Researchers find co-pyrolysis converts agricultural waste into valuable biochar, reducing emissions while improving soil health and sustainability. The process could cut millions of tons of emissions and deliver substantial carbon emission reductions.
A Caltech-led team developed bubble bots that can autonomously target tumors using chemotactic behavior, reducing tumor weight by 60% in mice. The robots use a biocompatible protein shell and can be controlled using ultrasound imaging or magnetically responsive particles.
Apusomonads display a clear avoidance response to blue light by asymmetrizing their posterior flagellum and contracting their cell body. This primitive mechanism provides clues to the evolution of high-speed flagellar movements in opisthokonts.
Researchers have created a nonlinear metasurface that efficiently generates and steers visible light through controlled geometric phase. The device combines high-Q resonance enhancement with pixel-level control of the wavefront, enabling compact chip-based visible/UV sources and LiDAR beam steering.
Researchers at HKUST have developed a novel reinforcement learning-based generative model to predict neural signals and create an artificial information pathway bypassing damaged brain areas. This breakthrough offers new possibilities for neural rehabilitation in patients with motor or cognitive impairments.
Researchers at Adelaide University have uncovered a crucial new mechanism controlling heart development by regulating key growth signals. Neural crest cells fine-tune Wnt signalling to ensure proper heart formation, and disruptions lead to serious congenital heart defects.
A meta-analysis of individual patients with oligometastatic prostate cancer shows that metastasis-directed radiation therapy (MDT) significantly improves patient outcomes, including delayed disease progression and better quality of life. The study included 574 men and found a median of 7.6 months before disease progression in the MDT a...
Researchers found metformin reduces progression of AMD by 37% in people over 55 years, a breakthrough in search for new treatments. The study used pictures from 2,000 eye screenings and adjusted for factors like age, sex, and duration of diabetes.
Researchers at CUNY ASRC developed a metasurface that converts infrared light to visible green light and steers it using polarization control. The device is 100 times more efficient than comparable devices, enabling ultra-compact light sources and on-chip beam steering for various technologies.
Research investigates the influence of strong laser fields on nuclear decay lifetimes, altering nuclear structure and properties. This study provides valuable insights into laser-nucleus interactions and holds promise for applications in the nuclear energy sector.
A new study by RMIT University found that protections in place in Europe can help phase out harmful electricity disconnections without destabilizing power markets. The research highlights the need for evidence-led action to extend disconnection prohibitions and strengthen safeguards for vulnerable consumers.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a novel approach to recover native lignin structure in plants, enabling higher yields of valuable materials with lower energy inputs. This breakthrough advances biofuel production by providing a key component for conversion to other valuable products.
A new study suggests that women vaccinated against human papillomavirus (HPV) may only need cervical cancer screenings 2-3 times over a lifetime, without compromising health benefits. This approach could lead to cost-effectiveness and reduced unnecessary follow-up procedures.
Researchers have developed a new AI-powered correction that addresses instability in hybrid climate models, allowing for reliable simulation of months or years-long processes. The CondensNet architecture learns from reference simulations to correct condensation errors, ensuring physically consistent results.
A new study from the University of Illinois finds that a poverty intervention program in Bangladesh may reinforce gender gaps. The program, BRAC-TUP, provides families with livestock assets, technical training, and life-skills coaching, but its impact on education for girls is limited.
A recent study published in PNAS reveals a novel non-coding RNA molecule, CUL1-IPA, that regulates key cellular functions and supports the structural integrity of the nucleolus. The discovery suggests this molecule may influence patient survival in certain blood cancers.
A new study by OHSU-led researchers found that nearly one-third of physicians enrolled in Medicaid don't actually care for a single patient covered by Medicaid insurance. This 'ghost' phenomenon hinders access to healthcare, leading to delayed or foregone care and ultimately increasing costs.
Researchers found a significant decrease in lead concentrations in hair samples from Utahns, spanning over 100 years. The study demonstrates the impact of environmental regulations on public health and highlights the importance of protecting against toxic metals like lead.
A two-step approach to gene expression creates more resilient producers of nanostructures for advanced sensing and therapeutics. This new genetic regulatory system ensures host cells remain healthy while producing functional nanostructures.
Researchers at Harvard University have developed a new design method for optimizing rolling contact joints in robots, which can lead to better grippers, assistive devices, and more efficient robotic movement. The optimized joints performed spectacularly, correcting misalignment by 99% in knee-assist devices.
