Researchers reconstructed environmental changes during the Middle Pleistocene and found that hominins occupied the Jijiazhuang site during a temperate, wooded grassland phase. The prolonged interglacial conditions provided opportunities for human innovation and resilience in challenging northern environments.
Gastroparesis affects thousands of people worldwide, causing nausea and quality-of-life disruptions. The new AGA guideline recommends tailored treatment plans based on individual patient needs, using metoclopramide or erythromycin as initial pharmacological therapy.
Scientists discovered that metabolism plays a signalling role during embryonic development, controlling the tempo of growth. By modulating metabolism, they identified a key metabolite FBP regulating the segmentation clock, which impacts spatial patterns of body segments.
A large-scale survey in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, and Senegal found that West African farmers can benefit from reliable climate services and financial support. The study charted a path to turn weather reports into a profitable investment for farmers.
Researchers have developed a promising strategy to tackle soil pollution using element-doped biochar. The approach involves enhancing plain biochar with elements like nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and phosphorus to improve its ability to stabilize heavy metals.
The U.S. National Science Foundation and UKRI are investing in eight joint research projects tackling underexplored areas in science. The partnership aims to create new molecular-based qubits for quantum computing, ultra-precise navigation and secure communications.
Research reveals community management effectively protects vast areas of Amazonian forest, safeguarding biodiversity and supporting local communities. Community-led conservation efforts are crucial for long-term sustainability, but require recognition and financial support.
A recent study found that cold temperatures combined with mental fatigue impair endurance exercise performance. Individuals experiencing increased subjective fatigue showed decreased performance. The Sympathetic Adrenal-Medullary system is involved in the increase of fatigue rather than the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis.
Gravitinos, charged particles with spin 3/2, are suggested as a new alternative to existing Dark Matter candidates like axions and WIMPs. The JUNO detector, currently under construction, is well-suited for detecting gravitinos due to its large volume.
Researchers have discovered how Fusobacterium nucleatum binds to human cell receptors CEACAM1 and CEACAM5, which are frequently overexpressed on many types of cancer cells. This binding mechanism is crucial for developing novel antitumor therapies.
Researchers have uncovered the step-by-step process of gas transport to form accretion disks in massive star-forming regions. The study reveals a striking layered system of gas flows, including spiral-like streams and a bar-like structure that funnels gas toward the center.
Research teams developed a novel post-processing technique using hot isostatic pressing (HIP) to improve titanium alloy surfaces' microstructure and wear resistance. The process achieved remarkable reductions in residual stress and enhanced mechanical properties, including increased hardness and ductility.
A team at Shanghai Institute of Ceramics has developed a novel method for achieving high solid loading and low viscosity in alumina ceramic slurries. The approach uses polyacrylic acid (PA) as a dispersant in combination with Isobam 104, resulting in improved density, mechanical properties, and sintering densification temperatures. Thi...
A team of scientists developed a novel model, DASFormer, that learns to monitor earthquakes from continuous DAS data on its own, effectively serving as an 'artificial seismologist'. The model achieved the highest performance across all evaluation metrics, with a peak ROC-AUC of 0.906 and an F1 score of 0.565.
The article proposes a novel paradigm for precision medicine-food intervention leveraging metabolite networks, targeted delivery technologies, and AI-assisted microbiome functional profiling to overcome individual variability. This approach enables precise interventions by selectively shaping specific functional microbial communities.
A cohort study found that poverty and social disadvantage are associated with lower fecundability and increased risks of subfertility in both women and men. The study suggests that further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms behind these findings.
A recent study from the University of Portsmouth found that young adults who prefer to stay up late are more prone to developing problematic technology use, such as smartphone and social media addiction. The researchers identified loneliness and anxiety as primary contributors to this association.
Researchers discovered how auxin strengthens cell walls on the lower side of roots, preventing growth below while allowing cells above to expand. This process, called gravitropism, helps plants sense their environment and adjust root growth direction.
The SCAI Door to Lactate Clearance Cardiogenic Shock Initiative aims to improve outcomes in cardiogenic shock by using lactate clearance as a practical solution. Measuring lactate at diagnosis and every 2-3 hours can guide early management decisions.
Two new species of black bass, Bartram’s and Altamaha bass, have been documented by UGA ecologists. These fish have distinctive physical characteristics, such as patterned dark brown blotches on their sides and carmine-red eyes with a black pupil ringed by a thin gold margin.
