Researchers found that humpback whales use their large pectoral flippers to achieve complex turns, allowing them to corral prey with efficiency. This unique strategy is energetically impractical for other whale species, making humpbacks the only ones capable of bubble-net feeding.
Researchers found that heat waves across Africa are now hotter, longer, and more frequent, mainly due to human activities. The study aimed to fill the knowledge gap on climate extremes in Africa and provide insights for mitigation and adaptation strategies.
The American College of Cardiology has established a digital registry for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) to broaden understanding and provide equitable access to treatment. The registry will capture data on HCM symptoms, diagnostic images, treatment plans, and outcomes to improve diagnosis and management.
Researchers analyzed ancient pollen grains to study plant biodiversity responses to climate and land use changes. Two sites showed different patterns of biodiversity change, with one site experiencing steady decline due to peat formation, while the other showed rapid changes with recolonization through disturbances.
Researchers at the University of Oklahoma have made a significant breakthrough in understanding the amylin hormone, which controls appetite and blood sugar. Their findings provide new tools for drug development, enabling pharmaceutical companies to target specific receptors with greater precision.
The UCI-OC Poll found significant partisan and generational divides on immigration policy, with a majority supporting more open policies. Age is also a critical factor, with younger residents preferring legal status opportunities. The survey results suggest Orange County's evolving demographics are shaping its views on immigration.
The International Progressive MS Alliance has launched the MS Clinical and Imaging Data Resource (CIDR), providing access to anonymized data from thousands of people with MS who participated in clinical trials. The resource aims to accelerate research on progressive MS by enabling investigators to conduct more informed studies and spee...
A newly developed system recovers a valuable fertilizer from urine using solar energy, providing essential sanitation and reducing the need for expensive imported fertilizers. The prototype shows promise for powering irrigation in resource-limited regions and could be scaled to help farmers around the world.
Researchers create first genetic atlas to span entire Arabidopsis life cycle, capturing gene expression patterns of 400,000 cells in multiple developmental stages. The atlas provides comprehensive insights into plant biology, enabling future studies on different cell types and developmental stages.
Researchers at The University of Osaka have discovered a new type of chiral symmetry breaking involving a solid-state structural transition from achiral to chiral crystal. This phenomenon activates circularly polarized luminescence, enabling the development of novel optical materials with tunable light properties.
Aging is harsh on the hippocampus, a region responsible for learning and memory. Researchers at UCSF identified protein FTL1, which slows cognitive decline in mice by increasing metabolism. Treating with a compound that stimulates metabolism prevents these effects. The study offers hope for therapies to block FTL1's impact.
Dr. David Rubinsztein shares his personal journey from childhood curiosity to discovering autophagy, a natural process that clears toxic proteins causing devastating neurodegenerative diseases. His research has established autophagy upregulation as a viable therapeutic strategy for conditions affecting millions worldwide.
Astronomers have developed a protocol to detect supernovae within 24 hours of their explosion, using high-cadence sky surveys. The method involves rapid searches for candidates based on light signal absence and galaxy location, followed by spectroscopic observations to determine the type of supernova.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have developed a handheld diamond magnetometer for cancer surgery, which uses magnetic tracer fluid to detect tumours. The device is ultra-sensitive and compact, offering a non-toxic alternative to traditional methods, such as radioactive tracers or blue dye.
A new study found that kelp forests within Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) recover more quickly after marine heatwaves, particularly in southern California. This suggests that MPAs can support ecosystem resilience to climate events like marine heatwaves.
A European-wide synthesis finds that pollinator-promoting interventions generally benefit plants and pollinators, with varying effects depending on intervention type and habitat. The study suggests that biodiversity-friendly urban management practices can improve public perception and promote healthier ecosystems.
Researchers developed a novel 3D printing technique called IPS 3DP to create personalized implants with specific mechanobiological properties. The method enables the creation of structurally complex hydrogels with hierarchical microstructures and strain-stiffening behavior, paving the way for advanced biomedical applications.
Researchers developed a 3D self-folding knitted fabric that can adjust to varying temperatures, providing year-round comfort. The fabric's unique geometry allows it to transition between radiative cooling and passive warming modes, addressing limitations of traditional dual-mode textiles.
Researchers develop quantum correlation-enhanced dual-comb spectroscopy to detect molecular signals below quantum noise limits. The technique achieves a 2.6x increase in measurement speed and high-resolution spectra, opening new frontiers in ultrasensitive molecular detection.
A new study revolutionizes crypto risk management by introducing a multidimensional risk extraction framework that captures nuanced risk patterns and rapid price fluctuations. The framework isolates four types of risk: jump, continuous, trend, and cyclical risks, providing actionable insights for investors and risk professionals.
