A decade-long study of 1,051 participants found that slower peak angular velocity was linked to a higher risk of developing Parkinson's disease, with estimated turning speeds declining 8.8 years before clinical diagnosis. The study used wearable sensors and machine learning models to predict Parkinson's cases with high accuracy.
A new advance in EEG imaging technology has improved mapping for epilepsy surgery, providing an accurate and non-invasive method. Pathological HFOs were found to be the most accurate biomarker for identifying epileptogenic brain regions, allowing for precise localization of seizure onset.
A study found that measuring a patient's absolute lymphocyte count can predict their response to CAR T-cell therapy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Patients with higher lymphocyte counts and faster increases tend to have better outcomes, including progression-free survival and overall survival.
A study has revealed that reticular pseudodrusen, associated with increased risk of vision loss in AMD, are driven by pathways on chromosome 10 and not by genetic risks on chromosome 1. The discovery highlights the need for novel treatment approaches for different AMD subtypes.
A study finds that most people trust doctors more than AI for health diagnoses, but have a positive view of AI's potential in cancer diagnosis. The research used two nationally representative surveys to assess public attitudes toward AI in healthcare, including trust, understanding, and excitement.
Researchers have identified promising compounds that can combat resistant COVID-19 variants by targeting an enzyme similar to one used by Chagas disease. Compounds 5a and 5b, synthesized from older chemical libraries, demonstrated strong Mpro inhibition with low toxicity.
Researchers at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg have developed a promising new substance that inhibits the ability of tuberculosis bacteria to produce energy and causes them to die. The compound, PRP020, targets the pathogen's ATP synthase but attacks a different site than existing drugs like bedaquiline.
Researchers from Rothamsted Research and CIMMYT highlight the potential of trehalose 6-phosphate to increase photosynthesis by adjusting supply and demand. The capacity for enhanced photosynthesis already exists within elite wheat varieties, but unlocking it requires a holistic approach.
A new open-source stabilization system enables sub-nanometer precision in super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, overcoming technical complexity. The system achieves high stability, allowing for long-duration single-molecule localization experiments with controlled drift-induced errors.
Researchers developed a novel training technique called Decreasing Precision with layer Capacity, reducing training costs while increasing model accuracy. The method achieves a win-win in efficiency and optimization performance.
The new guideline recommends full-time infection prevention staff, comprehensive training, and support for all staff, as well as partnerships with hospitals and public health agencies. This guidance aims to reduce the risk of infections in nursing homes, saving lives and money.
Climate researchers have found that temporary carbon removal projects can effectively neutralize the environmental impact of methane emissions. By using these projects to counteract methane's short-term warming, policymakers can make more informed decisions about how to address global warming.
Researchers at Penn State are developing a small, durable ventricular assist device (VAD) specifically designed for young children with heart failure. The PSU Child VAD aims to provide long-term support while waiting for a heart transplant, improving quality of life and outcomes.
Researchers propose a common knowledge learning method to improve adversarial transferability by reducing model-specific features and promoting output consistency. The proposed multi-teacher approach achieves significantly better attack success rates than existing methods.
Dr. Nevill Gonzalez Szwacki's research explains boron nanostructures diversity and predicts new materials with specific properties. The study combines known structures and predicts electronic properties based on atomic coordination.
A new study finds that an integrated harvesting method can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 9% and energy use by 5% in smaller fields. Another study reveals that tiller mass is sensitive to nitrogen management, with a decline in biomass yield over time.
A research team at Foshan University has developed a method to reduce cadmium accumulation in rice crops using foliar-applied molybdenum nanoparticles. The study shows that MoNPs down-regulate key genes involved in cadmium uptake and cell wall modification, reducing Cd accumulation in root tissues and limiting its entry into grains.
Researchers developed an automated machine learning model to differentiate between pituitary macroadenomas and parasellar meningiomas using preoperative MRI scans. The model achieved over 97% accuracy in distinguishing the two brain tumors, improving surgical planning and potential patient outcomes.
A new dual-field-of-view polarisation lidar technology allows for robust and accurate microphysical information on clouds, enabling scientists to investigate interactions between aerosols and clouds. The technology has been adopted by other groups worldwide and provides insights into climate development.
Researchers found that inadequate characterization of the menstrual cycle in studies contributes to conflicting results. A new study aims to investigate the relationship between hormonal fluctuations and physical exercise, seeking to broaden understanding of women's immunity.
