Researchers have discovered that tropical fish smash shellfish against rocks to open and eat the meat, showcasing a previously unknown level of intelligence in fish. This behavior is not limited to mammals and birds, as multiple species of wrasses exhibit similar tool use, expanding our understanding of evolutionary tool use.
Research reveals housing instability, parental mental health, and social isolation are major drivers of child food insecurity. Long-term health consequences also arise from vulnerable households.
The 2025 Hong Kong Climate Forum brings together leaders to discuss climate change mitigation measures, green technologies, and policy support. Experts emphasize the need for global action and accelerated transformation of economies and societies.
Researchers developed a CuO catalyst that enhances lithium–sulfur battery performance by regulating Li-bond chemistries and reducing sulfur conversion kinetics. The study demonstrates exceptional catalytic performance under harsh operating conditions, showcasing the potential of CuO as an earth-abundant alternative to precious metals.
The forum highlights AI's vast potential in optimizing energy production, accelerating new material inventions, improving climate modeling, and supporting green finance applications. It also emphasizes the need for a whole-of-community approach to harnessing AI's transformative power in combating climate change.
A team of researchers from Osaka University has demonstrated that human tissue can be used to solve complex equations and process information, outperforming traditional computing methods. This breakthrough uses the concept of reservoir computing, where data is input into a complex 'reservoir' that encodes rich patterns.
The study reveals that muscle fibers shorten as forces increase during fast hopping, allowing for faster motion. This counterintuitive behavior enhances leg stiffness, which could impact sports training, rehabilitation, and robotics.
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University found a significant link between maternal diet's glycemic index and risk for mental health disorders in offspring. The study suggests that nutrition during the third trimester may impact infant temperament and behavioral trajectories.
The University of Arizona College of Engineering has received a $1 million endowment to support its electrical and computer engineering department. The Thomas R. Brown Family Private Foundation donated the funds to create a leadership chair, which will focus on artificial intelligence and cybersecurity research.
A new brain-like computer uses analog computing to process and store information in the same location as biological neurons, reducing power consumption by 0.25%. The device, called a memristor network, is more efficient than conventional transistor-based computers and has implications for autonomous vehicles and drones.
A study by Tsinghua University researchers highlights the need for a strategic framework to achieve net-zero energy sector technologies in China. The team proposes three primary pathways to reduce emissions: improving efficiency, transitioning to zero-carbon energy sources, and implementing carbon capture technologies.
A new enzyme discovered can extract high-value molecules from lignin, a forestry by-product, using a hydrogen peroxide-driven process. This breakthrough could support the development of green chemistry 'enzyme factories' to produce valuable chemicals.
A new digital 'translator' for brain studies enables researchers to map the brain in a standardized way, facilitating discoveries and treatments for various disorders. The open-source software allows for the comparison of brain imaging data with widely used brain atlases, promoting commonalities across findings.
Researchers developed a biomimetic adsorbent inspired by the natural porous structure of the Chinese sweet gum tree's fruit. The hierarchical nano-trap framework significantly enhanced ion diffusion and increased uranium adsorption capacity, outperforming competitive ions in real seawater tests.
Scientists have identified CD47 as an essential regulator of mesenchymal progenitor cell (MSC) proliferation—cells critical for bone repair. CD47-deficient mice exhibited delayed callus formation and lower bone volume, emphasizing its importance in bone healing.
HEPS achieved a world-class electron beam emittance of 93 pm·rad in its storage ring, producing brighter synchrotron radiation. The facility successfully demonstrated a swap-out injection scheme, reducing infrastructure costs and enhancing environmental sustainability.
The study found OR3 to exhibit potent cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 cells and inhibit tumor xenograft growth in vivo. It also demonstrated anti-proliferative effects by downregulating protein expression of certain genes.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found COVID-19 significantly increases severity, morbidity, and mortality in sarcoidosis patients. Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is beneficial for these individuals.
A multicenter retrospective cohort study found that postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy improves overall survival in pN2 NSCLC patients, particularly with examined lymph nodes <10 and a lymph node ratio ≤0.2 or ≥0.53. These findings suggest that ELNs and LNR are valuable for identifying patients who may benefit from PORT.
Researchers created a memristor-based brain-computer interface decoding system that achieves high accuracy while consuming significantly less energy than traditional systems. The system demonstrated impressive capabilities in real-world testing, including improved stability and accuracy through co-evolution with brain signals.
Researchers at Kumamoto University have developed a new mathematical modeling technique for linear periodically time-varying systems, enhancing the accuracy of control system models. This breakthrough has profound implications for industries relying on complex control systems, such as autonomous vehicles and aerospace applications, imp...
