Scientists at Tokyo University of Science develop a novel technique to evaluate the electric double layer effect, achieving carrier modulation and improved switching response speed control. The EDL effect is reduced with certain electrolytes, leading to faster charging times.
Researchers uncover disorder-driven bosonic superconductivity transition and outline global picture of giant AHE, linking it to unconventional CDW in AV3Sb5 family. The team also finds large AHE mainly occurs at specific point in Brillouin zone due to skew scattering of holes.
Researchers found a connection between arthritis flare-ups and periodontitis, suggesting that regular dental check-ups could help prevent rheumatoid arthritis. The study also identified potential therapeutic targets for cancer, including the use of mouthwash to prevent flares.
A new technology uses light-induced convection to enhance the permeability of cell membranes, allowing for efficient and selective delivery of biofunctional molecules to targeted cells. This results in lower concentrations of drugs needed for testing and potentially reduced costs and faster drug discovery.
A new study published in International Journal of Drug Policy found that widespread naloxone access is not associated with an increase in adolescent lifetime heroin or injection drug use. The research suggests that naloxone expansion may actually lead to decreases in heroin and IDU rates among adolescents.
A team of NYU Abu Dhabi researchers has developed a highly-efficient, organic solvent-free method to convert polyethylene-based plastic bags and polypropylene-based surgical masks into carbon dots. The process can upcycle single-use plastics contaminated with organic waste, reducing harm to ecosystems.
Researchers at UIC hope to understand how the human immune system regulates lung tissue and develop new treatments for conditions like COPD and pulmonary fibrosis. The grant aims to create an infrastructure for collaboration among researchers studying lung endothelial cells and their role in inflammation.
The 57th annual meeting of the Geological Society of America's South-Central Section will take place in Oklahoma, USA, from March 13-14. The event features a diverse program covering various geologic disciplines and includes environmental-related sessions on topics such as hydrogeology and unconventional resources.
A study of nearly 13,000 young US adults found rising diabetes and obesity rates, while hypertension remained stable. The data reveal a high burden of cardiovascular risk factors among this demographic, with Black, Hispanic, and Mexican American individuals disproportionately affected.
Researchers explore alternative methods to overcome obstacles in phage therapy, including species specificity, bioavailability, and infectivity loss. Nanotechnology is being used to detect bacteria and facilitate phage delivery, offering a promising diagnostic tool.
Testing for ApoB protein, which carries LDL cholesterol, may be a more accurate way to test for heart disease risk. Researchers found that ApoB levels positively correlated with LDL cholesterol but showed an increased risk in patients with normal or low LDL levels.
A research team from USTC demonstrated nonreciprocal routing between any two modes with different frequencies using radiation pressure force. They used two optical modes and two mechanical modes to form a closed loop in a microresonator, achieving phonon-phonon, photon-photon, and photon-phonon nonreciprocal conversions.
Scientists have discovered a chemical compound, phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), that holds promise as a therapeutic agent for various autoimmune diseases. PEP inhibits the maturation of Th17 cells, reducing inflammation and resolving symptoms in mouse models.
Researchers developed a new label-free UV microscopy technique that provides superior contrast for cellular-scale biological research. The method uses c-band ultra-violet (UVC) light to enhance image contrast and extract quantitative information from biological samples.
Lung cancer death rates are projected to decrease overall in the EU and UK in 2023, however, a concerning trend is observed among women in France, Italy, and Spain. Meanwhile, pancreatic cancer death rates are forecasted to rise among women due to continued smoking habits.
Satellite observations reveal Antarctic sea ice extent has dropped to a record low of 1.788 million square kilometers, marking a reversal from long-term increasing trend to a decreasing one. This occurrence raises questions about the cause and implications of this change, particularly in light of human-caused global warming.
Researchers have developed AI-based virtual staining technology to digitally generate histological stains, eliminating labor-intensive preparation steps, lengthy turnaround time, high costs, and inconsistent outcomes. This emerging field has the potential to improve diagnosis accuracy and speed patient outcomes.
A new study shows that transcatheter mitral valve repair significantly reduces hospitalizations by almost 50 percent and death by nearly 30 percent in heart failure patients with severe mitral regurgitation. The procedure, using Abbott's MitraClip system, improves symptoms, reduces hospitalizations, and leads to longer survival.
Using risk assessment tools, an 'active' approach to statin selection doubles the rate of appropriate statin use in patients at risk for cardiovascular events. This approach also leads to lower LDL cholesterol and lower rates of major adverse cardiac events.
A recent study found that promoting physical activity and behavioral support can help smokers reduce their smoking in the short-term, but delivering lasting benefits is challenging. The research, which recruited over 900 smokers, discovered that engaging with motivational support had some initial benefits, but only a small percentage o...
