Researchers found a 32% vaccine uptake among patients asked about receiving the flu shot and a 41% uptake for those who received a pamphlet, watched a video, and were told about benefits. The study suggests a systematic approach to increase vaccine uptake among underserved populations.
Researchers used machine learning tools to map distinct cellular configurations in soft tissue sarcomas, identifying correlations between cell types and clinical outcomes. The analysis uncovered three multicellular communities that correlated with patients' prognoses, potentially informing treatment decisions.
A large-scale animal study reveals that brain pH and lactate levels are a common feature across various neuropsychiatric conditions, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism, depression, epilepsy, and Alzheimer's disease. Changes in brain energy metabolism are linked to cognitive impairment, particularly working memory.
The study discovered a novel maleimide derivative, MPD, with potent antifungal activity against various fungal species. MPD disrupts fungal cell membranes and interferes with iron ion homeostasis, leading to reduced synthesis of ergosterol and increased permeability.
Maiken Nedergaard has made groundbreaking discoveries about the glymphatic system, revealing its role in eliminating toxic metabolites during sleep. Her work has transformed our understanding of brain health and its protective role against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington Disease.
A study by Florida Atlantic University researchers found that severe hurricanes can increase the recovery of coral reef sponges by boosting the influx of juveniles and promoting gene flow. Genetic analyses revealed that populations of clonal marine species may benefit from increased frequency and magnitude of hurricanes to maintain gen...
A study on rice inversion variation reveals its impact on gene expression and phenotypic traits, including stress resistance. The research found that inversion genotypes are common in indica rice and contribute to heat resistance differentiation between indica and japonica rice populations.
Researchers at University of Missouri are developing software that allows drones to fly independently, perceiving and interacting with their environment while achieving specific goals. This technology has the potential to assist in mapping and monitoring applications, such as 3D or 4D advanced imagery for disaster response.
Scientists develop strategy to regulate electronic structure of single-atom catalysts, enhancing direct methane conversion efficiency. CO molecular decoration reduces C-H bond dissociation barrier, increasing catalyst activity and selectivity.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology developed a computational model to measure entropy production on the nanoscale in laser-excited crystalline materials. The model reveals that phonons, lattice vibrations, can produce entropy similar to bacteria in water.
A team of scientists from CU Boulder, Anschutz Medical Campus and CSU is developing non-invasive therapies for osteoarthritis, including a healing shot and annual infusion. They hope to begin trials in human patients within 3.5 years.
A researcher at Ohio State University resolves historical inconsistencies in the name of a popular fossil, confirming that Thomas Jefferson named the genus correctly. The correct name helps ensure accurate documentation of the history of life on Earth and its implications for science.
Researchers discovered that MEIS2 plays a critical role in activating genes necessary for the formation of inhibitory projection neurons, vital for motion control and decision-making. A MEIS2 mutation found in patients with intellectual disability disrupts these processes.
A new study by University of Texas at Austin researchers finds that government cash grants help companies lighten their debt load, with corporations enjoying a 2-3% lower debt-to-equity ratio. However, the grants are often not publicly disclosed, making it difficult for investors and stakeholders to effectively value the benefit.
A new study has identified the likely origin of tone deafness in the brain, finding that strokes causing amusia affect the right hemisphere and a specific region called the superior temporal gyrus. This discovery highlights the differences between processing music and language in the brain, with implications for diagnosis and treatment.
Two well-known killer whale ecotypes in the North Pacific Ocean have been identified as separate species through genetic and behavioral evidence. The resident and Bigg's killer whales have distinct physical characteristics, diets, and cultural habits, justifying their recognition as distinct species.
A shared digital prescribing record across the NHS in England could avoid nearly 1 million annual drug errors, stopping up to 16,000 patient harms and saving up to 22 lives every year. Implementing such a system could also save £millions for services in England.
Researchers developed Smart-CKD, a computer-aided diagnostic tool integrating ultrasound data and selected clinical variables to assess renal fibrosis progression in CKD patients. The tool has excellent predictive accuracy and high clinical application value, providing a cost-effective solution for guiding patient management.
Scientists have successfully converted methane (CH4) into formic acid (HCOOH) using oxygen (O2) at room temperature through an electrochemical process. The high-pressure electro-Fenton strategy achieved a Faradaic efficiency of 81.4% with an ultra-low cathodic overpotential of 0.38 V.