Researchers created a highly detailed map of gastric cancer tissues using advanced mapping technologies, identifying distinct subgroups of cancer cells and evolutionary pathways that influence tumour behaviour. These insights could lead to more precise, targeted treatments that improve survival rates and reduce side effects.
A new study found that smartwatches paired with a health app can encourage people with newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes to start and maintain purposeful exercise, leading to improvements in blood sugar levels and systolic blood pressure. The programme also helped participants lower cholesterol and improve their quality of life.
A new modelling study warns that proposed cuts to international funding for HIV prevention and treatment programmes could result in significant increases in new HIV infections and deaths. The research estimates 4.4-10.8 million additional new infections and 770,000-2.9 million HIV-related deaths by 2030 if funding cuts are not mitigated.
A new study found that high sodium intake is linked to a higher risk of both general and abdominal obesity in Finnish adults. The study showed that participants with high dietary sodium intake or high urine sodium concentration were more likely to have general or abdominal obesity.
Researchers discovered a fossilized wasp from the mid-Cretaceous period with a Venus flytrap-like abdomen, indicating it was a parasitoid insect. The species, Sirenobethylus charybdis, had a unique grasping apparatus that likely targeted highly mobile prey.
A new species of multisegmented fossil has been discovered in the Soom Shale with exceptionally preserved insides, including muscles, sinews, and tendons. The fossil, named Keurbos susanae, provides a unique glimpse into the evolutionary relationships of ancient arthropods.
Researchers developed a method that uses high-resolution satellite imagery and deep machine learning to double the mapped infrastructure of Alaska, more accurately projecting economic risks associated with permafrost thaw. The new model nearly doubles the amount of information available for Alaska on OpenStreetMap.
The event aims to promote research partnerships between researchers from São Paulo and European countries. FAPESP Week Germany saw strong scientific and technological cooperation growth between the state of São Paulo and Germany in recent years, with 2,000 articles published in partnership with German colleagues.
Researchers discovered that whole-genome duplication persists for thousands of generations due to its advantage in growing larger cells and forming bigger clusters, leading to the development of multicellularity. The study provides new insights into how genome duplication contributes to biological complexity.
A recent study found that coral genotypes display resistance to either high nutrient levels or disease, but not both simultaneously. Poor water quality also reduces coral survival even in the absence of disease.
The new service enables users to create and download customised reports summarising species occurrences in a format suitable for biodiversity modelling and indicators. This expansion of GBIF's capabilities aims to improve the usability of biodiversity data, particularly for Essential Biodiversity Variables (EBVs) and indicator workflows.
A new study emphasizes the importance of understanding genetic underpinnings of psychiatric disorders for mental health providers. Key findings highlight the application of genetic information in risk assessment, diagnosis, treatment selection, and patient education, while also considering ethical considerations.
A new study reveals how the BRCA2 gene shields repair complexes and maintains DNA integrity, making cancer cells more susceptible to PARP inhibitor therapies. This discovery may lead to improved treatment options for patients with BRCA2 mutations.
Deborah Levin and her Ph.D. student Irmak Taylan Karpuzcu conducted the first 3D simulations of hypersonic flows, exposing new disturbances in the interaction between gases and surfaces. The findings provide insights into the design considerations for hypersonic vehicles.
A study published in Neurology found that people living in disadvantaged neighborhoods may be more likely to develop dementia. Researchers analyzed data from four communities in Chicago and found that those in the most disadvantageous tracts were over twice as likely to develop dementia as those in the least disadvantageous.
A meta-analysis found that people with moderate to severe systolic dysfunction had a smaller total brain volume than those with normal systolic function. Additionally, individuals with diastolic dysfunction problems also showed reduced brain volumes and hippocampus area damage.
Recent research reveals that avapritinib, a PDGFRA inhibitor, demonstrates potent activity against pediatric high-grade glioma tumors with PDGFRA alterations. Clinical trials in patients showed an initial clinical response and improved survival rates, suggesting the potential for avapritinib as a therapeutic option.
Researchers have developed a new photopolymerisation reaction controlled by two different colours of light, enabling the creation of solid polymeric materials with resolutions below millimetres. This method allows for precise spatiotemporal control and could improve the performance of 3D printing processes.
A study published in JAMA found that patients who have experienced a transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke are at a persistently high risk of subsequent stroke. The findings highlight the need for improved long-term stroke prevention measures in this patient group.
A team led by Gerry Wright has identified a strong candidate to challenge even some of the most drug-resistant bacteria: a new molecule called lariocidin. The molecule holds great promise as an early drug lead because it attacks bacteria in a way that's different from other antibiotics.
