A 242-million-year-old fossil from Devon has provided new insights into the origins of lizards, snakes, and their tuatara relatives. The discovery shows that early lepidosaurs had surprisingly large triangular-shaped teeth, unlike modern lizards and snakes.
A recent study reveals that African forest habitats maintain a species-rich Pimplinae fauna compared to nearby farmland, making them valuable for conserving unknown dark biodiversity. The research also suggests that parasitoid wasps occupy a high position in food webs and are vulnerable to biodiversity loss.
A consortium led by the University of Southampton aims to advance cutting-edge treatments for lung cancer, blood cancers, and chronic inflammation. The ON-TRACT project will train researchers in academic, industrial, and clinical settings to develop safer and more effective treatments.
A rat discovered on a flight from Miami to Berlin revealed hidden global health risks, including the presence of a methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus strain nearly identical to human variants. The study highlights the importance of standardized pathogen screening for animal stowaways and rats as indicators of ecosystem health.
Researchers reexamined the genetic conflict in the maternal-fetal interface, finding a delicate balance of cooperation and competition that ensures successful pregnancy. The study sheds light on pregnancy complications like placenta accreta and preeclampsia, and may have broader implications for cancer metastasis.
Chronic insomnia is associated with faster declines in memory and thinking skills, as well as brain changes visible on imaging scans. People with insomnia are 40% more likely to develop mild cognitive impairment or dementia than those without insomnia.
A new study from the University of Chicago found that children experience less anxiety when reading aloud to a robot than to a human adult. The robot's calming influence helped children feel more comfortable making mistakes, creating a more encouraging environment for building their reading skills. While there were no substantial diffe...
Researchers at UVA Health System are testing a cutting-edge MRI scanner to identify brain scarring caused by blast exposures in soldiers. If successful, the technology could lead to a new imaging test to diagnose brain changes caused by repeated blasts.
Researchers at STRI discovered that a tropical bug's flag-waving behavior is an anti-predator strategy, increasing waving seven-fold in the presence of mantids and deterring attacks. The finding highlights the importance of studying insects and their behaviors.
Research by ETH Zurich reveals human-induced climate change has increased extreme heat wave frequency and severity, with fossil fuel and cement production contributing significantly. The study highlights the responsibility of large carbon emitters, such as oil and gas companies, in exacerbating heat waves.
A new study by researchers at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign found that some Chicago clubs charge Black patrons more for drinks compared to white patrons. The study used pairs of similarly dressed Black and white men to test pricing practices at 30 nightclubs in a central nightlife district.
The robotic exoskeleton TWIN has been awarded the Compasso d’Oro International Award for its innovative design and ability to adapt to different user needs. Developed by Rehab Technologies IIT – INAIL and ddpstudio, TWIN provides energy assistance to individuals with limited mobility, enabling them to stand, walk, and sit down.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry found that individuals with similar levels of autistic traits are more attracted to each other and their brains synchronize in unique ways during passive and active communication. This suggests a novel approach for building social connection among people with autism by tailoring environments.
A novel strategy is developed to stabilize lithium metal anodes using a heterostructured metal phosphide modulation layer, addressing challenges such as dendrite growth and unstable interfaces. This innovation opens a pathway towards practical high-energy and safe lithium metal batteries.
A new study published in Psychology and Health journal found that individuals with chronic pain experience higher levels of perfectionism and lower levels of self-compassion. Researchers suggest that increasing self-compassion and addressing perfectionistic tendencies may be beneficial for managing chronic pain.
Researchers found genetic adaptations in response to micronutrient shortages and surpluses, particularly in regions with iodine-poor soils. The study provides insights into the impact of micronutrient availability on human evolution, highlighting potential vulnerabilities to deficiencies as climate change affects soil nutrient levels.
Researchers analyzed NYC public school data and found a statistically significant relationship between teacher turnover rates and student suspensions, ODRs, with Black students disproportionately affected. Disruption from teacher departures also disrupts existing relationships and contextual knowledge.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum develop AI approach that utilizes phylogenetic trees to identify patterns in genetic and other data. This method enables AI to recognize evolutionarily informed features across various data types, including genomic, phenomic, and image data.
Researchers evaluated a tool based on NCCN Guidelines to identify high-risk medications and their association with frailty and outcomes in over 380,000 older adults diagnosed with cancer. The study found that each additional high-risk medication increased the odds of being mildly or moderately-to-severely frail by 66%.
A quicker and cheaper two-part MRI scan is just as effective as the current 30-40 minute scan in detecting prostate cancer. The PRIME trial confirms that this streamlined approach can diagnose cancer at the same rate as a full three-part scan, cutting scan time to 15-20 minutes and reducing costs.