Researchers at the University of Würzburg have discovered that boron can form π complexes with olefins, similar to transition metals, opening up new possibilities for industrial catalytic processes. The finding aims to replace toxic and costly heavy metals with main group elements.
The University of Arizona and University of New Mexico received a $43.6 million NIH grant to support translational science and training for early-career researchers. The partnership aims to translate research discoveries into improved patient care, with a focus on substance use disorders and rural health initiatives.
An international research team used 300-million-year-old fossilised droppings to better understand molecular fossilisation, revealing how tiny grains of iron carbonate preserved delicate molecular traces. The findings add a new dimension to understanding molecular preservation and its implications for reconstructing ancient ecosystems.
Researchers found that glioblastoma cells in clusters are less deadly than those that disperse from these clusters. The dispersed cells are more plastic and resistant to therapy, making them a major contributor to treatment resistance and poor patient outcomes.
The STIM tool assesses online adverts for risks of human trafficking, helping law enforcement and charities identify potential victims. The tool has already led to multiple arrests and safeguarded dozens of vulnerable people.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool have discovered a groundbreaking new class of antibiotics called Novltex, which targets lipid II in bacterial cell walls. This innovative approach offers potent and durable protection against multidrug-resistant bacteria, addressing one of the biggest challenges in modern medicine.
Research confirms bidirectional relationship between long COVID and menstrual disorders, with symptoms intensifying during perimenstrual phases. The study suggests an inflammatory reaction as the underlying cause, paving the way for new therapeutic prospects tailored to women.
Researchers from UMD found that cats can survive bird flu if treated promptly with oseltamivir, a common influenza treatment. Early intervention significantly increases the chances of survival and strong protection against reinfection for several months.
Researchers at UNSW have made a significant advance in quantum computing by creating 'quantum entangled states' using the spins of two atomic nuclei. This breakthrough enables the potential to build large-scale quantum computers using existing technology and manufacturing processes.
Researchers developed a novel genome editing approach called 'append editing' by mimicking the natural bacterial defense system against viruses. This method enables precise genetic modifications in bacteria, plants, and human cells with high accuracy and minimal disruption.
The WMO report reveals that 2024 was marked by severe drought in the Amazon basin and Southern Africa, while Central Europe experienced excessive rainfall, leading to devastating floods. Glaciers globally lost 450 billion metric tons of ice, accelerating climate change impacts.
A team of animal behavior experts found that Gifted Word Learner dogs can distinguish between toys used for tugging versus fetching, even when the toys don't share any obvious physical similarities. The dogs were able to remember those categorizations for long periods without prior training.
Research from Texas McCombs reveals that trust-based messages delivered by credible sources increase the likelihood of women seeking life-saving exams. Peer-empowering messages led to the largest increase in adoption, challenging traditional strategies of relying on infographics or factual information.
New research finds that 86% of parents in New Zealand disclose their child's donor conception to them by age 18, with most sharing the information before age 10. Heterosexual couples are less likely to share this info, but same-sex couples and single women have higher disclosure rates.
The latest gravitational wave observation reveals two black holes with masses 30 times that of the Sun, shattering previous expectations. This discovery confirms a longstanding theory by Stephen Hawking and opens new possibilities for testing our understanding of gravity.
A new trial has shown that a lower dose of the immunomodulatory drug ATG is safe and effective in preventing the progression of type 1 diabetes in young people. The study found that the drug was able to arrest or delay the progression of T1D at a dose as low as 0.5mg/kg, with a good safety profile.
Researchers developed four stabilization strategies to improve zinc anode stability in AZIBs, including artificial SEI layers, electrolyte modification, bioinspired designs, and structural optimization. These approaches enhance cycle life, Coulombic efficiency, and overall performance of AZIBs.
A long-term study in Northeast China's fertile black soils found that biochar improves soil health, stabilizes microbial communities, and increases crop yields when applied at the right rate. The optimal application rate enhances microbial stability and organic matter content, leading to better yields.
A new study finds that El Niño increases the likelihood of extreme daily downpours in India's wetter regions, potentially leading to hazardous conditions. The research suggests changes in atmospheric buoyancy and low-pressure system tracks drive this intensification, which has remained steady over time despite regional shifts.
A study published in PLOS Biology found that women from lower-income countries with non-English first languages publish 70% fewer papers than men, while non-native English speakers at early career stages outperform native English speakers. The authors call for an effort to consider these factors when assessing scientists' performance.
Researchers found a significant link between severe pregnancy sickness (hyperemesis gravidarum) and an increased risk of mental health conditions. Women with HG experience anxiety, depression, and postpartum depression, highlighting the need for integrated care across physical and mental health.