A University of Warwick-led analysis of 4,820 student reports found that student writing has become more sophisticated, formal, and positive since the introduction of ChatGPT in 2022. However, grades have remained stable despite stylistic shifts, suggesting core academic skills remain essential.
A new AI-based method can differentiate between tumour progression and radiation necrosis with high accuracy, enabling more accurate identification and treatment of late-stage cancer patients. This discovery could lead to better treatments for brain metastasis patients treated with stereotactic radiosurgery.
The new Spectra supercomputer at Sandia National Laboratories features a unique chip architecture that prioritizes tasks in real time, promising increased performance and reduced power consumption. Researchers will push the limits of this technology to simulate complex national security tasks.
A new machine learning model developed at the University of Michigan uses data from wearable sensors to predict how physical therapists would assess balance training performance. The model was trained with sensor data combined with analysis from physical therapists and predicted patients' balance ratings with nearly 90% accuracy.
A recent study reveals that integrating AI into colon cancer diagnosis has significantly improved the speed and accuracy of detection. AI-driven tools provide faster, more reliable, and less invasive approaches to diagnosis and treatment planning.
Researchers have developed a new microscope that uses nonlinear optics to visualize hBN, a 2D material previously impossible to study. The technique enables live imaging of the material's crystal orientation and reveals its high nonlinearity in vibrational resonance.
The E2CNN model resolves overlapping relations by employing a cascaded neural network and incorporates entity type information. It achieves this by first identifying entities and their types, then predicting subject positions and extracting objects corresponding to the subjects under predefined relations.
A new study reveals that a hand-held, wireless intraoral scanner paired with AI-assisted software can identify early childhood tooth decay as accurately as visual exams. The technology creates a detailed 3D model of a child's mouth within minutes, providing a comprehensive picture of their dental health.
A new study published in Frontiers in Agronomy has found that three widely used Group 15 pre-emergent herbicides affect blackgrass in strikingly different ways. The research reveals distinct biochemical effects on plant growth, cuticular wax composition, and fatty acid metabolism.
A Mount Sinai study found that the timing of a genetic mutation in children with leukemia can significantly impact its aggressiveness. The researchers discovered that leukemia caused by mutations occurring before birth is often more aggressive and harder to treat than those occurring later in life.
The University of Bath has launched a multimillion-pound global scholarship fund to support its efforts in attracting top international students. The fund, worth up to £9.2 million, aims to foster cross-cultural exchange and deliver world-class education with excellent employability prospects.
Researchers are studying the Cyclades using non-invasive methods like LIDAR and magnetometry, revealing signs of early human activity dating back thousands of years. The techniques help document sites without excavating, allowing for a more targeted approach to archaeology.
Researchers developed more efficient semiconductors that convert solar energy into chemical energy, enabling the reuse of CO2 as a raw material for fuel production. The study also found that adding special catalysts boosts performance and extends system lifetime.
Researchers discover that CDT1 overexpression suppresses DNA replication and induces DNA damage, potentially leading to genetic mutations and cancer. The study provides molecular insights into the role of CDT1 in cancer development.
Researchers found that stool metabolites accurately reflect dietary intake and gut microbiome responses, identifying key food groups and associated compounds. The study suggests a powerful indicator of future heart disease risk, potentially offering more insight than diet scores alone.
Scientists at UNIGE have developed a high-precision spectrograph called RISTRETTO to analyze light from the exoplanet Proxima b. The instrument can detect signs of oxygen or water in its atmosphere, similar to Earth.
The researchers proposed CAD-NeRF, a method that reconstructs 3D scenes from fewer than 10 images without known camera poses. It uses a mini library of CAD models to retrieve a similar shape and guide density supervision and pose initialization. Comprehensive evaluations demonstrate strong generalization capabilities.
Researchers have developed lignocellulose-mediated gel polymer electrolytes as a sustainable and high-performance material for next-generation energy storage. The review highlights the transformative potential of lignocellulose in powering a safer, greener, and more resilient energy future.
A new study shows that simple blood and urine tests can reliably identify infants with fevers under 28 days old who are at low risk for bacterial infections, allowing them to avoid invasive procedures. The test combination demonstrated high sensitivity and negative predictive value, with no missed cases of bacterial meningitis.
Researchers from National University of Singapore develop two techniques to boost carob pulp's flavor, making it more appealing and sustainable than cocoa. The innovations aim to reduce the chocolate industry's dependence on cocoa and address climate change challenges.
