, and sensors. The achievement overcomes long-standing challenges in controlling molecular behavior, enabling new ways of storing and processing quantum information.

SourcePrinceton University·JournalScience·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 7, 2023

The energy footprint of architecture built by oil

The study reveals that oil-built villas in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries have led to a significant increase in greenhouse gas emissions. The researchers found that while these structures are often energy-intensive, Oman stands out as an exception due to its adherence to Islamic building regulations.

SourceNorwegian University of Science and Technology·JournalEnergy and Buildings·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateDec 7, 2023
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

Nanoparticle magic: fine-tuning gold nanoparticles in tellurite glass for unique photonics

A team of scientists has developed a new approach to form gold nanoparticles in tellurite glasses, enabling precise control over their formation and plasmonic properties. This innovation has potential for real-world impact in exciting photonics research and applications.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournalLight Science & Applications·DateDec 7, 2023

Geographic genomic variation in peptic ulcer disease

A large-scale genome study of over 50,000 patients and 900,000 controls has identified 25 genetic markers associated with peptic ulcers, which may lead to new population-specific treatments. The study also found a link between Helicobacter pylori and peptic ulcer disease.

SourceUniversity of Tokyo·JournalNature Genetics·TypeMeta-analysis·DateDec 7, 2023
Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C)

Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C) keeps Macs, tablets, and meters powered during extended observing runs and remote surveys.

Novel and promising pancreatic cancer organoids for effective screening of anticancer drugs

Researchers developed novel PDAC organoids that resemble the unique tumor microenvironment, enabling effective screening of anticancer drugs. The study used patient-derived cells and hiPSC-derived mesenchymal cells to create two distinct organoid types, one with strong chemo-resistance capabilities.

SourceThe Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo·JournalCell Reports·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 7, 2023
CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock

CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock simplifies serious desks with 18 ports for high-speed storage, monitors, and instruments across Mac and PC setups.

Three proposals from researchers to meet EU climate goals

Researchers propose three methods to meet EU climate goals: a carbon removal bank, extended land use regulation, and clear identification of difficult-to-tackle emissions. These measures aim to incentivize companies and countries to invest in new technologies and reduce emissions.

SourceLinköping University·JournalCommunications Earth & Environment·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateDec 7, 2023

Rochester’s Laser Lab heads new national inertial fusion energy hub

The University of Rochester's Laboratory for Laser Energetics leads a new national research hub focused on advancing inertial fusion energy science and technology. The IFE-COLoR hub aims to overcome laser-plasma instabilities, a major obstacle in achieving efficient laser coupling for inertial confinement fusion.

SourceUniversity of Rochester·DateDec 7, 2023

Unlocking brain secrets: New insights into how our minds control impulses

A team of researchers identified the right inferior frontal gyrus as a key regulator of response inhibition in the brain. The study used dynamic causal modeling and fMRI to explore inhibitory circuits, revealing high intrinsic connectivity within the neural circuit.

SourceWest China Hospital of Sichuan University·JournalPsychoradiology·DateDec 7, 2023
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.