This study uses the EDCFM method to downscale and bias-correct six CMIP6 GCMs for China's hydrological applications. The results indicate that SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios will bring increased volatility in precipitation, evapotranspiration, and runoff. Multi-year average annual values are projected to increase under these scenarios.
The American Roentgen Ray Society presents its 2023 Honorary Lecture on Advanced High-Resolution CT, dedicated to the late Dr. W. Richard Webb, who transformed thoracic imaging with his foundational work in HRCT. The lecture explores multiple conditions diagnosed via HRCT and the radiologist's role on multidisciplinary teams.
Researchers from Lund University have designed a cocktail of modified antibodies that tag the virus to be eliminated by the immune system. The study found that combining different combinations of these antibodies can improve their function, suggesting a potent clinical effect against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.
A Mayo Clinic study found that people with severe obesity and a genetic pathway variant are at increased risk of developing hypertension. The research identified 168 carriers of the MC4R variant, who had a higher risk of hypertension compared to noncarriers.
Scientists at TUM create genetic reporter proteins that can be resolved by electron microscopy, unveiling invisible cellular structures and processes. The discovery enables further research into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic cell production.
A special report highlights radiology's role in combatting climate change, emphasizing the importance of sustainable practices in healthcare. Radiologists are well-positioned to innovate more sustainable methods of care, such as telemedicine and energy-efficient equipment purchasing.
A study from Tufts University researchers estimates that menu calorie labels can prevent at least 28,000 obesity-associated cancer cases and 16,700 cancer deaths over a lifetime, saving $2.8 billion in healthcare costs. The policy is expected to have the greatest impact on young adults and Hispanic/Black individuals.
A retrospective study found that elevated CA 19-9 and CEA levels were associated with worsened outcomes in duodenal adenocarcinoma patients. The study, which included 68 patients, suggests that these tumor markers may show promise as prognostic tools for this rare malignancy.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology have discovered a new approach to improve the performance of thermoelectric materials by substituting hydrogen for oxygen. This substitution reduces thermal conductivity while maintaining high electronic conductivity, leading to improved thermoelectric conversion efficiency.
A University of Minnesota study found that TikTok can serve as both a haven and a hindrance for users struggling with mental health. The platform offers a sense of self-discovery and community, but its algorithm can repeatedly expose users to harmful content, leading to distressing spirals.
Atrial fibrillation patients typically have an average of five co-existing conditions, including high blood pressure, coronary artery disease, and obesity. The EHRA-PATHS consortium is developing a software tool to improve management of these comorbidities.
Researchers found that a patented microbe, UD1022, protects alfalfa plants from fungal diseases, but it also disrupts the beneficial relationship between plants and rhizobium bacteria. This discovery highlights the complexity of bacteria-bacteria interactions and their impact on plant health.
West Virginia University is launching an innovative in-school mental health program to address a critical provider shortage and youth mental health crisis. The program, called the Mountaineer School-Based Mental Health Fellows Program, will place six advanced counseling graduate students in Harrison County schools each year.
A new study reveals that Antarctic seals' vocalisations decrease significantly when sea ice disappears, affecting their breeding and behavior. The research used underwater microphones to track the seals' acoustic presence over eight years, finding a notable decline in 2010/2011.
Researchers developed an AI algorithm that allows electronic devices to express uncertainty when faced with unexpected data, improving cough detection technology. The new approach enables more precise detection with fewer sound samples per second, reducing computing power and addressing privacy concerns.
A new Dartmouth study examines how changes in precipitation and temperature due to global warming affect streamflow and flooding in the Northeast. The research finds that a warmer climate will lead to increased streamflow and higher flood risk, particularly if soils become wetter and more prone to heavy rainfall events.
A nearly complete sauropod dinosaur skull was discovered in Queensland, Australia, providing valuable insights into the species' anatomy and relationships to other sauropods. The analysis revealed similarities between the 'Ann' skull and that of a titanosaur, suggesting that Diamantinasaurus was one of the most primitive titanosaurs.
Experts review changing context for masking in healthcare settings, highlighting advancements in population immunity and medical countermeasures. They advocate for managing SARS-CoV-2 like other respiratory viruses, ensuring healthcare personnel use masks when necessary.
Edward Chouchani, an associate professor at Harvard Medical School, has been awarded the $50,000 Vilcek Prize for Creative Promise in Biomedical Science. His research focuses on understanding metabolic disease using mass spectrometry and biochemical approaches.