A recent study found that two-thirds of clinical trial participants experienced complete remission from major depressive disorder five years after psilocybin-assisted therapy. The treatment also showed significant and large reduction in depression symptoms, with many participants reporting improved well-being measures.
Breakthrough Discoveries for Thriving with Bipolar Disorder (BD²) has announced a fourth round of Discovery Research funding for bipolar disorder. The program aims to support groundbreaking research into the genetic, molecular, cellular, circuit, and behavioral mechanisms of the disorder.
A new study from MIT neuroscientists reveals how rare variants of the ABCA7 gene contribute to Alzheimer's risk by disrupting lipid metabolism and cell membrane function. Treating neurons with choline can reverse some cellular effects of ABCA7 loss.
Scientists have discovered key circuit changes that lead to the maturation of reliable brain activity patterns in response to visual experience. The findings suggest that the brain develops a modular organization, with patches of neurons activating together in response to specific features, allowing for efficient learning and adaptation.
A team of researchers has received funding to study the PRPH2 gene, crucial for normal vision, but when mutated causes a range of retinal diseases leading to blindness. They aim to uncover the underlying mechanisms of PRPH2-associated pathology to develop effective therapies.
Researchers verified Stephen Hawking's Black Hole Area Theorem using gravitational waves, confirming the total surface area of black holes increases when they merge. This detection provides evidence for a fundamental law in physics, demonstrating the power of gravitational-wave astronomy.
The study reveals that enzymes KDM1A and KDM5C collaborate to prevent neurons from activating inappropriate genes, ensuring their proper function. This discovery opens new avenues to understand the origin of neurological disorders associated with intellectual disability.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology have successfully synthesized Prussian Blue with an octahedral morphology by using a specialized solvent. The new crystal shape enhances electrochemical reactivity and stable performance in sodium-ion hybrid capacitors.
A recent study analyzed newspaper images of home care in Finland, finding that they often portray older clients as passive and lonely, while care workers are depicted as active. The study's findings highlight the need to critically assess media imagery and its impact on perceptions and decision-making related to home care.
Researchers develop RNA-based molecular tool to interfere with phage replication, allowing for targeted therapy against bacterial pathogens. The approach has potential applications in treating infections caused by hospital germs like Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Researchers at Penn State found that weight fluctuations and changes can lead to faster cognitive decline in older adults. The study analyzed data from 4,304 participants and showed that those with greater variability in weight experienced more rapid cognitive declines.
Researchers found that four common PFAS triggered fat buildup and cancer-related changes, with effects differing by sex. Liver cells from male and female donors responded differently to PFAS exposure.
The UC3M researchers will work on projects such as Adaptive optimization for AI to create faster and cheaper AI systems. They aim to develop smart thermal batteries using 3D printing and low-carbon materials inspired by natural structures.
Researchers identified a brain region called the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) as a key player in controlling consummatory behaviors. Stimulating this area can drive mice to consume sweets, while inhibiting it leads to weight loss.
The Endocrine Society has recognized 12 exceptional endocrinologists with its 2026 Laureate Awards, honoring their groundbreaking research and clinical breakthroughs in treating hormone disorders. The winners include Robert M. Carey, Christopher Kevin Glass, Rebecca Reynolds, Samuel Klein, and Lisa B. Nachtigall, among others.
Astronomers have finally solved the mystery of globular clusters using detailed simulations, uncovering a new class of object that could be in our own galaxy. The study found multiple pathways for their creation and a new class of star system, “globular cluster-like dwarfs”, which sits between globular clusters and dwarf galaxies.
Researchers developed an unusual therapy using a cocktail of antibodies that protected mice from nearly every strain of influenza, including avian and swine variants. The therapy did not allow viral escape, even after repeated exposure in animals.
Researchers developed a plasmonic meta-RTWO with ultrahigh phase accuracy and figure of merit (FOM), overcoming traditional designs' limitations. The technology enables applications such as real-time calibration of antenna arrays in 6G massive MIMO systems and subpicosecond synchronization for terahertz quantum communication.
A survey of nearly 50,000 dog owners found that dogs became harder to train during the pandemic, with improvements noted once restrictions were lifted. Factors like age, breed, and size also influenced behavior, with mixed-breed dogs showing more fear, aggression, and need for attention.
A new study published in JAMA finds biparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to be more efficient than multiparametric MRI for prostate cancer diagnosis. By adopting biparametric MRI, the global healthcare system could see a substantial increase in scanner throughput and cost reduction.
