Researchers discovered that methylated cyclodextrin derivatives effectively prevent the crystallization of supersaturated carvedilol and chlorthalidone. The study reveals that these derivatives maintain the supersaturated state by steric hindrance, enabling improved absorption in the body.
A new study by York University researcher Cary Wu found that high inflation rates significantly stress certain sociodemographic groups more than others, exacerbating inequalities in health. Women and individuals with lower incomes reported higher levels of inflammation-related stress.
Researchers have developed TomoTwin, an AI-based software that accurately identifies and localizes proteins in cells using electron cryo-tomography. This innovation expands the potential of cryo-ET to decipher biomolecule functions and unveil disease origins.
Researchers have discovered that toxic proteins, known as tau oligomers, are transported through synapses and contribute to the decline in brain function. The study found small clumps of tau oligomers inside synapses, which can spread through the brain and lead to neuron death.
The statement highlights enormous inequities in stroke care, leading to significant gaps in functional outcomes for historically disenfranchised groups. Upstream interventions, such as policy changes and place-based initiatives, are crucial to address these disparities.
Researchers detected chicken, cow, and human eDNA at all altitudes, as well as common plant-based allergens and pathogenic bacteria. The sterilizable probe enabled mapping of genetic material from potentially all species using aircraft.
A recent study found that gorillas who survived past age 6 were largely unaffected by difficulties they encountered as infants or juveniles. In contrast, young gorillas who experienced multiple forms of early life adversity had a 70% reduction in the risk of death across adulthood. This suggests that gorillas may have a different biolo...
A team of researchers successfully controlled 'trions,' a breakthrough toward developing revolutionary optical communication technology. They used a nanoscale plasmonic waveguide to create high-purity trions, which offer advantages over excitons in practical device applications.
A research team used an improved climate computer model to reproduce the glacial cycle of 40,000-year in the early Pleistocene Epoch. The study found that astronomical forces based on modern state-of-the-art theory drove changes in climate, with small differences in Earth's spin axis orientation and orbit amplitude determining the glac...
A new study by Flinders University highlights the need for targeted clinical research to reduce prolonged hospital stays and mortality rates in patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Despite improvements in survival rates, the disease remains a major concern, particularly in high-income countries.
Researchers found that monkeypox viruses remain infectious for a long time on surfaces, with some concentrations dropping significantly after five days. Disinfectants like alcohol-based and aldehyde-based cleaners reliably reduced the risk of infection.
A survey of over 40 experts found that many panelists infrequently use prognostic calculators and feel that improving consensus on acceptable neurological outcomes would be beneficial. Most panelists believed that a vegetative state or lower severe disability could justify withdrawing care.
A study published in Nature Sustainability predicts the number of farms worldwide will drop from 616 million in 2020 to 272 million in 2100. This decline is linked to a doubling in farm size as people migrate to urban areas, threatening biodiversity and food supply.
A Phase 1 clinical trial has started to test the safety and tolerability of an experimental oral drug called HOPO 14-1 in healthy adults. The study aims to determine how the drug removes radioactive contaminants from the body, which can occur after nuclear accidents or exposure to dirty bombs.
Researchers at Stockholm University developed porous crystals made from pomegranate extract to capture and degrade pharmaceutical molecules in municipal wastewater. The new material, named SU-102, showed promising results in removing pollutants using both adsorption and photodegradation methods.
The FDA approved Recarbrio, an antibiotic 40 times more expensive than a generic alternative, without adequate clinical trials showing substantial evidence of effectiveness. The approval has raised concerns that the agency's standards are being bypassed, and regulatory flexibility may have played a role in the decision.
A novel fluorescence probe successfully quantifies trace components like hydrogen sulfide in whole blood, overcoming autofluorescence interference. The probe uses a borodipyrromethene-based dye that quenches the interfering light, allowing for accurate measurements.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine discovered a strong association between obesity and clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), a blood condition that increases the risk of blood cancer. The study found that obesity causes inflammation, which can lead to rapid growth of mutated blood cells.
Scientists have discovered the first-ever extrasolar radiation belt, orbiting the brown dwarf LSR J1835+3259. The discovery reveals that this magnetic structure is filled with extremely high-energy electrons and charged particles, sparking new questions about the universality of such phenomena.
Researchers have designed a new intercalation-type Li-free cathode that achieves an energy density of >550 Wh kg−1, surpassing existing Li-free transition-metal-based electrodes. This breakthrough offers a solution to address energy density limitations and raw material availability concerns in all-solid-state batteries.