A team of researchers from the University of Kansas has confirmed that the Leyte Chorus Frog is a hybrid of two species with overlapping ranges whose intermingling was driven by deforestation. The discovery sheds new light on the impact of human activities on the environment and highlights the importance of conservation efforts.
The FDA has approved cabozantinib as a standard of care treatment for patients with previously treated advanced neuroendocrine tumors. The drug showed improved efficacy in reducing tumor growth and improving patient survival compared to placebo.
A study of over 14,600 Norwegian veterans found that taking a life in combat had no subsequent impact on their mental well-being. In contrast, veterans who served in Lebanon experienced increased mental health problems and reduced quality of life after killing someone in combat.
Researchers at Lancaster University discovered a new type of vaccine-specific scepticism, where some people perceive COVID-19 vaccines as 'not a vaccine' compared to MMR. This phenomenon may also apply to the flu vaccine, highlighting the need for clear public health messaging.
A study published in iEnergy found that strategically locating data centers in western China can reduce carbon emissions. By shifting 33% of computational load from Eastern China to the West, overall carbon emissions are reduced by 26%.
A new study from Queen Mary University of London reveals substantial financial burdens on patients and concerns over the reliability of information in the fertility sector. The research highlights a need for regulatory action to ensure clinics provide accurate cost information and treatment options.
Researchers developed a tiny magnetic robot that can take 3D scans from deep within the body, enabling 'virtual biopsies' for non-invasive cancer diagnosis and treatment. The device uses high-frequency imaging to create detailed 3D reconstructions, allowing clinicians to diagnose and treat colorectal cancer in a single procedure.
A study found that open-label placebos alleviated symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in women, with effects greatest when provided with additional information. The placebo effect played a significant role, accompanied by improved self-efficacy and reduced symptom intensity.
Researchers are developing soft-bodied actuators, shape-adaptive propulsors, and AI-driven control strategies to improve energy efficiency and adaptability in MURs. Future innovations may enable robots to mimic marine organisms with unprecedented fluidity and facilitate swarm robotics for collective exploration.
A large cohort study found living alone to be a critical factor in suicide risk assessments for individuals with depression and anxiety. The study of 3.7 million individuals highlighted the importance of preventing mental illness while addressing living arrangements.
Researchers found people in Japan are less likely to exploit cooperative AI agents compared to humans, while Westerners take advantage of robots more often due to guilt over human exploitation. Cultural differences may shape the future of automation.
A new study from York University combines fluid mechanics and chemistry to understand the Earth's early evolution. Researchers found that the lower mantle's structure was established four billion years ago, with most crystals forming at low pressure, leading to a different chemical signature than previously thought.
Researchers at City of Hope discovered that mutated cells can persist for years without becoming cancer and require an additional inflammatory push for malignancy to occur. Chronic inflammation is a key trigger for tumor formation, making it essential to avoid situations like high-fat diets and obesity.
A new study in Health Data Science identifies individuals with both cardiovascular and musculoskeletal conditions as a distinct high-risk group. These 'osteo-cardiovascular fallers' face a higher risk of severe falls and death compared to healthy participants.
Researchers developed a new method to include uncertainty in predictive algorithms, ensuring accurate and reliable solutions. The approach uses Markov models to explicitly include uncertainty in specific parameters, allowing for faster predictions and more complete analysis.
The São Paulo School of Advanced Science on Emerging Pollutants will tackle the challenges of monitoring and regulation of emerging pollutants. Applications can be submitted until April 20, 2025.
Most older U.S. adults support Medicare covering weight management medications, particularly those with a BMI of 30 or greater. The survey also found that more than half of participants were interested in using these medications to manage their weight.
A new study found that exosomes from children with pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) disrupted blood-brain barrier integrity, leading to cognitive impairments. The research suggests a broader impact on barrier function and identifies potential biomarkers for OSA-related neurocognitive dysfunction.
Recent studies published in Behavioral Medicine and Alcohol explore the link between pain and substance use among emerging adults. Individuals with moderate to severe pain are more likely to start using cannabis over a four-year period, often taking it up earlier, and are also at higher risk of mixing it with alcohol.
Researchers have identified nitisinone as a medication that can suppress mosquito populations by making human blood toxic to them. The drug, used to treat rare genetic diseases, has been shown to be more effective than ivermectin in killing mosquitoes and has the potential to control malaria spread.
Florida Atlantic University's Hamming Quasi-Cyclic (HQC) algorithm has been selected by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as part of its Post-Quantum Cryptography project. HQC is designed to withstand attacks from quantum computers, making it a 'post-quantum' cryptographic solution.
