A new study explores how different hypercarnivorous species adapt to declining bite efficiency due to tooth wear, with bone-cracking hyenas showing significant increases in bite efficiency. Meat specialists and scavengers do not demonstrate compensatory changes, instead relying on behavioral modifications.
TCM's bloodletting therapy, involving acupoint release to alleviate excess internal heat, improves circulation and promotes cooling. Techniques like EX-UE11, ear-tip puncture, and well-point puncture have been found effective in treating heat stroke with minimal discomfort.
A new version of the MESA heart disease risk score that doesn't include race predicts heart disease risk just as well as the original score. The study aims to assess the implications of including race in clinical risk prediction models and broaden their potential use.
Research by an international team found that birds, bees, and bats working together increased macadamia nut production by up to four times, while reducing insect infestation by 40%. The effectiveness of these ecosystem services depends on altitude and natural habitats.
The Ochsner Transplant Institute collaborated with 25 US centers to conduct the first HIV-to-HIV kidney transplant study, showing comparable results between patients with and without HIV. The study's findings support the safe and effective use of HIV-positive donor organs in transplants.
Researchers have developed a groundbreaking gene therapy that targets Diamond-Blackfan anemia, a rare genetic blood disorder. The treatment uses regulated GATA1 expression to correct multiple genetic mutations with a single vector, offering new hope for patients currently reliant on lifelong follow-up care and stem cell transplants.
A population-based study found that alcohol use increased during the COVID-19 pandemic and was sustained post-pandemic. Stress from the pandemic and disrupted access to medical services were identified as potential causes.
A study from Tohoku University reveals that astrocytic manipulation affects the fate of long-term memory, with acidifying astrocytes preventing memories from being remembered and alkalinizing astrocytes preserving them. The findings suggest a parallel process of short-term and long-term memory formation.
A new study published in JMIR Publications reveals a gamified mobile app can reduce depressive symptoms by disrupting ruminative thinking. The app's effectiveness was demonstrated in an 8-week randomized controlled trial, with positive effects still evident up to 4 weeks after the study ended.
Model simulations reveal a unique pattern of polar vortices that evolves with the solar cycle, shedding light on the Sun's magnetism and potential space weather disruptions. The findings imply that future missions to the Sun may observe these vortices during certain phases of the solar cycle.
Researchers developed a novel cosolvency high-voltage electrolyte that overcomes limitations of salt solubility, increasing the size of anion-rich solvation clusters. This results in stable cycling performance at 4.5 V and enhanced compatibility with graphite anodes.
A study found that seniors vulnerable to emotional contagion are 8.5-10 times more likely to experience anxiety or anxious depression than less vulnerable individuals. Researchers analyzed data from 170 adults aged 55+, exploring the relationship between emotional contagion and psychological distress.
This study reveals prevalent adverse childhood experiences among children, including abuse and neglect, with notable disparities across demographics. Early identification and community interventions can reduce ACEs and mitigate future health consequences.
A new international canine gene research database has been developed, covering over 100 different tissues and enhancing understanding of hereditary diseases. The database provides a comprehensive resource for studying gene expression in various tissues and prioritizing hereditary factors related to diseases.
A new study found that obesity-related heart disease deaths increased by 180% in the US over two decades, with significant disparities among middle-aged men, Black adults, and residents of Midwestern states. The analysis also revealed unexpected patterns, such as Vermont having the highest death rate for obesity-related CVD deaths.
Scientists have discovered that adding carbon to metal nanoparticles makes them 200 times more active, which could lead to significant cost savings and improved efficiency in industrial processes. The discovery was made possible by precise measurements and simulations of the interaction between metal nanoparticles and a carbon substrate.
Scientists at the Technion Faculty of Physics successfully transferred atoms through quantum tunneling between optical tweezers, showcasing a promising method for quantum platforms. The experiment, led by Prof. Yoav Sagi and doctoral student Yanay Florshaim, controlled the transfer rate using dynamic manipulation of the tweezers.
A new study has identified ten priorities for future research on reducing and stopping psychiatric medication, covering topics such as safely reducing/stopping medication and providing support to individuals undergoing discontinuation. The findings highlight the value of co-production and address gaps in the existing evidence base.
A new study from Tulane University finds that historical race-based lending practices are still impacting health today, linking discriminatory policies to 15% longer delays in achieving viral suppression of HIV. This delay can impact individual health outcomes and public health efforts to curb the spread of HIV.