Researchers at The University of Osaka have invented a novel, unsymmetrical hetero[8]circulene molecule with unique properties that make it a potent organic photocatalyst. The molecule can speed up chemical reactions triggered by light, paving the way for sustainable and inexpensive material creation.
Researchers have developed a smart hydrogel surface that can instantly recognize whether it's in contact with oil or water and switch its behavior to separate the two. The surface achieves a record-breaking separation speed of 17,750 liters per square meter per hour, three to five times faster than most current membranes.
A new article by Dr. Leonard Berry of Texas A&M University argues that values-driven listening can improve care and heal the healthcare system. The authors identify six types of listening, including proximate, curious, earning trust, aided by design, empowering, and fostering resilience, which contribute to better care.
Dr. Mary Jo Pugh has made significant contributions to understanding the full range of TBI's effects, including dementia, substance use disorder, and cardiovascular disease. Her research uses big data integration to analyze patterns hidden in health data and inform preemptive interventions for veterans with TBI.
Researchers have published near-complete reference genomes of the central bearded dragon, a species where sex is influenced by both genetics and environmental factors. The assembled genomes revealed key genes, including Amh and Amhr2, that play a crucial role in male sexual differentiation.
Researchers from the University of South Australia have identified a potential early warning system for Takotsubo syndrome in ICU patients using electrocardiogram patterns and blood markers. Critical care nurses with advanced ECG skills can play a key role in recognising early signs of the condition.
Researchers have finally pinned down the genomic, epigenomic, and cellular landscape of the enigmatic arrow worm, connecting its unique genetic markup to specialized cell-types. The study reveals an unprecedented rate of gene genesis and duplication, as well as a unique method of chromosomal organization.
Researchers found that Brillouin scattering processes in few-mode fibers are fundamentally different from single-mode regime, with higher ultrasound frequencies and lifted symmetry restrictions. This opens a new engineering playground for better laser sources and sensor systems.
A new study found that planting trees in tropical regions can cool the climate by up to 0.8° F and reduce fire risk, offering significant benefits for global temperatures and ecosystems. The research emphasizes the importance of location in determining tree planting's impact on climate effects.
Pediatric orthopedic surgeons at Ochsner Children's perform the first robotic-assisted pediatric spine deformity surgery in Louisiana using Globus Medical's ExcelsiusGPS technology. The procedure enables unprecedented surgical precision and accuracy, improving patient outcomes.
The Northern Virginia International Soft Landing Accelerator (NISA) brings global expertise to the region's thriving ecosystem. NISA gives startups tools to reach markets, connect with investors, and flourish, with funding from GO Virginia and regional economic development groups.
A new UCLA study found that the optimal level of emotional response while listening to music influences memory, with too little or too much arousal having opposite effects. Music can become a powerful therapeutic tool for improving learning and memory in conditions like Alzheimer's disease and PTSD.
A University of Missouri-led study has uncovered how poplar trees can naturally adjust a key part of their wood chemistry based on changes in their environment, supporting improved bioenergy production. The discovery sheds light on the role of lignin and its potential to create better biofuels and sustainable products.
The University of Tennessee, Knoxville is collaborating with Mississippi State University to create new steels for the US Navy using a $5 million award. The team will focus on developing new steel materials, welding and strengthening mechanisms, as well as wire arc additive manufacturing.
A new study reveals that North Pacific waters are acidifying more rapidly below the surface than previously thought. Researchers analyzed a 35-year record of ocean carbon measurements and found increases in carbon from natural decomposition, with accelerated acidification associated with fresher and colder waters.
A long-standing mystery of ENOD40, a pioneering gene in legume nodulation research, has been solved. ENOD40 acts as a natural microRNA sponge to regulate the legume nodulation pathway, enabling nitrogen-fixing nodule formation. The discovery sheds light on a new layer of control in plant-microbe symbiotic relationships.
Researchers at U. Iowa identify a specific metabolic pathway that fuels tumor growth in MPNST, providing a promising new target for treatment. By blocking this pathway, tumors grow more slowly and are more vulnerable to chemotherapy.
A simulation study by Mass General Brigham researchers found that intensive blood pressure control is cost-effective, even with typical levels of measurement error. The study suggests that targeting systolic blood pressure below 120mmHg prevents more cardiovascular events than lower targets.
A $5 million NSF grant is powering AI innovations in Pegasus, a widely used workflow management network. Researchers aim to develop intelligent workflow management tools that adapt to evolving user needs and dynamic resource conditions.