Recent studies by Regenstrief Institute and Indiana University School of Medicine found a sharp decline in colorectal cancer screening trends during the pandemic, followed by a rapid rebound. The impact was more pronounced on non-invasive testing, such as fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) and FIT/DNA tests, which declined but recovered ...
Researchers have elucidated the molecular mechanisms by which protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulates CD8+ T cell-mediated immune responses. PP2A deficiency impairs T cell effector functions, leading to reduced cytokine production and impaired antiviral responses.
A new reverse genetics system for African swine fever virus (ASFV) has been developed, enabling rapid vaccine development and research into the virus's biology. This technology can be adapted for other viruses, including lumpy skin disease, Zika, chikungunya, and Ebola viruses.
The study reveals that the non-breeding population plays a key regulatory role in the eagle population, stabilizing the breeding population and helping to expand it. The methodology provides robust estimates of demographic processes, allowing for more effective conservation strategies.
Combining PCSK9 inhibitors with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment may improve antitumor effects. PCSK9 inhibition enhances antigen presentation, promoting T cell recognition and killing of tumor cells.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a system that actively removes microplastics from water in a single cycle. The microcleaners, made from biodegradable materials, use the Marangoni effect to self-disperse and capture microplastics, which are then collected by skimming.
A recent study by Rosa Kindt found that participatory budgets and referendums can increase trust in democracy among citizens, particularly those with populist views. Right-wing populists who participated in these initiatives reported a positive experience, appreciating the opportunity to share their opinions with other citizens.
A new NIH study found that individuals who engaged in light- and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity daily physical activity had a lower risk of cancer than those who were more sedentary. The researchers also discovered that higher daily step count was associated with a reduced risk of cancer, regardless of the pace of steps.
The study used AI analysis on over 4,200 clinical reports to identify key factors in autism diagnosis. Criteria related to repetitive movements and special interests were strongly linked to an autism diagnosis, while socialization criteria were not highly specific.
A UK study found that children of obese mothers are more likely to become obese adults, suggesting that societal and early-life factors play a significant role in obesity. The study analyzed data from over 17,000 people born in the same week in 1958 and found that these early life factors persisted through adulthood.
Researchers at the University of Houston College of Pharmacy have identified a potential therapeutic target to repair injured muscles. They discovered that fibroblast growth factor–inducible 14 (Fn14) plays a crucial role in regulating satellite cell stability and function, which are responsible for muscle growth, repair, and regenerat...
Ochsner Health received the 2025 Gallup Exceptional Workplace Award for its innovative approach to employee development, fostering a culture of professional growth and innovation. The organization prioritizes engagement and provides resources, support, and inspiration to enable high-quality care.
A new study by UNLV researchers finds that diabetes weakens the anterior cingulate cortex, suppressing reward perception and memory signals, leading to mild cognitive impairment. The connection between high blood sugar levels and Alzheimer's disease may be linked to altered hippocampal theta synchrony.
Researchers have introduced Orion, a novel framework that brings fully homomorphic encryption to deep learning, enabling computations on encrypted data without decrypting it. The framework achieves a 2.38x speedup over existing state-of-the-art methods and enables high-resolution FHE object detection using large neural networks.
A new study found that deep-sea mining for rare metals has a persistent impact on biodiversity and species variety in the deep ocean. The research, conducted 5,000m below the surface in the Pacific Ocean, showed that even 44 years after the initial mining test, lower levels of biodiversity remain at the site.
A recent study found that a probiotic supplement called Lactobacillus helveticus CCFM1320 can improve sleep quality in patients with insomnia. The probiotic enhanced the methylation of N-acetylserotonin, leading to normalized circadian rhythm gene expression.
The ISS National Lab's new podcast, 'Between a Rocket & a Hard Space', offers exclusive insights from scientists, engineers, and visionaries on the future of space research. The first episode explores the groundbreaking science happening on the International Space Station, including its impact on medicine, technology, and industry.
Four Ochsner Health nurses have been named to the Louisiana State Nurses Association's 40 Under 40 list, recognizing their exceptional leadership qualities and commitment to the nursing profession. The recognition celebrates these nurse leaders who embody compassion and kindness, delivering high-quality care to patients and communities.
A large majority of older Americans believe health insurance – including Medicare – should cover anti-obesity medications. Nearly 37% of respondents met the criteria for overweight and 36% for obesity. Medicare currently covers a drug used for weight management but only in people with diabetes or a history of heart attack or stroke.
A team of researchers from JPMorganChase, Quantinuum, and the University of Texas at Austin have successfully demonstrated certified randomness using a 56-qubit quantum computer. This achievement has significant implications for cryptography, fairness, and privacy, as it enables the generation of truly random numbers that cannot be man...
