A team of researchers discovered a new phenomenon, 'cavity-momentum locking', which allows precise control over quantum scar states in photonic crystals. This breakthrough has significant implications for quantum information, communication, and optoelectronic devices.
Researchers at the University of Basel have questioned Microsoft's claims of detecting Majorana particles, suggesting alternative explanations for the anomaly and superconducting properties detected in experiments. The team's calculations show that disorder in the nanowire could be responsible for the observed effects.
A study from Swansea University and the University of Cape Town tracked the movements of 13 chacma baboons in Cape Town, South Africa. The data revealed that female baboons stopped using urban space after giving birth, suggesting they adapt to reduce risks for their newborns.
Researchers have identified a previously unknown protein called MINAR2, which plays a crucial role in the development of obesity and diabetes. The discovery opens up new possibilities for the development of effective therapies targeting obesity and related metabolic disorders.
Research on white-throated sparrows reveals that the cluster N brain region is activated at night when motivated to migrate and goes dormant during rest periods. This study expands understanding of how animals use the Earth's magnetic field for navigation, shedding light on the impact of human activities on bird migration.
The study provides a detailed map of Urban Heat Islands in Turin, Italy, identifying the population's risk and vulnerable areas. The researchers used an interdisciplinary approach to assess the heat-health nexus, considering factors such as demographic, socioeconomic, health conditions, and environmental context.
A team of researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz studied the collective behavior of small robots and found that they can solve tasks that a single machine cannot. The study uses statistical physics to analyze how the robots interact and move, revealing potential applications in medical and pharmaceutical applications.
Clean technology can help reduce food waste and establish long-term sustainability goals in on-site foodservice providers. Engaging employees in the process is crucial for its success, as it helps measure and quantify waste production.
Researchers at the University of Oklahoma predict that global flash droughts will increase globally, with the largest increases projected across North America and Europe. The study finds that flash drought risk over cropland is expected to increase by 1.5 times in North America and 1.7 times in Europe by 2100.
Researchers develop microrobotic system using magnetic nanoparticles to target and eliminate fungal pathogens, achieving rapid eradication within 10 minutes. The nanozyme-based approach offers a potent and concentrated antifungal effect without affecting uninfected areas.
A 43-year-old male's death in May 2022 is the first UK case associated with Xylazine, a non-opioid sedative and painkiller. The drug, commonly used in veterinary medicine, has been linked to widespread problems in North America due to its ability to lower breathing and heart rate.
The European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) has developed new standards for postgraduate rheumatology training, setting out 28 competencies across seven domains. These include medical expertise, diagnosis and management of individual diseases, and effective communication with patients and colleagues.
A new method for producing biocompatible microfibres with controlled size and shape has been developed at Graz University of Technology, significantly accelerating production and reducing costs. This breakthrough enables the potential for accelerated production of autologous skin and organs, which could be a game-changer for burn victi...
Researchers at RHIC have observed directed flow of hypernuclei, providing insight into hyperon-nucleon interactions. The findings suggest that hypernuclei follow the same mass-scaling pattern as ordinary nuclei, implying similar nucleon-nucleon and hyperon-nucleon interactions.
Researchers at Nottingham Trent University developed a thin film capable of covering all NIR frequency bands using nonlinear metasurfaces. The technology generates new colors via third harmonic generation, opening up possibilities for high-tech imaging and sensing applications.
A study investigated the effect of cancer patients' location during their final hours on survival. The results showed that patients who received treatment and care at home had longer survival times compared to those in palliative care wards, especially when prognosis was expected in months or weeks.
Researchers developed a model that better described human and monkey decision-making under uncertainty, showing that unexpected wins led to increased risk taking. The findings suggest a change in perception of probabilities rather than valuation of rewards.
A new study reveals that defence lawyers struggle to access and review digital evidence, citing limitations in format, presentation, and availability. This can lead to missed information and increased risk of miscarriages of justice.
Dana-Farber researchers present promising results for patients with rectal, brain, and kidney cancers in phase 3 trials. The PROSPECT trial shows neoadjuvant chemoradiation versus FOLFOX chemotherapy offers improved survival benefits for locally advanced rectal cancer patients. Additionally, the INDIGO trial demonstrates vorasidenib's ...
Researchers at University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign found that the absolute internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of InGaN-based blue LEDs can be as low as 27.5%, drastically lower than the standard assumption. The study's results suggest a new approach to measuring IQE, providing a more accurate picture of LED performance.
