A UCLA study found that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) can significantly enhance the ability of T cells to fight cancer and suppress tumor growth across various cancer types in mouse and human tumor models. SSRIs increased access to serotonin signals, making killer T cells happier and more effective at killing cancer c...
Scientists have identified a brain molecule called NEAT1 that appears to play a central role in triggering light sensitivity (photophobia) during migraines. By disrupting the normal balance of nerve signaling and pain regulation, NEAT1 makes nerves more sensitive to light.
The PREVENT calculator improved estimates of heart attack risk when combined with coronary calcium score. Researchers analyzed nearly 7,000 adults and found that the PREVENT score matched the level of calcium buildup according to the CAC score.
The COSMOS-H research facility at KIT allows for detailed investigation of complex heat transfer processes and flow phenomena under realistic high-pressure conditions. Researchers can recreate exact conditions found in real thermal power plants, enabling the development of safer and more efficient energy systems.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology have developed Pixel-Based Local Sound OLED technology, allowing each pixel to emit different sounds. This breakthrough enables truly localized sound experiences in displays, enhancing realism and immersion.
A new optimization approach for fuel breaks in Alberta, Canada's fire-prone landscapes can effectively reduce potential risks and impacts of forest fires. By accounting for uncertain wildfire behavior, this method helps compartmentalize a fire-prone forest landscape.
A new prediction model developed by researchers at the University of Gothenburg has been found to accurately assess the risk of severe birth injuries during childbirth. The study's findings suggest that larger babies are the main risk factor for these injuries, and previous obstetric anal sphincter injuries also play a significant role.
A study by Ludwig Princeton's Asael Roichman and Joshua Rabinowitz found that diet can alter cancer treatment outcomes, with certain plant-based foods influencing gut bacteria to clear PI3K inhibitors more quickly.
Researchers develop a new offline reinforcement learning algorithm that incorporates causal structure into the environment model. The proposed method, FOCUS, achieves superior performance compared to existing causal model-based reinforcement learning algorithms in the offline setting.
Researchers found PFAS in 95% of tested beers, with highest levels and most diverse mix near the Cape Fear River Basin in North Carolina. The study highlights the need for water treatment upgrades at brewing facilities as regulations on PFAS exposure change.
Research highlights the challenges of assessing inter-limb asymmetries, emphasizing the importance of task specificity, data quality, temporal trends, and context. A decision-making framework guides practitioners in interpreting asymmetries effectively.
Triboelectric and piezoelectric nanogenerators convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, enhancing robotic autonomy and efficiency. The technology has the potential to reshape future robotic capabilities, particularly in industrial automation, healthcare, and smart home applications.
A decline in sedentary behavior among US adults occurred between 2013 and March 2020, however the trend was reversed from 2021-2023 due to the COVID-19 pandemic's exacerbation of inactive lifestyles
Researchers have developed a technique to create spin in liquid droplets using ultrasound waves, concentrating solid particles suspended in the liquid. This allows for the creation of novel technologies for biomedical applications and research on rotating systems.
KAIST and Mainz researchers have predicted a 3D magnon Hall effect, demonstrating the ability of magnons to move freely and complexly in 3D space. This breakthrough could lead to novel functionalities in next-generation computing structures.
Researchers have created a versatile set of gene delivery systems that can reach different neural cell types in the human brain and spinal cord with exceptional accuracy. The new platform has the potential to transform how scientists study neural circuits, providing access to specific cells and communication pathways known to be affect...
A new reinforcement learning framework, clustered reinforcement learning (CRL), is proposed to guide agents in exploring environments with large state spaces or sparse rewards. By dividing states into clusters based on novelty and quality, CRL enhances exploration efficiency.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new CRISPR technology called CRISPR-TO that can transport RNA molecules to specific locations within neurons, enabling repair and regeneration. The technology has shown promising results in increasing neurite growth by up to 50% in mouse brain neurons.
The Mayo Clinic has established the world's first biobank of human salivary gland tissue-organoids, which can help researchers find a cure for chronic dry mouth. The biobank contains specimens from 208 donors and has already identified biomarkers for mature, saliva-producing cells.
Researchers found that insulin signaling changes affect both Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy in animal tests. This discovery confirms clinical evidence of increased risk of Alzheimer's in people with epilepsy and highlights the need for a broader therapeutic approach to address the complex nature of Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers use ALMA to observe J0107a, a 'monster' galaxy 11.1 billion years ago. They find similarities with modern galaxies in gas distribution and motion, but higher concentrations and faster gas flow rates.