Researchers developed ERTool, an open-source Python package, to simplify the Evidential Reasoning (ER) approach for multi-source evidence fusion. The tool automates complex algorithms, enabling researchers and professionals to integrate multi-source data for evidence-based decision-making.
The study aims to investigate the relationships between pending charges, anxiety, and substance use, shedding light on the negative impact of surveillance on health outcomes. Eife's research seeks to expose how well-intentioned reform measures can perpetuate harmful effects.
A KAIST research team has successfully produced a microbial-based plastic that is biodegradable and can replace existing PET bottles. The team used metabolic engineering to develop a microbial strain that efficiently produces pseudoaromatic dicarboxylic acids, which are better suited for producing polymers than traditional methods.
A Dartmouth-led study reveals the fundamental genetic pathways and biological mechanisms behind the corpse flower's heat production and odorous chemicals. The researchers identify a new component of the corpse flower's odor, an organic chemical called putrescine, which is released when the plant blooms.
Large-scale declines in African elephant populations have been confirmed over 53 years of survey data. Forest elephant populations decreased by 90%, while savanna elephant populations fell by 70%. The study, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, provides a comprehensive assessment of African elephants and highli...
A new study found that even moderate amounts of exercise can reduce the risk of atrial fibrillation, a common heart condition. The research, led by NYU Langone Health, used data from over 6,000 participants and showed that those with higher physical activity levels had a lower risk of developing the condition.
Researchers developed a high-fidelity computational model to capture octopus arm muscular architecture and its complex movements. The model uses topology, dynamics, and control to simplify muscle contraction patterns and replicate octopus arm capabilities.
Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals that SARS-CoV-2 infection promotes hyperactivation of the immune system, leading to excessive iron content, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction. This results in increased sugar uptake and malondialdehyde synthesis, exacerbating coagulopathy.
Researchers from Johns Hopkins University have developed a robot that can perform surgical procedures with the same skill as human doctors, eliminating the need to program robots with individual moves required during surgery. The 'imagination' model uses imitation learning to train the da Vinci Surgical System robot, enabling it to pre...
A study found that heavy drinking among adult Americans increased by more than 20% during the COVID-19 pandemic and continued for the following two years. The study analyzed data from over 24,000 adults and showed a sustained increase in alcohol use across all age groups, genders, and regions.
Researchers at Aalto University have developed a method to create tiny vortices in light, which can carry information and potentially increase data transmission capacity by 8-16 times. The discovery uses quasicrystal design and manipulated metallic nanoparticles to achieve this feat.
A recent study presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2024 found that heart attack survivors experience significant fear and anxiety about having another heart attack. The fear can be triggered by various factors, including new health information and lack of follow-up care. The study highlights the need for e...
The study explores gene fusion technologies, including FISH, PCR, IHC, ECL, and NGS, to detect biomarkers in tumor diagnosis. AI-driven detection and comprehensive genome-wide analysis using NGS and bioinformatic tools enhance diagnostic accuracy.
A study analyzing data from over half a million adults found lower survival rates for out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in predominantly Black and Hispanic communities, with improvements seen since the pandemic waned but not yet reaching pre-pandemic levels
Scientists have successfully synthesized a multiscale NiFeMn alloy through additive manufacturing combined with chemical dealloying, offering a new route for discovering novel materials. The integrated approach enables efficient diffusion of metals, allowing for bulk samples to be prepared without extended dealloying time.
Research by the University of Sydney has identified CBN as a constituent that improves sleep in rats. The study showed that CBN increased both NREM and REM sleep, leading to increased total sleep time.
Financial stress can lead to abusive supervision, with men being more susceptible due to societal expectations of control. However, women also experience abuse but less frequently. Supportive leadership and social networks can counteract negative effects.
The review highlights the potential of integrating traditional medicine systems like Ayurveda and TCM with nutritional science to foster comprehensive healthcare. A balanced diet rich in essential vitamins and minerals supports various bodily functions and prevents chronic illnesses.
A new study introduces van der Waals epitaxy to produce wafer-scale single-crystal molecular films, overcoming challenges in semiconductor technology. The research achieves unidirectional nuclei formation and controlled coalescence, enabling precise thickness control and high-quality thin films.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have developed a method to break down condensation polymers in plastics using solvents and liquid organic hydrogen carriers, producing aromatic compounds that can be used as fuels. This breakthrough has potential implications for the sustainability of the chemical industry and reducing global warming.