Dr. Chana Sacks is the new Editor-in-Chief of NEJM Evidence, focusing on providing high-quality, practice-changing evidence for medical professionals. The journal aims to change how medical professionals think about generating evidence while making clinical learning engaging and fun.
Flinders University researchers have discovered a light-responsive, inexpensive sulfur-derived polymer receptive to low power, visible light lasers, enabling precise patterns on the polymer surface. This novel system has potential applications in data storage, biomedical devices, electronics, sensors, and microfluidics.
Researchers have identified two plant compounds with potential as GLP-1 agonist weight loss pills, derived from common plants and potentially offering fewer side effects than current medications. The discovery was made using high-performance artificial intelligence techniques to analyze over 10,000 compounds.
A study using AI models to analyze Facebook posts found that words associated with depression were more predictive of severity in white participants than in Black participants. Researchers highlight the importance of including diverse pools of data to ensure accuracy and tailor effective healthcare interventions.
A recent analysis of six species of seaweeds found in Hawaii reveals that they are rich in essential minerals and nutrients, yet may also contain unsafe levels of heavy metals. The study highlights the need for regulation and informed cooking practices to ensure nutritious and safe seaweed products.
Researchers have identified PDE4B as a potential target for treating Alzheimer's disease, where reducing its activity shows promise in improving memory and glucose metabolism. The study suggests that this approach may also protect against other forms of dementia, such as Huntington's disease.
Claire Célérier, a finance professor at the University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management, has received the 2024 IEF/SCOR Foundation for Science Best Young Researcher Award. Her research explores how finance can benefit households and addresses topics such as innovation, diversity, and inclusion.
Researchers analyzed over 3,000 CSO candidates and found that these galaxies host supermassive black holes with compact jets that extend up to 1,500 light-years. The team concludes that CSOs have relatively short lifetimes of 5,000 years or less, fueled by tidal disruption events (TDEs) triggered by massive star consumption.
Research shows that long-term declines in pronghorn productivity are associated with increased oil and gas development and woody encroachment. Manual removal of trees and controlled burning could help protect iconic rangeland species like pronghorn.
Researchers found that AI models using language patterns from past studies are less predictive for depression among Black people on Facebook. The study suggests that considering intersection of race and social media can improve depression detection, and calls for more data to learn depression patterns in Black individuals. Better under...
Researchers discovered two novel GNE gene mutations that may cause a rare blood disorder called macrothrombocytopenia. The mutations affect the synthesis of sialic acid, critical for brain development and angiogenesis. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanism underlying this disorder and explore therapeutic interventions.
Researchers have discovered a new way to inhibit immune cells that drive allergic asthma by targeting the Piezo1 protein. The study found that switching on Piezo1 channels can reduce lung inflammation and alleviate symptoms of airway hyperreactivity in mice with ILC2-dependent airway inflammation.
Scientists use microprisms to track neuronal activity over multiple days with high resolution and throughput, gaining insights into how the brain adapts and changes over time.
A new MIT-derived algorithm corrects coarse climate model predictions by 'nudging' them toward more realistic patterns, leading to more accurate forecasts of extreme weather events. The approach uses machine learning and dynamical systems theory to improve the resolution of large-scale climate models.
A Mount Sinai study found that primary care physicians' approach to selecting patients with comorbidities for lung cancer screening is influenced by subjective clinical judgments. The researchers recommend streamlined protocols and clearer guidelines to increase adoption of lung cancer screening for this high-risk population.
Researchers have discovered that introducing tardigrade proteins into human cells can slow down molecular processes, making them potential candidates for slowing the aging process. This new study provides evidence that these proteins can be used to induce biostasis in cells, enhancing storage and stability.
Researchers at Uppsala University found that ChatGPT-4 can produce administrative medical notes comparable in quality to those written by doctors, but at a speed of ten times faster. This could have major implications for the healthcare industry.
A new nationwide study found that workplace policies prioritizing job flexibility and security can lead to healthier work environments, reducing stress and improving overall well-being. Employed adults with greater job flexibility and higher job security were less likely to experience serious psychological distress or anxiety.
A large cohort study found that longer durations of exclusive breastfeeding were associated with a lower risk of childhood B-cell precursor-acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The study's results suggest potential biologic mechanisms underlying this association and inform the need for further research on preemptive interventions.
Researchers developed a real-time temperature reconstruction technique for HIFU treatment, enabling accurate monitoring and planning. This approach uses deep learning to transform ultrasonic images into temperature images in just a few milliseconds.