Researchers from the University of Cincinnati have engineered bacteria to deliver antiviral therapies and vaccines orally, bypassing traditional methods. The engineered bacteria use outer-membrane vesicles as self-propelled delivery vehicles, targeting mucosal surfaces to provide mucosal immunity.
A new study of diffuse dwarf galaxies has revealed an exceptionally strong clustering pattern, contradicting the established understanding of galaxy clustering. The researchers propose a new model of dark matter based on the Self-Interacting Dark Matter (SIDM) theory.
Scientists have discovered new forms of selenium that can be molded into various structures without altering their composition. This breakthrough could lead to the design of customized electronic devices using only a single element.
Researchers discover Hand2 gene plays key role in providing positional information for limb regeneration in axolotls. The discovery provides new insights into how cells 'remember' their position and switch on signals to regenerate structures correctly.
A new study reveals that body lotion hinders the generation of key hydroxyl radical precursors, while ethanol in fragrances acts as a sink, reducing the human oxidation field. This finding has significant implications for indoor air chemistry and human health.
Clownfish have been shown to shrink in response to heat stress and social conflict, increasing their survival chances by up to 78%. The study also reveals that coordination with breeding partners is crucial for surviving heatwaves when shrinking.
A new study by ECU Masters student Tee-Jay Scott and Professor Joanne Dickson found that acute stress may impair key brain functions involved in managing emotions, particularly in people living with depression, anxiety, and borderline personality disorder. The researchers suggest that these disruptions could undermine the effectiveness...
While digital and artificial intelligence-based pathology (DAIP) offers improved diagnostic accuracy and equity, its implementation is hindered by financial constraints, technical challenges, and legal/ethical concerns. A balanced assessment of the benefits and pitfalls must be conducted before adopting DAIP.
Researchers at Rutgers University have discovered a new class of materials called intercrystals, which exhibit newly discovered forms of electronic properties. These unique properties could pave the way for advancements in more efficient electronic components, quantum computing, and environmentally friendly materials.
A research team successfully observes single-molecule spectroscopy of hydrogen and deuterium molecules in a picocavity. They discover an isotope-dependent effect on vibrational modes, which cannot be captured by conventional methods.
Cellular senescence drives aging with metabolic signatures including altered lipid, amino acid, and nucleotide metabolism. Metabolic interventions like NAD+ supplementation and caloric restriction show promise in extending lifespan and improving metabolic health.
Researchers have discovered that hydrogen boride nanosheets can inactivate a wide range of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi, without the need for light activation. The nanosheets' ability to denature microbial proteins through strong physicochemical interactions confirms their effectiveness in combating various microbi...
Experts uncover biological secrets of Leonardo da Vinci through 30 years of genealogical research, revealing genetic continuity of the Da Vinci male line since the 15th generation. The study also confirms the existence of a Da Vinci family tomb and analyzes DNA samples from six living descendants.
Research in rats suggests that Arbutus unedo extract can prevent changes in the colon's lining and reduce colonic lesions. The treatment also caused decreased expression of proteins promoting oxidative stress and inflammation.
The Cleveland Clinic has been awarded a $5 million grant from the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation to continue its role as the Biorepository Coordinating Center for the Cystic Fibrosis Lung Transplant Consortium until 2030. The center will support research to improve understanding of factors affecting lung transplant outcomes and advance kno...
Research from the Medical University of Vienna found a connection between altered inflammatory markers, intestinal barrier disturbances, and post-viral fatigue in PCS patients. The study suggests that monitoring gastrointestinal symptoms and biomarkers could help identify at-risk patients and develop targeted treatment strategies.
A new study uses AI to analyze surgical videos of manual small incision cataract surgery (SICS) with over 85% accuracy, enabling quantitative comparison between surgeons and feedback on critical steps. The 'SICS-155 Challenge' invites international teams to test their algorithms for phase recognition in 155 SICS operations.
Researchers have uncovered the mechanism by which ATP enters the endoplasmic reticulum, a process crucial for cellular function. The study reveals SLC35B1 as the key transporter protein, providing a promising target for therapeutic intervention.
A new two-layer active balancing strategy improves energy transfer efficiency and speed by redistributing energy among cells. The layered structure integrates inductor and transformer circuits to balance both within and between battery cell groups, achieving faster equalization and increased energy efficiency.