Scientists at Tohoku University have successfully improved the phosphorescence efficiency of silver clusters by incorporating a heavy atom effect, which enhances intersystem crossing and leads to increased phosphorescence. This discovery provides a new design strategy for next-generation luminescent materials and triplet sensitizers.
Researchers at UT Health San Antonio have discovered a way to delay or even block recurrence of the deadliest brain cancer after radiation by targeting senescent cells with experimental 'senolytic' drugs. This approach shows promise in preventing tumor growth and improving patient survival.
Researchers at the University of Portsmouth have developed a smart insole system that accurately measures ground reaction forces, providing real-world movement analysis. The technology outperforms existing wearable technologies and has potential applications in sports performance, injury prevention, and healthcare monitoring.
The Idaho National Laboratory is seeking a private sector sponsor to invest in an innovation incubator supporting breakthrough innovations in nuclear energy, cybersecurity, and advanced materials. The program aims to provide seed-stage startups with access to INL's world-class facilities and technical expertise.
Researchers used large language models to analyze healthcare records of over 1,000 children with suspected autism, finding that current criteria prioritize socialization skills and not enough on interests and natural behaviors. The study suggests revising the criteria to focus more on repetitive behaviors and special interests.
The High Power Grid Lab will test new grid components and technologies under realistic conditions, focusing on low- and medium-voltage grids for regional power distribution. The lab aims to investigate system properties of innovative grid components in a grid environment that accurately replicates the real world.
A study by Eawag and the University of Zurich found that human impacts on biodiversity are widespread and severe, with average species declines of 20% across all biogeographic regions. The composition of species communities is also shifting, with environmental pollution and habitat changes having a particularly negative impact.
Scientists have long believed that cells respond to stress in a linear chain of events, but a new study reveals a more complex 'split-integrated stress response' that can be fine-tuned depending on the type and intensity of stress. This flexibility could lead to new targets for treating cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
Torsten Hoefler's groundbreaking work on high-performance computing and AI has revolutionized the capabilities of supercomputers. His innovations include MPI-3 nonblocking collective operations, 3D parallelism, and routing protocols that power modern AI systems.
Researchers used a large language model to analyze clinical reports of autism patients and found that repetitive behaviors and special interests are most indicative of an autism diagnosis. The study aims to improve diagnostic guidelines by reducing the focus on social factors.
Researchers at Kyoto University have captured the first high-resolution structure of Ebola's nucleocapsid using single-particle cryo-electron microscopy. This visualization reveals sophisticated interactions between structural components, including VP24 and NP proteins, which govern virus assembly, RNA synthesis, and transport.
Researchers created an atlas of the brain's mitochondria, revealing that younger brain regions have more specialized mitochondria for efficient energy production. The study provides a new perspective on the role of energy in brain health and may lead to new approaches for treating neurological and psychiatric disorders.
A high-fat diet reduces neurotensin, a brain peptide that interacts with the dopamine network, leading to reduced pleasure in eating. Boosting neurotensin levels restores pleasure and promotes weight loss in mice, offering new avenues for addressing obesity.
In 2024, MDPI published 238,000 peer-reviewed open-access articles, tripling its research integrity team size. The publisher expanded its global workforce to 6,650 staff across 21 offices, publishing more than 25 million downloads of fully open-access research.
Researchers at the University of Bristol discovered that cuttlefish employ a novel form of motion camouflage by displaying dark stripes on their head and arms. This allows them to disguise their hunting movements and deceive their prey's visual system, overwhelming it with strong dynamic motion cues.
Researchers discovered that D1 and D2 neurons in the brain work together to process appetitive and aversive stimuli, with D2 neurons playing a key role in extinguishing negative associations. This understanding can help develop new treatments for anxiety and post-traumatic stress.
A study led by Evan Gora found that Dipteryx oleifera trees can survive direct lightning strikes with minor damage, while other trees are badly damaged. The researchers discovered that these trees tend to have fewer lianas and are more likely to gain an advantage in competing for light and space after being struck by lightning.
Researchers have identified a novel mechanism of intercellular communication involving mRNA transfer between different types of stem cells. This phenomenon enables cell fate conversion and reverts human pluripotent stem cells to an earlier embryonic stage.
The Chan Zuckerberg Initiative's CZ Biohub San Francisco and CZ Imaging Institute will join forces to develop novel imaging technologies that provide entirely new insights into human biology. This new Biohub aims to illuminate the dynamic architecture of living systems, making what was invisible visible, measurable and understandable.
