A study by Edith Cowan University found that children born to mothers with gestational diabetes have consistently higher attention-deficient hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Externalising problems, such as hyperactivity and impulsivity, were also more prevalent in these children.
Researchers integrated 2D CuCrP₂S₆ onto silicon microring resonators, achieving compact, efficient non-reciprocal optical response with low insertion loss and high isolation. The device operates directly in the transverse electric mode, eliminating polarization rotators and simplifying integration.
Persistent sleep fragmentation accelerates liver damage and cardiac dysfunction by epigenetically controlling Nox4 expression through Sirt1. Targeting the SIRT1-NOX4 axis offers a promising strategy for mitigating cardio-hepatic damage.
Researchers developed a bispecific killer engager that selectively depletes PD-1 positive lymphocytes, a promising avenue for treating autoimmune diseases. The bike technology enhances NK cell-mediated apoptosis and depletion of activated immune cells, supporting its potential as a safe and potent tool.
Researchers studied dipole eddies in the South China Sea, revealing unique sound-speed structures and acoustic propagation patterns. The team found that warm-core AEs decrease temperature, salinity, and sound speed, while cold-core CEs increase these factors.
A novel channel-wise cumulative spike train image-driven model (cwCST-CNN) is presented for hand gesture recognition, achieving a classification accuracy of 96.92% in recognizing 10 gestures. The method leverages HD-sEMG signals and reconstructs them into two-dimensional images to capture spatial activation patterns.
A newly-published Cochrane review found significant gaps in clinical rating scales used to assess pain in newborn babies. The review of 79 studies involving over 7,000 infants across 26 countries revealed that none of the available scales are backed by high-quality evidence.
This study establishes highly accurate cell viability prediction models with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.90 and 0.84, respectively. The models show good performance across diverse cell lines and enable accurate high-safety substance screening via cytotoxicity prediction.
A synthetic peptide derived from neurotoxin GsMTx4 has been found to alleviate mechanical hyperalgesia and neuropathic pain through the TRPV4 channel. The peptide's analgesic effects are comparable to those of morphine, but without any side effects.
Researchers evaluated different types of Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) scores among US trauma center patients. They found that GOSE-All scores capture the combined effect of brain and extracranial injuries, while GOSE-TBI scores exclude extracranial injury effects.
A retrospective cohort study found that azvudine treatment was not inferior to Paxlovid in terms of all-cause death, composite disease progression, and adverse events in elderly hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The study also suggested a greater benefit of azvudine over Paxlovid for patients with primary malignant tumors.
A pioneering study demonstrated that an AI-powered lung ultrasound surpasses human experts by 9% in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis. The technology leverages deep learning algorithms to interpret lung ultrasound images in real-time, making it more accessible for TB triage, especially for minimally trained healthcare workers.
Researchers developed a lipid-based pharmaceutical that disrupts calcium homeostasis and glycometabolism, leading to increased cancer immunogenic death. This approach combines ion interference therapy with starvation therapy to create an effective anti-tumor immune environment.
This study demonstrates how Parabacteroides distasonis increases β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB) production, which drives STAT3 signals to promote liver regeneration. Treatment with live P. distasonis significantly promotes hepatocyte proliferation and liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy.
A new method using UV light and machine learning can detect microbial contamination in cell cultures, providing a quicker yes/no assessment within 30 minutes. This technology aims to reduce the time spent on sterility tests, making it crucial for life-saving treatments.
A new breath test has been developed to diagnose and monitor bacterial infections. The test is non-invasive and can detect various types of bacteria, making it a promising tool for early detection and treatment.
Researchers have developed a pioneering method that combines atomic force microscopy with artificial intelligence to detect changes in cancer cells at a small scale. This enables more accurate and reliable diagnoses, potentially leading to earlier detection and better treatment outcomes.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B publishes original research articles and reviews on pharmaceutical sciences, including a retrospective cohort study on elderly COVID-19 patients and the use of machine learning to predict cytotoxicity, as well as studies on liver regeneration and cancer immunotherapy.