University of Missouri researchers create digital sentiment map using AI to analyze public Instagram posts, linking emotional tone to real-life features. The tool aims to improve city services, identify areas of concern, and inform emergency response decisions.
Researchers introduce a novel framework named Laser, integrating LLMs into recommender systems to enhance sample efficiency. The framework uses LLMs to understand user preferences and generate features, improving performance with smaller datasets.
A new study projects that climate change will cause bowhead whale habitats to contract by up to 75% due to sea ice loss. The Arctic's suitable summer foraging habitat is expected to decline significantly, with viable habitat in the Sea of Okhotsk likely to vanish entirely by 2060.
Scientists develop high-quality (Ga,Fe)Sb ferromagnetic semiconductor with a record-high Curie temperature of up to 530 K, exceeding previous limits and enabling stable operation at room temperature. The material exhibits excellent crystallinity and superior magnetic properties, making it suitable for spintronics applications.
A new study reveals climate change is affecting wine regions globally, but unevenly. European winegrowers face the most significant challenges, with rising heat extremes and faster-ripening grapes altering wine taste. The study provides insights into adapting to these changes by identifying regions changing fastest due to warming.
The UChicago team created a breakthrough device that captures molecules in the breath to aid medical care for conditions like diabetes and newborn development. The portable technology enables open-air point-of-care detection of airborne biomarkers.
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center has been awarded $21.4 million by CPRIT to support cancer research efforts and faculty recruitment. The institution is grateful for the continued funding, which will help advance future potential breakthroughs in cancer treatment.
CoVFit integrates molecular data with large-scale epidemiological data to predict the fitness of SARS-CoV-2 variants. The model was trained on mutations in the spike protein and population-level trends, enabling accurate predictions of variant fitness.
A new study by researchers from Cambridge Judge Business School found that CivicaScript's HCU model can reliably supply essential generic medicines at a price that saves patients over 64% and public and private insurers over 92%. The model aims to make generic drugs accessible and affordable for all.
Researchers have identified a mechanism involving potassium channels that could provide a new approach to treating depression. The study, led by Dr. James Murrough, found that ezogabine improved depression symptoms and anhedonia in patients, normalizing brain activity in key regions.
A group of national scientists filed a complaint with the National Institutes of Health's Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare requesting an investigation into a study on the effects of ginger root extract on pain in rats that resulted in the deaths of 100 animals. The researchers claimed to assess 'emotional pain' by interpreting vocal...
Researchers from MIT and SMART extended fresh-cut crops' shelf life by four days at room temperature and 10 days when refrigerated using melatonin-filled microneedles. This technology could reduce global food waste, providing an alternative to refrigeration for regions with limited infrastructure.
The Carbon Hub brings together scientists, industry leaders, and policymakers to reimagine hydrocarbons as sources of clean hydrogen and advanced carbon materials. This process could address energy access, emissions, and unsustainable material usage, potentially avoiding gigatons of CO2.
Children's cereals contain high levels of added sugar, exceeding 45% of the American Heart Association's daily recommended limit. Notable increases in fat, sodium, and sugar have been observed alongside decreases in protein and fiber, suggesting a prioritization of taste over nutritional quality.
Researchers find over 500 dense star-forming cores with possible protoplanetary disks in the Milky Way's Central Molecular Zone. Dual-band observations reveal unexpected spectral reddening, suggesting the presence of these early stages of solar system formation.
The study highlights a substantial growing burden of skin cancer among older adults, particularly males living in high-socioeconomic countries. Effective prevention and management strategies are urgently needed to address this issue.
A team of researchers from the University of Arizona College of Medicine - Tucson has identified a potential drug candidate for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The study, published in Cell Metabolism, found that a key ingredient triggering HFpEF is an enzyme that converts glucose into harmful byproducts, ultimat...
A study published in Nature reveals that cysteine depletion disrupts metabolic pathways, forcing cells to rapidly burn fat stores. The research also highlights the role of coenzyme A (CoA) in shaping metabolism and provides insights into potential future obesity solutions.
ARMC5 plays a critical role in regulating cellular processes, including tumor suppression, endocrine disorders, and immune modulation. Its ubiquitously expressed across human tissues, but germline and somatic mutations disrupt its functions.
Researchers at UChicago's Catalyst Design for Decarbonization Center developed a new computational tool that predicts stable metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for efficient energy storage and catalysis. The tool uses thermodynamic integration to calculate MOF stability, enabling the rapid discovery of promising materials.