Researchers evaluate traditional precipitation phase partitioning methods and machine learning models, revealing near-freezing temperatures create inherent limitations in distinguishing between rain and snow. Accurate identification is critical for weather forecasting, hydrologic modeling, and climate research.
Researchers developed a method to detect and protect quantum entanglement, a fundamental aspect of quantum computing. The variational entanglement witness (VEW) algorithm optimizes entanglement detection accuracy, differentiating between separable and entangled states.
A study published in Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism found that obesity rates among type 1 diabetes patients increased for all age groups and ethnicities from 2008 to 2023. GLP-1 receptor agonist use also rose sharply, with a sevenfold increase in severely obese youth with type 1 diabetes between 2008-11 and 2020-23.
Researchers found that brain regions with higher cholesterol demands, like the Locus Coeruleus, are more vulnerable to Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests potential therapeutic targets for early treatment of the disease.
A new study from the University of Mississippi finds that time-restricted eating combined with regular exercise leads to more significant fat loss and reduced body fat percentage compared to exercise alone. However, lean mass preservation was maintained in this study, contradicting previous concerns about potential muscle loss.
A new study suggests that easing L.A.'s outdated tree planting rules could significantly grow the city's urban tree canopy without compromising safety. By relaxing restrictions near intersections, utility poles, gas lines, and other infrastructure, tree coverage in lower-income neighborhoods like Boyle Heights could increase by up to 26%.
The Pew Fellowship in Marine Conservation awards $150,000 grants to midcareer scientists from five countries. The new cohort of fellows will develop coral breeding techniques, evaluate critical conservation measures with local communities, and help preserve threatened marine species and their habitats.
Research published in JAMA Network Open found that college graduates experienced faster cognitive decline after a stroke compared to those with less education. The study highlights the importance of identifying patients at high risk for post-stroke cognitive decline to target future interventions.
A team of scientists has created a new method to selectively modify specific proteins in complex biological environments. They achieved this using aptamers and deoxyoxanosine, allowing precise conjugation of desired sites on target proteins. This breakthrough technology has the potential to revolutionize cancer diagnosis and treatment.
A study published in Biological Psychiatry identified the Shisa7 gene as a key driver of heroin addiction. The research team used machine learning to analyze brain tissue from human opioid users and found that modulating this gene's expression influenced heroin-seeking behavior and cognitive flexibility.
Researchers at University of Illinois Chicago developed a powerful new antibiotic, Lariocidin, which targets ribosomes to prevent bacterial protein production. Its unique structure allows it to evade common bacterial defenses and transporters, making it a promising candidate for treating deadly infections.
Researchers have discovered a previously unknown mechanism of liver regeneration triggered by glutamate, which accelerates liver regeneration in minutes through changes in macrophage metabolism. Hepatocytes producing glutamine synthetase play a key role in this process.
A new spin-based chip has been developed, addressing hardware security issues in IoT devices by providing a strong, reliable, and reconfigurable physical unclonable function (PUF). The PUF achieves near-ideal randomness and reliability, resisting machine-learning attacks and side-channel analysis.
A team of researchers has developed a molecular system that enables the controlled release of iron, using a carbon nanohoop and ferrocene as the iron carrier. The system allows for the release of Fe2+ ions upon activation with green light.
Researchers developed a sensor platform that tracks multiple metabolites continuously, offering a window into disease onset and health status. The technology harnesses natural biochemical processes, enabling reliable detection of over 800 metabolites, with potential applications in diagnosing metabolic disorders and optimizing fitness.
Researchers found that mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines cause persistent epigenetic changes in monocyte-derived macrophages, enabling a sustained immune response. These changes were preserved for six months after vaccination and required multiple doses to maintain long-term immunity.
The Understanding Packaging (UP) Scorecard tool compares the environmental and human health impacts of foodware and packaging. It provides an aggregate score across six key metrics, including plastic pollution and climate impact.
A study using NHANES data found that inflammation, rather than diet and exercise, has the strongest association with telomere shortening. Managing chronic inflammation may be key to preserving telomere length and promoting healthy aging.
Kelly Haynie has been named chief executive officer of Ochsner Medical Center – West Bank Campus, succeeding Mary Deynoodt. With a decade of experience in driving operational excellence in acute care and outpatient settings, Haynie aligns with Ochsner's culture of innovation and patient-centered care.
A new study suggests that educators should embrace AI integration to remain effective, adopting a 'rebirth' through responsible AI use to overcome outdated practices. The author applies the Kübler-Ross model of grief to navigate this transition, providing guidance for policymakers and teachers.