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center is launching a historic Ax-2 mission that aims to produce induced pluripotent stem cells in microgravity for the first time. The upcoming mission will utilize astronauts to generate these stem cells, paving the way for potential treatments and research opportunities.
Using high-throughput experiments and machine learning-based algorithms, researchers forecast the behavior of hybrid perovskites with high accuracy. The study aims to find materials that combine high-efficiency performance with resilience to environmental conditions.
A new machine learning framework called MILI enables accurate multi-person 3D pose and shape representation from low-resolution images. The approach tackles occlusion issues in multi-person scenes with an occlusion-aware mask prediction network.
Researchers at Washington State University have identified the Arrdc5 gene as a potential target for male contraception. The study found that when this gene is inactivated, it causes significant infertility in males, characterized by decreased sperm count, slowed mobility, and distorted shape.
The EBMT has released a comprehensive guide to transplant and cell therapy nursing, providing nurses with essential information on transplant care and current research practices. The new edition includes updates on Covid-19 and a dedicated chapter on cell therapy nursing care.
A recent study in Trends in Ecology & Evolution has identified key characteristics to differentiate insect pollinators from fossil records. The researchers found that a mutualistic relationship involving insect pollination originated at least 163 million years ago, long before the emergence of flowering plants.
New research finds that most corporations that face significant inflation risk have failed to disclose it, causing $0.9 trillion to $2.8 trillion in shareholder damages. Companies with high exposure to inflation risk have seen their share prices drop following inflation shocks.
Researchers found that correctly occluded left atrial appendages minimized left atrial flow stasis and thrombogenicity using 4D flow MRI and 3D phantoms. The study provides a clinical goal for the procedure in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Researchers found that removing ovaries during a benign hysterectomy increases the risk of hospitalization for cardiovascular disease in premenopausal women, but not necessarily for cancer. The study supports current recommendations to conserve ovaries in premenopausal patients at low risk for ovarian cancer.
Patients with depression before or after a breast cancer diagnosis have lower survival rates compared to those without depression. Diagnosing and treating depression at the time of breast cancer diagnosis and beyond is crucial for improved patient care and survival.
A new discovery by researchers at the University of Warwick has found a simple material that can prevent bacterial viruses from contaminating laboratories and microbial factories. This breakthrough aims to develop next-generation industrial biotechnologies and remove a bottleneck in fundamental research.
A team of scientists has proposed a new structure based on silicon photonic grating arrays to generate Bessel Gaussian beams with long propagation distances, measured up to 10.24m. The compact device enables widespread applications in optical communication and micro-manipulation.
Researchers found that identifying and targeting 'supercontactors', including nurses and patients with neurological disorders, can significantly reduce the incidence of MRSA colonization. Simulation studies showed that reinforced contact precautions and vaccination targeting these individuals can be more effective than random selection.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new tool to estimate long-term coastal cliff loss, finding that rates are similar to those over the past 2,000 years. The study's approach provides a relative assessment of driving factors behind cliff retreat over longer periods, with implications for managing coastal erosion.
A London hospital recently took swift action to contain a potential measles outbreak, highlighting the importance of vaccination and prompt contact tracing. The hospital identified nine patients at high risk, including pregnant women and those with severe immunosuppression, and administered post-exposure prophylaxis to those not immune.
A new study by Ohio State University researchers has made significant strides in ensuring the safe and effective transfusion of artificial blood substitutes. The key to improved safety lies in the size of the artificial blood molecule, with larger sizes reducing cardiovascular side effects.
Researchers discovered that coastal marine invertebrates can survive and reproduce on floating plastic debris in the open ocean. This finding suggests a rapid shift in biogeographical boundaries due to floating plastic pollution.
McMaster University researchers developed a rapid and inexpensive test for Salmonella contamination in food, which provides accurate results in an hour or less. The test improves food safety, reduces the cost of processing fresh poultry and other foods, and helps limit broad recalls to batches identified as contaminated.
Scientists discovered a way to regulate the mechanical strength and recoverability of peptide hydrogels by manipulating incubation temperature and time. By controlling droplet formation, they created fibril networks with optimal properties for various applications.
Researchers at UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine discovered that tissue resident memory cells are crucial for inducing a powerful immune response against Salmonella. Molecules like interleukin-1 and 2 enhance the formation of these cells in the liver, providing a rapid-response force.
A new analysis published in JAMA found that poverty is the fourth leading cause of US deaths, claiming an estimated 183,000 lives in 2019 among people aged 15 and older. Poverty was associated with significantly higher mortality rates compared to other causes such as heart disease, cancer, and smoking.