Research highlights that 911 telecommunicators play a critical role in increasing the chances of receiving bystander CPR for women, who are less likely to receive this lifesaving treatment. The study's findings support the importance of community emergency response and advocate for reducing known sex disparities.
Researchers found that individuals with chronic kidney disease, Type 2 diabetes, or both are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease, with the risk predicted to occur up to 28 years earlier than in those without these conditions. The study aimed to better understand the effects of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome on CVD risk.
AI models trained on limited data may misdiagnose certain populations, particularly those in underserved communities. Researchers propose six key strategies to develop fair AI models, including using diverse datasets and transparent decision-making processes.
A global study of nearly 30,000 participants found that frailty accelerates dementia diagnosis by up to 9 years, with every additional health problem increasing the risk by 40%. Researchers emphasize the importance of targeted interventions and frailty screening for early disease prevention.
A cohort study found asthma to be associated with memory difficulties in children, which may impact executive function abilities. Earlier asthma onset is likely to exacerbate these effects.
A study by University of Pittsburgh researchers found that Black patients are two to three times as likely to retain or gain additional weight compared to white counterparts. The study suggests interventions addressing the underlying stressors of discrimination could complement community and clinical interventions.
Researchers found that a single defective copy of the BRCA1 gene can accelerate tumor growth in breast cells, contradicting the traditional two-hit model. The study suggests new possibilities for cancer prevention and therapy targeting the reprogramming effect inside cells.
A recent study found that online e-cigarette retailers are not consistently adhering to laws aimed at preventing the sale of vaping products to minors. The researchers analyzed 16 attempted purchases and found that 73% were processed and 67% were delivered, with many violating age verification and shipping regulations.
A new AI-based software developed to guide childbirth has been validated in a multicenter study using 2,154 ultrasound images from 16 centers worldwide. The tool provides precise, real-time information on the baby's head position, indicating whether to proceed with a natural descent or use a vacuum extractor.
The VANCE trial demonstrates that Singapore has the expertise and capabilities to run large-scale global cell therapy trials. The study shows promising results for patients with recurrent or metastatic NPC treated with EBV-CTL therapy, with median survival rates of up to 29.9 months.
A preliminary study found that neighborhoods previously subjected to redlining had higher rates of heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors due to reduced access to healthy foods. Researchers analyzed data from over 11,000 U.S. Census tracts across 38 states, controlling for population size.
Researchers at WVU are developing a hybrid of silver and carbon nanotubes to reduce antibiotic-resistant infections in open bone fractures. The study aims to create a safe and effective antimicrobial material that can be used on various medical products.
The HYPOD-X database provides structured data on quasicrystals and approximants, extracted from scientific papers and books. Researchers can utilize machine learning to discover new quasicrystals with favorable temperature dependencies, leading to the development of thermal management devices.
Researchers found that imbalances in neutrophil extracellular traps are associated with portal vein thrombosis in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. High histone-DNA levels and low DNase activity were identified as independent risk factors for PVT.
Researchers at RMIT University have developed a technique using waste carpet fibers to reduce early-age shrinkage cracking in concrete by up to 30%, improving durability. The team aims to address the massive environmental challenge of textile waste disposal, which poses significant concerns for firefighting materials.
A new study found that significant year-to-year fluctuations in cholesterol levels without medication changes could indicate an increased risk of developing dementia or cognitive decline. Researchers suggest that reducing cholesterol variability could potentially be a promising therapeutic target for dementia prevention.
The 12th Heidelberg Laureate Forum will bring together 200 talented young researchers from around the world to interact with renowned laureates of prestigious prizes. The event offers a unique opportunity for cross-generational scientific dialogue, networking, and collaboration.
A new study finds that access to safe, legal abortion is associated with higher college graduation rates, better financial stability, and lower poverty levels among women. Women who had an abortion were more likely to experience economic mobility compared to those who became teen parents.
New assessment tools, Well-Being Signs (WBS) and Well-Being Brief (WBB), can guide treatment planning and identify needs beyond healthcare. These measures aim to enhance clinical practice by addressing whole-person outcomes and supporting referrals.
Researchers at Mount Sinai trained an AI algorithm on over 16 million seconds of video footage from newborns in the NICU to predict sedation and cerebral dysfunction. The study shows promise for a minimally invasive, scalable method for continuous neurologic monitoring.
Children with asthma show lower scores on episodic memory tasks compared to their peers without the condition. Earlier onset and longer duration of asthma also contribute to slower memory development over time.