Jeffrey E. Lee, M.D. has been appointed Chief Medical Executive at MD Anderson, succeeding Dr. Peter WT Pisters. With over 34 years of tenure, Lee will lead the institution's efforts in research, patient care, prevention, and education. He brings a strong track record of leadership and clinical expertise to the role.
A new study by UGA researchers found that workers facing higher job risks are paid less, while those with worse working conditions are also less satisfied. The study suggests that employers should pay attention to employee happiness as it contains critical economic information.
A team of researchers conducted in-depth chemical analysis on three medieval bronze doors created by Barisanus of Trani. The study revealed that one door is the oldest and provided insights into its construction methods, showcasing the skill and expertise of medieval craftsmen.
Researchers developed a model that predicts how creatures like clams and snails flourished in warmer, less-oxygenated waters after the end-Permian extinction. The findings suggest that climate change provided an environmental explanation for the global presence of surviving species.
Research presented at #AGS25 sheds light on the impact of aging on physical resilience, with declines linked to mitochondrial function. Family caregiver distress also shows a significant association with care outcomes, including nursing home placement and psychotropic medication prescribing.
Researchers at University of Oxford have developed a method to destroy PFAS while recovering their fluorine content for reuse in industrial processes. The process uses ball milling with potassium phosphate salts, breaking down PFAS and extracting fluorine content.
Researchers discovered Lepr neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus communicate using glutamate and GABA to regulate metabolism, body weight, and energy use. The study sheds light on fundamental neuronal interplay influencing metabolic adjustments.
A literature review study examines changes in research approaches regarding international students' emotional intercultural adjustment over the past three decades. The findings suggest a shift towards acknowledging and embracing the dialectics and sociocultural complexities of emotional adjustment.
Researchers found that terahertz (THz) radiation affects not only cell membranes and organelles but also the aqueous environment, changing water molecule vibrations and cellular metabolism.
A novel chemical method breaks down rubber waste into valuable precursors for epoxy resins, reducing molecular weight and producing functional materials with strength similar to commercial resins. The process is environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and more efficient than traditional recycling techniques.
The Joint Committee on the Handling of Security-Relevant Research reports an increase in security-relevant research due to geopolitical tensions, posing a risk of science becoming subordinate to political aims. The committee advises on protecting research from espionage and ensuring international cooperation.
A new study analyzes nearly four decades of deep ocean observations to reveal significant cooling and freshening of deep water in the Subtropical North Atlantic. The results suggest that warmer, saltier deep waters may reach the region within the next decade, potentially influencing large-scale sea level changes.
The study found that religiousness may be protective against symptoms of depression in US college students, although the effect is weaker for those who identify as sexual minorities. The researchers analyzed data from 140 campuses and discovered a link between higher levels of religiosity and lower rates of depressive symptoms.
A study at a Swedish public university found that only 8.1% of students who experienced rape or attempted rape reported the incident, highlighting a 'culture of silence'. The low reporting rate is attributed to factors such as social norms and fear of retaliation, sparking concerns over the effectiveness of reporting mechanisms.
A recent study reveals a decadal-scale increase in hot-dry events with high mortality risk in China, primarily affecting the northwestern and southwestern regions. The findings are associated with phase transitions of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and interdecadal variability.
A study found that mice exposed to microgravity for 37 days experienced significant bone loss, especially in weight-bearing bones. This research may inform human acclimation strategies for spaceflight.
A new study reveals regional differences in Hadley circulation intensity trends, with the Indian Ocean region playing a key role in the discrepancy. The research highlights the importance of accurately simulating diabatic heating, zonal friction, and greenhouse gas external forcing to improve climate model accuracy.
A team of engineers at the University of Texas at Dallas has developed a new surface design that collects and removes condensates rapidly, challenging conventional theory. The discovery reveals a limitation in existing heat transfer models and inspires a new theory to explain the phenomenon.
The University of Würzburg's Thesaurus Linguarum Hethaeorum Digitalis (TLHdig) offers online access to over 400,000 transliterated lines of cuneiform texts, expanding researchers' ability to study ancient Near Eastern languages.
A study found that consuming sucralose alters brain activity related to hunger and increases appetite, especially in people with obesity. The sugar substitute changes how the hypothalamus communicates with other brain regions, including those involved in motivation, potentially leading to cravings and eating behavior changes.
A study of human-specific genes reveals their crucial role in brain development, providing new insights into the evolutionary origins of the human brain. The research highlights the importance of these genes in determining brain complexity and size.
A study by Dr. LEE Seung-Hee reveals how the brain dynamically adjusts sensory input prioritization depending on movement, with vision taking priority for navigation. The posterior parietal cortex and secondary motor cortex play key roles in this process.