A 'keto-like' diet, characterized by low carbohydrates and high fat intake, has been linked to higher levels of LDL cholesterol and a twofold increased risk of cardiovascular events. Regular consumption of this diet was associated with an average increase in blood LDL cholesterol levels over 11.8 years.
Researchers developed a sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor using AuPd@Fe2O3 nanoparticles to detect dopamine. The sensor shows high sensitivity and anti-interference capabilities, making it suitable for detecting dopamine in pharmaceuticals and biological samples.
A recent study by researchers from Australia identified the possible genetic factors underlying the correlation between plant height and seed weight scaling in barley crops. The team found that two distinct genetic mechanisms, pleiotropy and genetic linkage, form the basis of size scaling in barley.
A novel deep brain simulation approach has been developed to treat intractable epilepsy, with the potential to be a safer and more effective treatment than conventional methods. The sequential narrow-field stimulation method accurately detects seizure onset and alleviates symptoms while minimizing side effects.
Researchers at NYU Grossman School of Medicine found that automated systems with alert banners increased MRA therapy prescriptions for heart failure patients by 30%. The system aims to improve care and reduce costs by streamlining medical information in one place. The study tested two notification types, finding that banner-like alerts...
Researchers at the University of Birmingham have developed a new type of high-performance 'phase shifter' that uses a liquid Gallium alloy to control microwave and millimetre-wave radio signals. The prototype testing shows low signal losses and extremely low phase deviation over a wide bandwidth.
A new study published in PLOS ONE found that weight loss surgery significantly improved health outcomes for people with type 2 diabetes and morbid obesity. After 12 months, patients experienced a 24% decrease in body weight and a 24% improvement in blood glucose levels.
A recent study reveals the combined weight of cattle, pigs, sheep, and other domesticated mammals surpasses that of wild terrestrial mammals, dwarfing their biomass by 30 times. Human impact on the environment is also strongly affecting the relatively limited remaining mammalian presence in nature.
The study found that transcatheter edge-to-edge repair achieved a successful repair for nearly 9 out of 10 patients and reduced valve leakage from severe to moderate or less in almost 90% of patients. Patients who underwent the procedure were half as likely to die within one year compared with those in whom the procedure was unsuccessful.
Researchers at Intermountain Health studied nearly 150,000 COVID-19 patients and found a significant increase in chest pain rates six months to one year after infection. Long-term cardiovascular complications may be emerging, Dr. Heidi May notes., Chest pain persisted as a problem despite no major events like heart attacks or strokes.
Researchers from ETH Zurich, Harvard, and Cambridge join forces to study chemical and physical processes of living organisms and environmental conditions for life on other planets. Synthetic cells enable scientists to deconstruct complex systems, understand basic principles of life and evolution.
A Georgetown University study found that black people in rural North Carolina have better mental health than white people, with rural black residents experiencing fewer mentally unhealthy days. The paradoxical finding has implications for addressing mental health disparities in rural areas.
Researchers used a self-developed quantum spin amplifier to detect exotic parity-violation interactions beyond the standard model, improving previous limits by at least five orders of magnitude. The experiment has provided new constraints on dark matter and complemented existing models.
Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University have successfully threaded indium atoms into bundles of transition metal chalcogenide nanofibers, creating a unique nanostructure. The resulting metallic nanowires exhibit properties suitable for flexible wiring in nanocircuitry.
A new study of nearly 136,000 patients found significant increases in depressive symptoms and severity during the COVID-19 pandemic, regardless of infection status. Depression symptoms rose from 45% to 55% of patients between 2016 and 2022, with no difference seen between infected and uninfected individuals.
Researchers have discovered a previously unrecognized mechanism that controls grain number in barley, potentially increasing yield. Approximately 40% of initiated floral primordia set grains, representing untapped yield potential.
A recent study found that global warming is contributing to an increase in ozone pollution, particularly in regions prone to air pollution. High downward surface solar radiation is inducing extra biogenic emissions, leading to longer-lasting ozone events and exceeding World Health Organization guidelines.
Preliminary research found that better sleep health was associated with higher rates of attendance at group interval sessions, adherence to caloric intake goals, and improvement in time spent performing moderate-vigorous physical activity. However, the association between sleep health and physical activity was not statistically signifi...
A new study highlights Asian megacities like Chennai, Kolkata, Yangon, Bangkok, Ho Chi Minh City, and Manila as facing significant risks from sea level rise by 2100. The research incorporates natural sea level fluctuations to show how climate change amplifies this effect, leading to more frequent extreme flooding events.