A team led by Carmen Birchmeier has investigated the process of swallowing in more detail, revealing that sensory cells in the vagus nerve play a key role in detecting mechanical stimuli in the esophagus. This understanding could lead to better treatments for swallowing disorders, including malnutrition and weight loss.
The study reveals significant declines in fish species, particularly sharks and rays, linked to human impacts. Archaeological analysis provides insight into lost environments and informs conservation baselines.
Researchers are exploring the use of large-scale pre-trained vision-language models (PT-VLM) to develop a new methodological framework for harnessing their power. The project aims to identify basic skills required by VisualQA and design methods to augment pre-trained models with additional skills, such as object recognition and spatial...
A team of scientists led by Professor Ivan Đikić and Christian Hübner identified the role of ubiquitin in regulating ER-phagy, a process involved in the degradation of the endoplasmic reticulum. This discovery sheds light on neurodegenerative diseases caused by defective FAM134B and ARL6IP1 proteins.
Researchers identified five subtypes of heart failure using machine learning, including early onset and atrial fibrillation related. These subtypes have different mortality risks, with some patients at higher risk of dying within a year after diagnosis.
Researchers discovered differences in gene expression between Japanese mustard spinach cultivars with white rust resistance and susceptibility. The study identified distinct genes involved in protective responses and salicylic acid signaling in disease-resistant cultivars.
Research suggests that consuming natto can enhance lifespan and stress resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans worms by activating key signaling pathways. This fermented soybean product has been found to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which may contribute to its potential health benefits.
A large study of nearly 10,000 Americans with COVID-19 has uncovered the most common symptoms and potential subgroups associated with long COVID. The research team identified 12 key symptoms that distinguish those with and without long COVID, as well as a scoring system to diagnose and monitor patients.
Researchers studied termite mounds to develop efficient ventilation systems for buildings. The 'egress complex' network enhances air flow, heat, and moisture exchange, maintaining a balanced temperature and humidity inside. This design enables wind-powered ventilation with minimal energy consumption.
Researchers developed an ultrafast laser processing technology based on non-contact microspheres, realizing <50 nm functional nano-patternings on phase change materials. The method achieves a good balance between working distance and feature size, overcoming the optical diffraction limit.
An international research team has found that tree islands in oil palm plantations can significantly increase biodiversity within five years. This method also does not affect the yield of the plants. The study was conducted on an industrial-scale plantation in Indonesia and showed promising results for ecological restoration.
Researchers developed a novel endoscopic imaging system with a bioinspired sensor that can detect multiple fluorescent probes, enabling more accurate fluorescence-guided cancer surgery. The system showed improved spatial resolution and sensitivity in detecting tumors, paving the way for the adoption of multi-tracer FGS.
A recent study on canine brain networks has provided insights into the evolution of human brain function, revealing that the cingulate cortex played a central role in mammalian brain development. The research used fMRI to analyze brain activity in dogs and identified functional networks that differ from those in humans.
A new study reveals that Salmonella uses a two-pronged approach to protect itself within the host's defense mechanisms, involving protein SopB. By altering phosphoinositide dynamics and preventing lysosome production, SopB allows the bacteria to survive inside macrophages.
A new study by Oregon State University provides a framework for protecting the endangered Sierra Nevada red fox, which is struggling due to habitat loss and climate change. The research uses computer modeling based on 12 years of data to estimate the fox's population distribution in the Cascades and Sierra Nevada regions.
Emergency departments are currently unsafe due to staff shortages and overcrowding, leading to increased mortality and harm. Patients also report feeling uncomfortable with ED staff, citing exhaustion and frustration as contributing factors.
Researchers analyzed data from nearly 10,000 Americans to understand long COVID, a post-infection set of conditions affecting nearly every tissue and organ. The study identified 12 symptoms that most distinguish those with and without long COVID, as well as four subgroups with varying impacts on health.
Penn Medicine researchers will present results from clinical trials for recurrent glioblastoma and metastatic breast cancer. Experts will also present studies on serious illness conversations, Medicaid expansion impact, and infertility among female oncologists.
A combination of intravenous and periarticular corticosteroids improves rehabilitation measures after knee replacement, but not pain relief. The study found that patients who received both IV and PA corticosteroids had better knee movement and walking distances compared to those who received either medication alone.
A nationwide VR research project is working to create diverse groups of participants to reflect real-world social dynamics. The Virtual Experience Research Accelerator (VERA) aims to provide researchers with access to large, reliable, and diverse groups for various VR research projects.