A Phase I trial of CD70-targeting CAR T cell therapy ALLO-316 demonstrates encouraging response rates and disease control rates in patients with metastatic ccRCC. The treatment had a manageable safety profile, with no cases of GVHD or ICANS observed.
A team of researchers from the University of Rochester has discovered a molecule that guides T cells toward tumors, which could lead to improvements in CAR T-cell therapy for breast, lung, and brain cancers. The findings will help scientists develop a drug to manipulate this key protein, ST3GAL1, to ensure T cells hit their targets.
Researchers at UC Davis discovered how oligodendrocyte-lineage cells transfer cell material to neurons in the mouse brain, providing a new mechanism for understanding brain maturation and finding treatments for neurological conditions. This discovery opens new possibilities for treating neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and P...
A new study found that people with long Covid smell loss have reduced brain activity and impaired communication between key smell-processing regions. This suggests a possible link between smell loss and brain changes, which may be reversible through olfactory training.
The green Mediterranean diet significantly regressed proximal aortic stiffness by 15% compared to the healthy Mediterranean diet's 7.3% and control diet's 4.8%. A large-scale clinical trial of 300 participants over 18 months showed the diet's powerful effect on vascular aging physiology.
HBP researchers develop a robotic platform capable of learning as humans do while navigating around a space. The simulated hippocampus alters its own synaptic connections to remember paths, a marked improvement over current methods relying on deep learning.
A new study from the University of Eastern Finland identified 12 cell types involved in CAD pathogenesis. The genetic risk factors for CAD take effect via smooth vascular muscle cells, which change their phenotype as the disease progresses.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have designed a four-legged robotic system that can walk on a narrow balance beam, enhancing quadruped agility and balance. The system employs reaction wheel actuators to provide independent control of the body's orientation, allowing the robot to recover from sudden impacts and disturbances.
A study from Lund University reveals how antibiotic-resistant bacteria acquire resistance through two molecular mechanisms. The researchers identified a novel protein that conveys resistance to specific antibiotics, and found that certain antibiotics induce the production of this factor, providing clues for designing new medicines.
Scientists at UMass Amherst found that migrating birds burn high amounts of protein early in their flights, which then taper off as the duration increases. This discovery challenges previous assumptions about bird migration and fuels further research into the evolution of metabolism.
Jefferson Lab offers a unique opportunity for viewers to explore its world-class facilities, including the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility and superconducting radiofrequency technology. The lab's innovative research and cutting-edge equipment are showcased through interactive videos and a custom-tailored tour.
A recent study found that temperature and extreme drought drive movement among herds of Plains bison, posing challenges for managing the iconic species. The team analyzed GPS-backed evidence from 33 Plains bison across two sites in Oklahoma, revealing a strong link between air temperature and bison movement.
Researchers from NUS Medicine discovered that specific CPS structures and sugar combinations help Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the human respiratory tract. The study sheds light on the importance of CPS structure in bacterial survival, which will inform future vaccine development.
A machine learning program can spot risky conversations on Instagram by analyzing metadata clues, such as conversation length and participant engagement. The system was 87% accurate in identifying risky chats using sparse and anonymous details from over 17,000 private chats.
The National Cancer Centre Singapore has strengthened its position as a leader in shaping local and international clinical trials targeted at improving outcomes for Asian cancers. A pivotal phase III trial co-chaired by a NCCS clinician scientist delivered positive results, increasing recurrence-free survival of patients with hepatocel...
Researchers are investigating whether faecal microbiota transplantation can modulate the immune reaction and alter gut microbiota in early-stage ALS patients. The trial aims to investigate the relationship between specific gut bacteria and their action on immune system cells.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory used x-rays to study the electrons in nickel-based superconducting materials, revealing substantial similarities with cuprate superconductors. The research could help scientists zero in on key features essential for these materials' remarkable ability to carry electrical current.
The American Ornithological Society has honored outstanding contributions to the scientific study and conservation of birds with its 2023 award winners. The recipients represent collaborative work in research, conservation, publications, and service, exemplifying dedication to fostering the next generation of ornithologists.
A study at ECCMID shows AI software can detect TB from chest X-rays with sensitivity and specificity comparable to that of trained radiologists. The technology has the potential to improve diagnosis in low-resource settings where radiologists are scarce.
Despite a parasite killing most males, female monarch butterflies still find mates about 1.5 times on average, suggesting high reproductive success throughout the year round. Uninfected females produce healthy male offspring, allowing the parasite to be transmitted in rare populations.