The Naval Research Laboratory's Robotic Servicing of Geosynchronous Satellites (RSGS) payload has completed critical space-readiness testing, confirming its ability to withstand thermal vacuum conditions. The system, designed for on-orbit servicing and upgrades, has the potential to transform satellite operations in geosynchronous orbit.
Researchers identified 27 species of bacteria and fungi that collectively increase the risk of pancreatic cancer by 3.5 times. The study analyzed saliva samples from 122,000 healthy individuals and found that boosting the mouth's microbiome may protect against cancer.
A joint research team developed a multi-label classification algorithm to solve the spectral function of one-dimensional Bose gases at arbitrary interaction strengths. The algorithm successfully captured power-law behavior at spectral thresholds, validating nonlinear Luttinger liquid theory predictions.
Ensemble projections suggest vaccinating high-risk groups reduces disease burden, while broader vaccine availability saves more lives. Averted COVID-19 burden due to vaccination is robust across immune escape scenarios.
A new review from the University of Adelaide highlights inconsistencies in Australian crop regulations, affecting the coexistence of genetically modified (GM) and non-GM crops. The current regulatory framework is inadequate, leading to varying standards across different sectors, making it difficult for farmers to ensure compliance.
A large-scale population study found that oxaliplatin benefits only younger stage III patients, with no added survival benefit for those over 70. The study suggests using an age threshold to make evidence-based choices about chemotherapy.
The Ver-A-T1D trial suggests that verapamil could preserve beta-cell function in adults with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. The study demonstrated encouraging trends towards beta-cell preservation and well-established safety profile, but narrowly missed statistical significance.
A recent study from Spain aims to develop inclusive medical AI applications by overcoming binary logics and including the needs of trans people. The research team, led by Nataly Buslon Valdez, collaborated with PRISMA association to design AI apps that promote personalized treatments tailored to individual needs.
A recent study analyzing data from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Surveys (2016-2023) found that cardiovascular disease risk increased in Mexico between 2016 and 2023. The average 10-year CVD risk was estimated at 9.5% using region-specific tools, highlighting the need for accurate models to predict local disease burden.
Researchers analyzed 222 terpene synthase genes in 24 angiosperm species, revealing how specific subfamilies drove the production of diverse terpenes. This study highlights the evolutionary foundation of terpene diversity and its role in plant adaptability and ecological success.
The SURPASS-PEDS trial shows that tirzepatide significantly improves HbA1c levels, BMI, and fasting glucose in children aged 10-17 years with type 2 diabetes. The study demonstrates sustained improvements over a year-long period, making it a potential safe and efficacious treatment option for youth-onset type 2 diabetes.
Researchers discovered that FGF21, a muscle hormone released during exercise, is elevated in people with ALS and may play a protective role. Higher levels of FGF21 were associated with slower disease progression and longer survival in patients.
Researchers at UC San Diego have created a new genetic editing approach that uses small nuclear RNA base editing, which can modify the genetic code with greater precision and safety than CRISPR. This method has the potential to treat various diseases, including neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and immune disorders.
A new study from the University of Eastern Finland reveals that patients in specialised psychiatric care face a variety of interconnected social risks. The most vulnerable segments of the population experience cumulative risks including financial difficulties, housing challenges, and violence.
Scientists from Institute of Science Tokyo have created a solid electrolyte-based hydrogen battery that stores and releases hydrogen at temperatures below 100 °C, overcoming high-temperature and low-capacity limitations. The battery offers practical solutions for hydrogen-powered vehicles and clean energy systems.
PANoptosis, a hybrid form of cell death, is being explored as a strategy to tackle liver cancer. By integrating apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis pathways, PANoptosis triggers both direct tumor killing and immune reprogramming.
Researchers are conducting a national study to test the effectiveness of daily atropine drops in delaying and reducing nearsightedness in young children. The study aims to enroll over 600 children aged 6-11 who will receive either atropine or a placebo, with results comparing the timing of onset and progression of myopia.
Researchers developed an AI model that diagnoses achalasia using plain chest X-rays, outperforming physicians' reviews. The diagnostic performance of the AI model demonstrated higher sensitivity and specificity, enabling early diagnosis and potentially improving treatment efficacy.
Researchers identified reconstruction mechanism of copper alloy catalysts during electrochemical CO₂ conversion reactions. The findings provide a 'design map' for understanding and predicting surface reconstruction, enabling the design of dynamic catalysts that adapt during operation.