Kelly Chipps, a nuclear astrophysicist at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, has been appointed to the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee. The committee provides official advice to DOE and NSF on issues relating to basic nuclear science research. Chipps brings extensive expertise in nuclear physics and leadership experience to this role.
Researchers at the University of Waterloo have developed a robot system that uses artificial intelligence to track objects, including medication and glasses. This technology has shown high accuracy in locating everyday items, potentially improving the quality of life for individuals with dementia.
Researchers at Brookhaven Lab used pulse radiolysis to study a key class of water-splitting catalysts, revealing the direct involvement of ligands in the reaction mechanism. The team discovered that a hydride group jumped onto the Cp* ligand, proving its active role in the process.
Researchers simulated all known energy states of the carbon nucleus, providing insights into the puzzling Hoyle state and its configuration. The study reveals that protons and neutrons are clustered into groups, creating spatial formations with distinct shapes and energies.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine report well-tolerated CAR-NKT cell therapy with strong antitumor activity in patients with stage 4 relapsed neuroblastoma. The treatment, which targets a molecule found on the surface of neuroblastoma cells, showed encouraging results in three patients with complete and partial responses.
Researchers found turbulent convection powers flows with solid bodies, moving in two directions and rotating together. The study sheds light on the interaction between fluids and solids, offering insights into Earth's inner core and thermal convection.
A national cohort study found that multiple sclerosis (MS) distribution has become more diverse, with white individuals having the highest prevalence, followed by Black and Hispanic populations. The study's results highlight the need for tailored healthcare approaches for diverse patient groups.
Researchers at the University of Arizona Health Sciences have discovered a way to enhance pain relief with opioids while reducing side effects. By inhibiting heat shock protein 90, they found that AMPK can block or reduce pain relief by opioids, providing a new pathway for improved therapy.
A new study links disproportionate siting of PFAS sources near watersheds serving communities with higher proportions of Black and Hispanic/Latino residents. The research suggests that regulating PFAS releases and ensuring safe drinking water is crucial in protecting public health, particularly in vulnerable communities.
A Harvard study reveals unmonitored PFAS build-up and last for centuries at military sites, contaminating groundwater supplies. The lack of regulation on precursor compounds poses significant risks to human health, emphasizing the need for effective remediation technologies.
George Mason University Assistant Professor Chao Luo is proposed $260,000 from NSF for collaborative research on organic molecule structure design concept for low-cost and high-performance organic catholyte materials for non-aqueous Mg-organic hybrid redox flow batteries
A new guide has been created to standardize fossil pollen datasets, enabling researchers to compile and analyze large-scale syntheses of palaeoecological data. The FOSSILPOL workflow and R-package provide a step-by-step process for handling data preparation, ensuring good data quality and minimizing erroneous interpretations.
Researchers developed a new hydrogel material with a Janus structure, combining ultra-lightweight and super-hydrophobic properties for efficient solar desalination. The material exhibits enhanced salt resistance and high mechanical strength.
Researchers developed apochromatic X-ray lenses with sub-micrometer accuracy, achieving focus over an X-ray energy range from 7 to 12 keV. The technology holds promise for laboratory and accelerator-based applications in materials science, energy sciences, and biology.
A recent clinical trial, PLATO, demonstrated that lowering the dose and duration of radiotherapy treatments for anal cancer reduces side effects without compromising cancer cure rates. The treatment involves intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), which allows for personalized doses to be applied to visible tumors.
Researchers from Osaka University discovered a novel material that transitions from a crystal to a liquid when exposed to ultraviolet irradiation, enabling a detailed understanding of the crystal-melting process. The material exhibits changes in luminescence during melting, indicating molecular-level changes in shape.
Researchers identified three main topics: environmental perception, risk assessment and mitigation, and human factors and ergonomics in automated agricultural machines. The study highlights the need for improved sensors and safety standards to address the challenges posed by dynamic environments.
Scientists from Doshisha University, Japan have developed a new electrochemical method to reduce CO2 into multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using molten salts. The study demonstrates a sustainable process for converting CO2 into commercially useful materials without the use of fossil fuels.
A study by the University of Bonn found that paper-based packaging received significantly better environmental scores than bioplastics, but respondents were skeptical about its practicality. Meanwhile, conventional plastic packaging scored worst on eco-friendliness.
A Cornell University-led study using the Tetris game found that players who receive fewer turns perceive their partner as less likable, regardless of whether a human or AI allocates the turns. The researchers also discovered that machine allocation behavior can lead to worse performance and gameplay when fairness is not guaranteed.