A new book by Lancaster University historian James Taylor highlights the lives of pioneering female stockbrokers who challenged societal beliefs about women and money. The study reveals how these women fought against exclusion and ultimately won the right to join the London Stock Exchange in 1973.
A team of UConn researchers found that biochar application improves soil microbial biomass carbon by approximately 21%, supporting the functioning of vital microorganisms. Biochar provides essential nutrients and a habitat for microbes, especially in nutrient-deficient soil or soil with suboptimal pH.
Scientists have identified COVID-derived molecular mimics that trigger autoimmunity, with some associated with type 1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis. The study suggests people with specific genetics may be at higher risk of COVID-induced autoimmunity.
A study by University of Cologne found that virtual reality videos increased feelings of being intensely involved in the narrative, leading to a stronger positive emotional affect and greater willingness to donate. This immersive experience was found to have a significant impact on personal attitudes and behavioral intentions.
A new method has been developed for engineering specific mtDNA deletions in human cells, providing a powerful tool to model disease-associated mtDNA deletions. This approach uncovers mechanisms of histiocytosis-associated neurodegeneration and investigates how mutant stem cells co-opt regeneration to make tumors grow.
Researchers from Tsinghua University proposed a novel method for calculating Critical Clearing Time (CCT) sensitivity in power systems with high penetration of power electronic devices. The new method considers the effects of current limiting and control switching in IBRs, providing a tool for stability analysis.
Researchers at Hiroshima University propose using Large language models like ChatGPT to teach medical ethics, citing their ability to cultivate virtue. The authors argue that LLMs can reduce the load on educators while providing a foundation for moral knowledge.
Researchers studied the organs producing light in Vinciguerria mabahiss, finding they use photophores as counter illumination to break up silhouette and camouflage from predators. The fish produces blue light through a bacterial reaction, using reflective cells and a lens to direct it.
A new study by UMass Amherst hydrologists finds that lithium mining models significantly overestimate the amount of freshwater available in the Lithium Triangle. The research suggests that local communities, regulators, and the industry must work together to reduce water usage within sustainable limits. The study's findings have immedi...
Many teenagers enter adulthood with significant risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and emerging adulthood is a key time to address these risks. Interventions such as health practices, lifestyle changes, and improved access to healthcare can help reduce the risk of developing future cardiovascular disease.
Researchers have successfully created semi-transparent wooden slices that are durable and flexible by modifying the natural structure of wood using natural materials. The new material has potential applications as an energy-efficient alternative to glass in windows, and could also be used in wearable sensors or solar cell coatings.
Researchers have developed a blue cosmetic color additive that gives foundations the warmth and depth they currently lack, resulting in improved shades for darker skin tones. The new formulation uses ultramarine blue to reduce gray cast and create warmer hues.
A study published in Chronobiology International found that people who start work earlier express more discomfort with seasonal time changes. The researchers analyzed data from the European Commission's 2018 public consultation and discovered a correlation between the start of work activity and responses against daylight saving time.
Researchers have developed a prototype betavoltaic battery powered by radiocarbon, an unstable and radioactive form of carbon, that can generate electricity through beta rays. The battery has shown higher energy conversion efficiency compared to conventional Li-ion batteries, making it suitable for applications like pacemakers.
Researchers at University of Nottingham use transmission electron microscopy to observe real-time growth and contraction of Palladium nanoparticles. The study reveals a unique cyclic process where nanoparticles grow, dissolve, and re-grow, potentially leading to the development of new efficient catalysts.
Researchers from UMass Amherst have identified plant characteristics that can help native species thrive in new environments while minimizing ecological harm. The study suggests focusing on traits like toxicity and water-dispersed seeds, rather than risk-averse approaches.
African Elephants have an extraordinary ability to plan their journeys based on energy costs and resource availability, according to a new study published in the Journal of Animal Ecology. The research team used GPS tracking data from 157 elephants over a 22-year period to analyze their movement decisions and habitat selection.
A study conducted at Osaka Metropolitan University found that the opening of a multifunctional facility called ONIKURU significantly increased residents' daily walking time, especially among female young adults. The results suggest that such architecture-scale interventions can contribute to building health-promoting environments.
Larvae of wood frogs grow and mature precociously when infected with ranavirus, exhibiting accelerated growth and development. This may help tadpoles tolerate the energetic demands of infection or escape risky environments to avoid infection entirely.
A comprehensive meta-analysis of 35 studies involving 24,489 people across the U.S. and Europe found no significant differences in relationship or sexual satisfaction levels between individuals in monogamous and non-monogamous relationships. Non-monogamy is often viewed as inferior to monogamy due to stereotypes and media narratives.