A new CU Boulder study reveals that tropical land regions heated up nearly twice as much as the ocean when carbon dioxide levels were similar to today's. The researchers found that land temperatures in the tropics changed about 1.6 to nearly 2 times more than the tropical ocean.
A new AI model can predict moderate heat stress on Florida reefs up to six weeks ahead of time. The model is accurate within one week and provides site-specific predictions, helping coral scientists and restoration practitioners with local reef management and emergency response planning.
Researchers at Stanford University discovered that aging brains struggle with protein disposal, leading to the accumulation of damaged proteins in synaptic connections. This finding sheds light on the mechanisms behind neurodegenerative diseases and may lead to new insights into human brain aging.
Exposure to ozone levels found in affected areas alters the ants' odor signature, causing them to be attacked as if they were foreign intruders. The disruption of chemical communication between adult ants and larvae may also lead to neglect of brood care and larval death.
Researchers achieve highly regio-, stereo-, and enantioselective 1,6-addition of aliphatic Grignard reagents to α,β,γ,δ-unsaturated carbonyl compounds using an iron catalyst with a chiral N-heterocyclic carbene ligand. The achievement offers new opportunities for drug discovery, materials chemistry, and fine-chemical synthesis.
A study by UC Riverside found that Black and Latino teens are more adept at detecting online disinformation, particularly related to race and ethnicity. These teens are quicker to identify false claims and respond with corrective content, often driven by their lived experiences navigating online racism.
A new experimental intranasal spray, INNA-051, will be tested in a randomized Phase 2 trial to determine its safety and effectiveness in reducing illness from respiratory viruses. The study aims to enroll 1,100 healthy adults at increased risk of upper respiratory virus infections.
The latest APA Journal issues explore the intersection of neuroplasticity and substance use, as well as emerging trends in outpatient psychotherapy. The American Psychiatric Association's flagship journals offer insightful research on mental health topics.
A study found that using SGLT2i drugs in patients with gout and type 2 diabetes can lead to lower rates of starting urate-lowering therapy, NSAIDs, and diuretics. This could streamline care and reduce medication burden for these patients.
Scientists at Nagoya University identified a brain circuit that keeps mice awake in unfamiliar environments, releasing neurotensin to maintain wakefulness and protect against potential dangers. This discovery may explain the 'first night effect' in humans, where the brain remains vigilant on the first night in a new place.
Research found that horses exhibit fearful behavior when exposed to human fear odors, adopting the emotional state of fear. This suggests a mechanism of emotional contagion through chemical cues between humans and horses.
Researchers found that narrower soybean leaves can improve how efficiently plants use available light. By altering leaf shape through a single gene, they reduced total leaf area by 13% without affecting yield, resulting in more efficient sunlight conversion into seed.
Researchers have developed an open-source pressure myography tool, HemoLens, which reduces the cost of vascular research to $750 from $40,000. The tool uses affordable manufacturing processes and customizable components, making it easier for researchers to study vascular function.
Individuals who combine climate worry with actions such as volunteering, following a plant-based diet, or avoiding air travel experience fewer depressive and anxiety symptoms. Climate hope in society's ability to mitigate climate change also correlates with reduced mental health issues.
A study found that prenatal alcohol exposure changed aspects of the dopamine system in rhesus monkeys, influencing how quickly they drank alcohol in adulthood. The researchers also discovered individualized neuroadaptive responses to drinking, which may promote the transition to alcohol use disorder.
NTU Singapore is launching three new space projects under the Space Access Programme to accelerate the commercialization of space technologies. The projects include an AI-enabled satellite, a nanosatellite testing next-generation solar cells, and another nanosatellite with advanced propulsion systems.
A new questionnaire-based scale assesses nursing practices supporting fertility preservation decisions in women with cancer. The study highlights three essential dimensions of nursing practice: professional decision-support, communication facilitation, and system-based collaboration.
Researchers discovered that Apex1 plays a crucial role in initiating and progressing bone healing after injury. The protein is required for activating the master regulatory gene Bmp2, which initiates healing by stimulating periosteal expansion and callus formation.
Researchers developed polygenic risk score models to predict breast cancer risk in women of African ancestry, improving accuracy and performance compared to existing models. The new tools could lead to earlier screening, tailored care, and increased survival rates for high-risk women.