Researchers used human stem cell-derived kidney organoids to test the safety of gene editing delivered by AAV, a common tool in clinical trials. The study found that AAV2 caused significant harm to kidney cells through the NFκB pathway, but an existing drug was able to prevent this damage without interfering with gene delivery.
MIT researchers have developed a method to reveal the inner workings of protein language models, which can accurately predict proteins suitable for drug or vaccine targets. By analyzing sparse representations of proteins, they identified key features that drive these predictions.
A new model proposes a tolerant integrated reciprocity strategy that incorporates both personal experience and social reputation to maintain high levels of cooperation even in noisy environments. The study's results demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in improving cooperation outcomes.
The research, led by MIT mechanical engineering graduate student Marwa AlAlawi, developed a reconfigurable antenna using auxetic metamaterials that can change its frequency range by changing its physical shape. The device is durable, inexpensive, and can be fabricated using a laser cutter.
Research shows that bold and curious individuals dominate goose flocks, leading with protection and exploration while followers identify new opportunities. The study shifts focus to the cognitive abilities of followers, opening new pathways for understanding collective decision-making in geese and beyond.
A new paper warns that the world's reliance on submarine cables poses significant risks to global communication, commerce, and security. The study highlights growing vulnerabilities to natural disasters and deliberate sabotage, sparking calls for diversification of global communications infrastructure beyond the ocean floor. Experts pr...
Research investigates seismic scatterers in the lower mantle by studying the phase transition of (Al, H)-bearing stishovite under high pressure and temperature conditions. The results show that varying Al content can explain depth distributions of seismic scatterers observed in the circum-Pacific region.
Researchers have developed a new way to 'edit' the internal layers of MAX phases, leading to the creation of novel layered inorganic materials. The discovery enables the transformation of covalent-bonded ternary compounds into 2D materials with tunable properties.
Researchers found that mitochondrial antioxidant glutathione enables tumors to break away from the primary tumor, travel through the body, and take root in new tissues. Elevated SLC25A39 expression was strongly correlated with poorer overall survival in breast cancer patients.
A recent study published in JAMA Neurology suggests that using hearing aids can lower the risk of developing dementia, particularly in individuals under age 70. This finding highlights the importance of early intervention for hearing loss and its potential role in preventing age-related cognitive decline.
An international team investigated MXene with confined water and ions, discovering a reversible transition from metallic to semiconducting behavior of the film. The intercalated water structure drives this change, which could lead to novel devices or sensors.
A recent study published in Nature Astronomy confirmed decades-old theoretical models of magnetic reconnection in the solar corona, using data from NASA's Parker Solar Probe. The research provides new insights into the process that drives solar flares and coronal mass ejections, which can impact technology on Earth.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation has issued an updated joint position statement on managing aromatase inhibitor-associated bone loss in women with hormone-sensitive breast cancer. The guidelines incorporate recent clinical trials and systematic reviews to provide evidence-based treatment algorithms for assessing fracture risk ...
A new study published in the American Journal of Agricultural Economics found that tropical systems significantly impact crop insurance premium rates in the Mid-South region. The researchers analyzed data from Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi, which are more prone to hurricane damage due to their proximity to the Gulf of Mexico.
Researchers discovered that gradual, nuanced updates of reputations sustain cooperation through indirect reciprocity. The ternary system allows for justified defection against individuals with bad reputations, rather than degrading the defector's reputation.
Researchers identified measurable changes minutes before breakthroughs in expert mathematicians, offering a new window into the mechanics of human creativity. The study's method could help scientists predict creative insights and understand micro-dynamics.
A new study by Van Andel Institute scientists provides an unprecedented look into the mechanics of metabolic handoff in fruit fly embryos, offering a clearer view of this nuanced process. The findings have implications for understanding development and lifelong health in humans.
Researchers at the University of Basel have developed a smart accelerator for qubits, increasing both speed and coherence time simultaneously. By exploiting spin-orbit coupling, they created a 'plateau' effect that reduces fluctuations and allows for faster operation without sacrificing coherence.
Researchers found that a brain region called the supramarginal gyrus (SMG) combines coordinated movement patterns to form complex hand actions. This system, known as kinematic synergies, allows the brain to build a full repertoire of actions from a limited set of basic building blocks.
The American Geriatrics Society has released an update to its list of safer pharmacologic options and non-pharmacologic treatments for common conditions in frail and aging populations. The new guidelines offer a comprehensive suite of alternatives, including cognitive behavioral therapy and lifestyle changes, for conditions such as ins...
A new national study finds that African American and Latin American households pay significantly higher percentages of their income on energy, even when accounting for income. The study attributes this to factors such as older homes and higher rental rates, which exacerbate energy burdens and make it harder to access affordable upgrades.