Researchers measured dyadic alliance in support groups using computational algorithms and found verbal and nonverbal communication features, such as head poses and facial expressions, to be strong predictors of connection. The study suggests that AI can potentially identify behavioral markers of alliance and may have a role in mental h...
An international study reveals that mixing grasses, legumes, and herbs in agricultural grasslands can significantly raise yields while reducing reliance on synthetic nitrogen fertiliser. The research shows a 12.3-tonne increase in dry matter per hectare under six-species mixtures compared to conventional systems.
The five-year research collaboration aims to testbed sustainable energy solutions in Odisha, India. Four pilot projects focus on intelligent microgrids, battery energy storage systems, agrivoltaic solutions and waste-to-resource platforms.
Researchers recommend mental health professionals conduct three-layered evaluations of AI-based LLM tools to ensure their safety and effectiveness in clinical settings. This approach involves scheduling quarterly reassessments as the tool and model are updated regularly.
The Florida Museum of Natural History has published 'The Butterflies of California' after five decades of work by brothers Thomas and John Emmel. The book, which clocks in at 854 pages, explores the diversity and life histories of butterflies in western North America.
NEJM Clinician curates highly relevant clinical insights from over 150 peer-reviewed journals to give physicians clear guidance without the noise. The weekly publication delivers summaries and commentary in a concise, 30-minute read, helping healthcare providers stay informed and confident in their decisions.
Researchers found that abstinent smokers have altered brain activity linked to increased pain sensitivity and a need for more postoperative pain relief. The study suggests that nicotine withdrawal affects specific brain regions, leading to higher requirements for pain management in surgery.
UCI MIND is receiving $80 million in new commitments to build a state-of-the-art facility for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias research and patient care. The Quilter family donation has inspired others to pledge support, enabling the institute to advance its critical mission.
New research by MIT researchers found that even with the same CO2 reduction, air travel causes about three times more damage to air quality than comparable electricity purchases. The study highlights the importance of considering co-pollutants and regional factors when evaluating climate actions.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa uses the type VI secretion system (T6SS) to counterattack when attacked by other bacteria, but this defense mechanism also makes it more vulnerable to antibiotics.
Researchers present phase 1 study results of rapcabtagene autoleucel, a rapid CAR-T cell manufacturing platform that reduced production time to under two days. The treatment showed a manageable safety profile and promising antitumor activity, with complete remission rates ranging from 70% to 100% in patients.
Researchers have developed a new concept describing how equilibrium-like laws can arise from non-equilibrium processes, enabling the creation of lasting patterns in biological systems. This breakthrough expands our understanding of pattern formation and offers new paths for designing synthetic active matter.
A new study suggests that adopting sustainable pest management practices could lead to improved environmental outcomes, human health, and increased access to safe food globally. Experts surveyed from over 500 disciplines expect positive long-term effects, with varying economic impacts depending on region.
A new benchmark graph generator, BG^2VN, was developed to standardize the evaluation of vital node identification algorithms. It generates graphs with known ground-truth vital nodes, allowing for adjustments to heterogeneity and aggregation based on user requirements.
A new University of Michigan study found that most young Americans continue to use tobacco products, despite the harm associated with these products. The research also revealed that co-use of multiple types of nicotine, tobacco, and cannabis is a concerning trend among young people.
Researchers led by Texas Tech University's Elias Aydi used cutting-edge interferometry to directly image two stellar explosions, also known as novae. The study reveals multiple outflows of material and in some cases, dramatic delays in the ejection process, challenging long-held views on these cosmic blasts.
A new study reveals that the genus Escovopsis emerged 56.9 million years ago but didn't start associating with leafcutter ants until 38 million years ago, suggesting a complex evolutionary history. The fungus's adaptations to its ant hosts likely contributed to its success as a symbiont.
KIT researchers have created an early-warning system that quantifies team performance drops and identifies crises at an early stage. The new crisis indicators are based on mathematical models of emotional and mental processes in sports.
Researchers developed a physically consistent model for single-pixel imaging, capturing multiple degradations and improving image resolution and fidelity. The method outperforms competing approaches under real-world complex degradations, offering robustness and superiority in practical environments.
A recent study by Cornell University found that NYC congestion pricing has led to significant air quality benefits, including a 22% reduction in particulate matter 2.5 micrometers in the Congestion Relief Zone, as well as declines across the city's five boroughs and surrounding suburbs.