State policies on insulin copayment caps showed no increase in insulin use but reduced OOP costs, particularly for high-deductible health plans with HSAs. Insulin users benefited from cost savings, but higher-income users experienced larger decreases in OOP costs.
A team of researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine has discovered a critical protein sensor called SEL1L that regulates collagen clearance from tissue. This finding provides new insights into the development of therapeutic strategies for diseases like lung fibrosis, which currently have no effective treatments.
Researchers from IAC analyzed infrared spectroscopic data to identify fullerenes in planetary nebula Tc1. They found a link between fullerenes and hydrogenated amorphous carbon grains.
Researchers discover a significant association between chronic knee pain and accelerated brain aging, highlighting the need for early detection and intervention strategies. Brain regions critical for cognitive function show increased signs of aging in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain.
This study predicts the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity characteristics of 44 phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid compounds using ADMET Predictor software. The results show that these compounds have low bioavailability and high lipophilicity, but some exhibit colonic toxicity.
Researchers discovered Lewy body disease changes in 9% of people over 50 without a clinical diagnosis, suggesting the disease may be more common than thought. Further studies are needed to confirm the results, but early detection is crucial for effective therapies.
A large retrospective cohort study found no increased risk of cauda equina syndrome in adults with low back pain who received chiropractic spinal manipulation. The study analyzed over 130,000 patients and suggested that underlying disc degeneration may be a risk factor for CES regardless of treatment approach.
Researchers at NIST developed standards and calibrations for optical microscopes that enable accurate alignment of quantum dots to within 10-20 nanometers. This method could increase the number of high-performance devices by a hundred-fold, improving the reliability of quantum information technologies and biological imaging.
A recent report reveals China's ambitious efforts to synergize air pollution control with carbon neutrality objectives, highlighting significant strides in renewable energy usage and reductions in carbon-intensive industries. The country is making progress in reducing carbon emissions and improving air quality through holistic approach...
A randomized clinical trial has shown that delaying surgical repair of inguinal hernias in preterm infants until after discharge from the NICU reduces serious adverse events. The study found a high likelihood of hernia resolution with late repair, allowing for quicker hospital discharge.
A new study from the University of Illinois explores the effects of curbside compost collection programs in New South Wales, Australia. On average households redirected 4.2 kilograms of waste to composting, representing 25% of the waste that previously went to landfills.
A recent study found that China's insect species diversity is highest in the Southeast and Southwest regions, as well as the Hengduan Mountains and Hainan Island. The researchers also discovered a positive correlation between human population density and insect biodiversity on a regional scale.
Researchers have developed an organic photovoltaic film that is both waterproof and flexible, enabling a solar cell to be used on clothes without compromising performance. The breakthrough film retained up to 96% of its initial performance after being submerged in water or stretched beyond its limit.
A team of scientists detected the tiniest 'starquakes' ever recorded in the smallest and coolest dwarf star, Epsilon Indi. The detection was made possible by the ESPRESSO spectrograph at the European Southern Observatory's VLT, allowing for unprecedented precision levels.
Cranfield University is leading a £69 million research and development project to demonstrate the potential of hydrogen as a net zero aviation fuel. The project, called Cranfield Hydrogen Integration Incubator (CH2i), will create a unique ecosystem to rapidly develop technology for sustainable aviation.
Scientists from Project CETI have developed suction cups inspired by clingfish to attach to sperm whales without causing harm. The new design has shown promise in withstanding the forces of a swimming whale and will be tested on sperm whales in Dominica.
A UK study found that majority of rabbit owners could identify pain and pain-free rabbits but lacked knowledge on subtle signs, highlighting the need for education and training.
A 10-year study found that consistently exercising 2-3 times a week is linked to lower current insomnia risk and improved sleep duration. Participants who were persistently active were less likely to experience insomnia symptoms, daytime sleepiness, and had better sleep quality.
Researchers developed a novel pan-sharpening method based on wavelet high-frequency information, achieving outstanding performance in image fusion. The approach integrated two key modules and demonstrated effectiveness across various datasets, including World View-II and World View-III.
Researchers have developed a simple and sustainable method for monitoring and degrading a mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water. The new approach uses excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy and photochemical systems to achieve efficient degradation, outperforming traditional methods like chromatography.
A new analysis by researchers from Penn Medicine found that minority patients with lymphoma may be less likely to receive CAR T cell therapy due to clinical, provider, and socioeconomic barriers. The study assessed data from two cancer centers and found significant disparities in treatment access among minority populations.