Researchers developed a novel hybrid protein complex by binding lysozyme to copper for enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) removal. The CuST@lysozyme hybrid protein showed high SOD activity and stability in biological fluids, paving the way for its therapeutic applications.
The Clarion-Clipperton Zone is home to an estimated 5,578 different species, with 88-92% of them entirely new to science. Researchers have discovered a variety of unique species, including sea cucumbers, nematodes, and sponges.
New research from Rice University suggests that ancient microorganisms helped cause massive volcanic events by facilitating the precipitation of minerals in banded iron formations. The study provides insight into processes that could produce habitable exoplanets and reframes scientists' understanding of Earth's early history.
Complex systems rely on vast information storage and prediction accuracy. Researchers propose using quantum technologies to mitigate trade-offs between memory cost and predictive accuracy. Quantum models can simulate processes with just one qubit of memory, offering substantially reduced memory requirements.
A new study from the University of Texas at Austin found that internal job candidates are more likely to be promoted, even if they're less qualified than external candidates. The research showed that managers prefer to reward past effort and perceive it as a 'gift' that should be reciprocated.
Researchers at LMU and the Max Planck Institute use attosecond science to study how solids change their optical properties immediately after photoinjection. They find no clear signs of quasiparticle formation, which may indicate that many-body physics has little influence on conductivity.
A novel county-level index, Maternal Vulnerability Index (MVI), was associated with preterm birth after individual confounders adjustment, suggesting its utility for policy implications and lowering preterm rates improvement.
Researchers have developed a wearable brain scanner that can measure brain function in people who are standing and walking. This breakthrough could help diagnose conditions such as Parkinson's Disease, stroke, and concussion. The system uses small sensors to detect magnetic fields generated by cellular activity in the brain.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University argue against granting rights to robots, instead suggesting a Confucian approach of assigning roles to promote teamwork and harmony. This alternative perspective recognizes the moral status of robots as entities capable of participating in rites and contributing to society.
Researchers have developed a mononuclear iron complex that selectively and efficiently converts methane to methanol under mild conditions. The catalyst achieves high efficiency and selectivity due to a hydrophobic environment near the active iron center, trapping methane and releasing methanol.
Researchers investigate whether pregnant mothers' exposure to toxic metals affects kidney development in their babies, which may set the stage for chronic kidney disease. The team aims to identify key combinations of metal mixtures that could have detrimental effects on developing kidneys.
Researchers at the University of Córdoba have identified the composition of a Roman perfume over 2,000 years old, with patchouli being the primary scent. The perfume was found in a vessel made of quartz and sealed with dolomite and bitumen, allowing for its preservation.
A study found that high school students' attitudes towards drinking have shifted over the past 20 years, with a decrease in youth drinking attributed to changes in social media and spending time online. Today's teens view not drinking as more socially acceptable than it used to be.
The new Collaborative Research Center will explore opportunities of defect engineering in soft matter, aiming to develop a novel design concept. The researchers will focus on doping, connectivity, and topological defects, with the ultimate goal of combining them into one single system.
Researchers at Brown University have developed a new imaging technique to track changes in blood vessels in the brains of mice, which could lead to early detection of neurodegenerative diseases. The method uses advanced imaging techniques and AI algorithms to identify biomarkers that may predict disease onset.
A study found structural abnormalities in MS patients' white matter even before inflammation begins. Researchers discovered that myelin was less tightly wrapped around nerve fibers, disrupting signal transmission and leading to increased energy needs and oxidative stress.
University of Houston researchers have created digital applications to enhance energy efficiency, including calculators for hydrocarbon MMP, carbon dioxide MMP, and viscosity. These tools offer significantly higher accuracy than current methods, helping engineers save time and resources.
A new study by the Complexity Science Hub recommends aligning quotas with an inclusive culture to improve women's representation in science. The research finds that even extreme quotas are not sufficient to increase minorities' visibility in top ranks, highlighting the need for behavioral interventions and regulation to overcome biases.
A new study published in Nature Genetics examines the relationship between gene expression and ancestry, revealing ancestry-specific patterns of genetic architecture. The research analyzed whole genome and RNA sequencing data from African American and Hispanic/Latino children, exploring ancestry-related differences in gene expression.
Researchers found that L1 jumping genes can be widely activated in normal cells, leading to the accumulation of genomic mutations over time. The study highlights the critical role of epigenetic changes in regulating L1 jumping gene activity.