Eduardo Miranda, a Stanford University professor, has been recognized for his pioneering work in developing new ground motion models and intensity measures. His research has significantly shaped seismic design provisions and emphasized the use of strong-motion data in both research and teaching.
Researchers have developed special algae that can remove and reuse harmful microplastics from wastewater, cleaning the water as it grows. The engineered algae produces a volatile natural oil called limonene, making it water-repellent and attracting microplastics, which can then be collected and reused to create bioplastic products.
Researchers created a miniaturized ultrasound system that can be used at home or in doctors' offices to scan people at high risk of breast cancer. The new system detects tumors earlier, increasing the chances of successful treatment.
The Vilcek Foundation has awarded $9.6 million to 14 individuals from 12 countries for their contributions to the arts and sciences in the US. This year's prize winners include scientists, artists, and fashion designers who have made significant advancements in their fields.
A recent systematic review has compiled and catalogued publicly available omics data on pituitary tumours, highlighting the need for standardisation and clinical annotation. The resulting catalogue facilitates the reuse of data for future research projects and precision medicine initiatives.
A new study reveals that young adults in Sweden report lower life satisfaction, a weaker sense of meaning, and higher levels of loneliness, anxiety, and depression compared to older age groups. In contrast, older Swedes are among the happiest in the world, with strong close relationships and less loneliness.
A recent study found significant changes in post-COVID respiratory infections among children, with Mycoplasma pneumoniae experiencing a surge after restrictions were lifted. The study also revealed strong interactions between pathogens, including negative correlations and pathogen interference.
A new study found that MET signaling plays a critical protective role in acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure by reducing liver damage and accelerating regeneration. The findings suggest targeting MET signaling could become a game-changer for treating drug-induced ALF, potentially reducing the need for emergency liver transplants.
Dr. George Coukos, a leading authority on tumor immunology and cellular immunotherapy, joins Weill Cornell Medicine to lead the Ludwig Laboratory for Cell Therapy.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London have developed an AI system called Auto MV that can generate complete music videos directly from full-length songs. The system uses a multi-agent approach to analyze the musical structure and lyrics, plan scenes, and generate images and video clips.
Researchers discovered that microorganisms attached to rock surfaces have a stronger influence on community structure than environmental factors. These 'attached' microbes are highly specialized, generating energy from inorganic substances and contributing to carbon storage.
Researchers found that carrying one mutant copy of ATP13A2 and GBA1 drives a slow, progressive neurodegeneration in flies, leading to movement problems, neuron loss, and disruption in neural communication. Accumulation of glucosylceramide in glial cells is linked to the disease process.
Researchers urge policymakers to re-evaluate accountability in climate policy as the world inches closer to exceeding the 1.5°C target, emphasizing the need for integrated remedies and quantifying equity under overshoot scenarios.
Researchers found that overexpressed Fc gamma receptors on reactive microglia mistakenly identify healthy neurons, leading to their elimination. Immunotherapy targeting these receptors could slow disease progression by preserving dopaminergic neurons.
The study reveals that higher language proficiency is associated with stronger functional connectivity within the brain network responsible for cognitive task performance. Deaf and hearing participants performed tasks similarly, but differences were observed in brain activity patterns.
A study warns that current school-based mental health support for children from multilingual backgrounds can be less effective and inaccessible due to linguistic and cultural challenges. The researchers found that conversations were often 'lost in translation,' leading to reduced parental engagement and attendance.
A team of researchers from Okayama University directly observes the atomic-scale growth of ultra-thin semiconductor crystals using a microreactor. They identify multiple growth regimes and dynamics, shedding light on how crystal shape and quality depend on conditions.
A new study from McGill University identified five distinct biological subtypes of chronotypes, which are linked to unique behavioral and health patterns. The research found that one group of night owls is more vulnerable to depression, while another group of early birds has fewer health problems overall.
Vanderbilt Health has acquired Tennova Healthcare-Clarksville Hospital and its related businesses, including physician clinics and outpatient services. The acquisition expands the health system's ability to serve patients across the region, providing high-quality care in more convenient community settings.
Scientists studying light pollution's impact on moths aim to develop a more detailed understanding of its effects. The Lightstar project will track moths using ultra-lightweight responders and simulate street lighting conditions in field experiments.
A retrospective analysis of 94 adult patients who underwent PEEK cranioplasty found that surface architecture may influence postoperative healing, with smooth implants associated with higher rates of wound complications and infections. Perforated implants showed lower rates of major fluid collections, especially in trauma patients.