A study found that time-restricted feeding improves muscle performance in obese fruit flies by upregulating genes related to glycine production and utilization. This approach may provide a natural alternative therapy for managing obesity-related pathologies.
A new model by Imperial College London and University of Lausanne researchers suggests that 'good genes' can sometimes lead to population collapse when males express traits that damage females. This can result in reduced female fecundity or even death, ultimately leading to a decline in population viability.
Researchers have discovered a gene mutation that can block chronic pain and provide protection against other stimuli, including heart and brain cells. The TRPV1 receptor mutation, found in avian species, was successfully transplanted into mice, showing reduced pain sensitivity and improved protective effects.
Researchers are developing wearable robotic arms that can assist with daily living tasks, using non-invasive techniques. This technology has the potential to improve quality of life for individuals with sensory and motor deficits, such as spinal cord injuries or stroke survivors.
Researchers overview recent developments in carbon-based non-noble metal single-atom catalysts (NPM-SACs) for electrocatalytic field, highlighting their low cost and high performance. The team summarizes strategies to optimize NPM-SACs' micro-environment and discusses advances in developing NPM-SACs for various electrochemical reactions.
A recent study on the genetic makeup of grapevine has revealed that it was domesticated around 11,000 years ago in the Near East (Israel) due to a harsh climate. The research team sequenced the genomes of 3525 grapevine accessions and found that the Israeli wild grapevine population is the source for the domestication of table grapes.
A new multicenter study led by Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis found that adding the drug aripiprazole (Abilify) to an antidepressant improves treatment outcomes for older adults with clinical depression that has not responded to standard treatments. The study, published in The New England Journal of Medicine, sho...
A new machine learning model developed by NYU researchers can predict food crises up to 12 months in advance by analyzing news articles and their frequency. The model shows a high correlation between news coverage and on-the-ground occurrences of risk factors, indicating its potential as an early-warning system.
A team of Japanese researchers has developed a novel approach to enhance the fast-charging ability of lithium-ion batteries using a binder material that promotes Li-ion intercalation of active material. This results in high conductivity, low impedance, and good stability, reducing the concentration polarization of Li+ ions.
Researchers have developed a potential treatment for autoimmune encephalitis by creating an NMDA receptor fusion construct that neutralizes pathogenic antibodies. This innovative approach has shown promise in reducing signal transmission to neurons and may lead to improved treatment options for patients with this rare and serious disease.
A Canadian study found that those infected with COVID-19 in the first wave in 2020 were 40% less likely to get infected during the first six months of Omicron activity. Older adults, particularly those aged 65 and above, were significantly less likely to be infected than younger adults.
Researchers at University of Birmingham develop AI diagnostic tool to predict ulcerative colitis flare-ups with 89% accuracy. The system identifies markers of inflammation and healing, providing analytical support for clinicians in managing the disease.
Tumour cells exhibit an innate randomness in their ability to respond to chemotherapy, which can lead to resistance. Researchers identified a marker for resistance and propose combining chemotherapy with drugs targeting this 'noise' to improve treatment outcomes.
Researchers will use data from New IDEAS study to enroll a representative population of patients with memory impairment and their family members. The goal is to better understand the psychological impact of receiving biomarker-informed diagnoses and inform best practices in diagnostic evaluation.
Researchers in China find that a leucine deficient diet has antidepressant effects on chronic restraint stress-induced depression-related behaviors, mediated by hypothalamic AgRP neurons and GCN2 signal. This study provides a new perspective for exploring the relation of nutrition, hypothalamus, and depression.
A study found that Transcendental Meditation significantly reduced stress-related burnout symptoms, such as somatization, depression, and anxiety, in healthcare workers. The technique showed rapid improvements, with mean reductions in anxiety of 62% and emotional exhaustion of 40%, compared to a control group.
Researchers create FMHE with tunable conductivity and stiffness, enabling compensation for robotic manipulators' positional errors. The material's deformation can reset current-liming fuse in case of overload.
Phytochromes play a dual role in seed germination of Aethionema arabicum, stimulating but also inhibiting germination. The study reveals that high light intensity and duration inhibit germination, while short exposure favors germination, indicating a genetic basis for adaptation to environmental requirements.
A study found a significant association between heating complaints and structural fires in NYC, with varying rates across community districts. The results highlighted inequities in safe heating, particularly among Black and Latinx communities.
A $5 million grant from the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service supports a Climate-Smart Sustainability Certificate program for small-scale farmers. The program aims to improve crop production while reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing carbon removal.
A recent study has identified nine new genetic variants that increase the risk of prostate cancer in men of African descent, including a variant linked to aggressive forms. The findings can be used to refine polygenic risk scores and identify high-risk patients for earlier screenings.