Researchers at ShanghaiTech University and Renmin University of China discovered superconductivity up to 32 K in MoB2 under pressure, exceeding previous records. The findings highlight the role of transitional metals in borides' superconductivity and pave the way for exploring high-Tc superconductors.
A longitudinal study using acoustic telemetry monitored rays in clam leases, finding that rays spent more time near sites than reported, but not necessarily preferring them. The study highlights the need to understand if clam leases are part of rays' natural foraging habitats and if they interact with the clams.
A study of 340,000 service members reveals that exposure to trichloroethylene in water may increase the risk of Parkinson disease. Veterans stationed at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune during 1975-1985 had a 70% higher risk of developing the disease.
Researchers at McGill University discovered that phosphatases of regenerating liver (PRLs) are overexpressed in some cancers, making cells more metastatic and driving disease progression. The study sheds light on PRLs' role in binding magnesium transporters, a common pathway among all studied species.
Researchers developed a computational approach to predict diabetic kidney disease using DNA methylation markers from a blood sample. The model can use this information to assess current and future kidney function, enabling early detection and prevention of kidney disease in people with type 2 diabetes.
Researchers have developed a method to analyze regional turbulence structure and estimate turbulence spectra using long time series data from four-site observations. This approach overcomes previous assumptions of steady-state turbulence, horizontal uniform turbulence flux, and constant flux layer, providing more representative results.
A study of 700 participants found that time outdoors doesn't always reduce smartphone screentime. However, visits to nature reserves or forests saw significant declines in screentime compared to urban locations. Participants who visited wilder areas spent more time disconnected from their smartphones and regained attention.
A new study found that coastal light pollution causes corals to spawn one to three days closer to the full moon, reducing the likelihood of fertilized eggs surviving and producing new adult corals. This disrupts the natural spawning cycle, which is critical for reef recovery after mass bleaching events.
A recent study finds that socio-economic development is a key driver of increasing flood risks in West African coastal regions, surpassing the impact of rising sea levels. The research highlights the need for regional coordination to address this issue through conservation and reforms to socio-economic development.
Athletes from less affluent countries face significant barriers in preventing injuries due to lack of health education and medical expertise. A new study reveals stark inequalities in support resources between international competitors.
The Newborn Screening Translational Research Network (NBSTRN) is marking its 60th anniversary with a two-day virtual meeting celebrating advocacy and research in newborn screening. The event will showcase the expansion of NBS to over 80 conditions through new screening, diagnostic technologies, and therapies.
The T32 program has trained 110 fellows in research on aging over the past 25 years, leading to faculty positions, biotech jobs, and scientific publications in top journals. The grant renewal highlights the program's success in increasing human healthspan and its impact on the Bay Area aging community.
Researchers discovered a new genetic variant in the Reelin gene that provides protection from Alzheimer's disease. The variant was identified through clinical assessments, genetic and molecular studies, and neuropathological analysis of two patients with a similar genetic predisposition to developing early-onset Alzheimer's disease.
A new study found that managing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors can help preserve physical function in older adults. The research, led by Dr. Shivani Sahni, showed that vascular measures are associated with grip strength and change in gait speed.
Researchers developed a novel combination therapy that eradicates tumors in select patients, with prolonged survival rates. The therapy has shown promise in treating glioblastoma, a notoriously difficult-to-treat primary brain cancer.
Menopausal hormone therapy is recommended as a first-line treatment for women without risk factors, offering relief from hot flashes and other symptoms. Non-hormonal therapies can also help alleviate symptoms in those with risk factors or preferring alternative options.
Researchers have imaged a double-lobed structure resembling Jupiter's radiation belts around an ultracool dwarf, revealing the presence of high-energy electrons trapped in its magnetic field. This discovery provides a new method for assessing the shapes of magnetic fields on brown dwarfs and exoplanets.
A new study found that over 100 genes linked to schizophrenia risk are associated with the placenta, not just the brain. This could lead to new prevention strategies targeting placenta biology, allowing for early interventions and potentially changing the course of developmental disorders.
Scientists have discovered an ancestral olfactory receptor in the Egyptian cotton leafworm that recognizes the female sex pheromone blend. This finding may lead to the development of new biocontrol methods by targeting specific receptors and blocking pheromone activation.
A new University of Florida study reveals high-quality human DNA in various environments, including beaches, rivers, and air samples. The findings raise significant ethical concerns about consent and privacy, highlighting the need for policymakers to develop regulations.