Researchers found that lung cancer cells can form functional synapses with neurons, supporting their growth and survival. Disrupting glutamate signalling led to lower tumour burden and longer survival in experimental mice, highlighting promising therapeutic targets.
Researchers found that lung tumors reshape immune cells in the bone marrow before they reach the cancer, altering their function and leading to a stronger anti-cancer response. The study identified NRF2 as a key protein involved in this process and proposed blocking it as a potential strategy to enhance immunotherapy.
A Mediterranean-style diet has been found to improve intestinal function and mucosal immunity, preventing fat accumulation and optimizing microbiota composition. This diet also helps reduce the incidence and severity of infections in babies.
Scientists have successfully kept a tiny sliver of the mammalian cochlea alive and functional outside the body for the first time. The innovation allowed them to capture the live biomechanics of the cochlea's remarkable auditory powers, including exceptional sensitivity and sharp frequency tuning.
A study published in Cell Host & Microbe found a significant link between the maternal gut microbiome and preterm birth. The researchers identified Clostridium innocuum as a key bacteria species that may contribute to preterm birth by degrading estradiol, a critical hormone during pregnancy.
A new study by Brown University and Rice University found that state school finance reforms did not reduce racial and ethnic funding inequities and in some cases increased them. The reforms narrowed funding gaps by income but failed to address disparities by race and ethnicity.
A study published in Circulation found that abnormal cell growth in blood vessels leads to organ deterioration and failure in patients with APS. The researchers identified CCN1 and CCN2 proteins as key players in the process, raising hope for new treatment strategies.
A new network map study has identified the crucial roles of immune-mediated inflammation and tyrosinase in hyperpigmentation on sensitive skin. Oxyresveratrol was found to suppress melanin production in B16F10 cells, suggesting its potential as a treatment for hyperpigmentation.
The LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA Collaboration has used the sharpest gravitational wave signal to precisely test Hawking's area theorem and confirm the remnant black hole's nature. The detection confirms that the surface area of the remnant increased, consistent with Hawking's prediction.
A new UC Davis research suggests that smaller, specialized firms can protect their market position against Big Tech giants by strategically opening their data vaults and granting access to their market data. This can turn a formidable rival into a
UCSF researchers develop a new strategy to prime CAR T cell therapy by combining it with diabetes drugs, increasing the efficacy of NECTIN4-CAR T cells in treating urothelial carcinoma. The study shows that using thiazolidinediones enhances NECTIN4 expression, making tumor cells more susceptible to the treatment.
A newly detected black hole merger has provided the clearest evidence yet of how black holes work, confirming fundamental predictions by Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking. The observations reveal insights into the properties of black holes and the nature of space-time, hinting at how quantum physics and general relativity fit together.
A new, free screening tool was designed to help kindergarten teachers quickly identify students who need extra academic or social-emotional support. The tool takes just 10-15 minutes per class and provides a baseline of what each student might need, helping teachers pinpoint areas for additional resources and training.
A retrospective cohort study found that children of racial and ethnic minority groups receiving CPR had higher odds of in-hospital mortality. Additionally, the odds of in-hospital mortality among children receiving CPR were higher at hospitals with the highest proportion of Black patients.
Researchers analyzed data from 33,183 individuals and found that minimally invasive approach was associated with lower complication risks compared to open surgery. This study suggests that expanded use of minimally invasive surgery in rural areas may help bridge the gap between rural and urban patients with colon cancer.
Researchers at NUS have developed a bioengineering approach to keep human lymph node tissue alive and functioning outside the body for several days. The method involves embedding thin slices of lymph node tissue in a soft gel that mimics the body's natural environment, allowing for detailed studies of immune cell behavior.
The US funding withdrawal could lead to a significant increase in tuberculosis-related deaths worldwide. According to the modelling study, this could result in approximately 2.2 million more deaths between 2025 and 2030, across high-burden TB countries.
Researchers at King's College London have discovered that cells use electricity to selectively target and eliminate the weakest neighbours, helping to maintain a balanced and healthy protective layer. This process, known as extrusion, is crucial for balancing cell division and death, and disrupting it can lead to disease.
The Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience has joined the Canadian Science Publishing portfolio, becoming the 23rd journal in the suite. This move expands CSP's publishing reach into the fields of psychiatry and neuroscience, with a focus on high-quality research and editorial independence.
Researchers at the University of Vienna used quantum mechanical calculations to understand the structure and properties of an iron-based catalyst. They found that the spins of three iron atoms are ideally aligned antiparallel to each other, but this condition cannot be satisfied for all three simultaneously due to spin frustration.