A study published in Biochar found that optimized biochar application could reduce China's cropland nitrous oxide emissions by as much as 50 percent. The researchers analyzed data from over a decade of field studies across China and identified optimal biochar strategies to deliver substantial climate benefits.
The US nuclear power renaissance faces a blind spot in uranium fuel supplies, which are tight, vulnerable to geopolitics, and expensive. New fuel forms for advanced reactors offer promise, but scaling them affordably could squeeze conventional fuel markets.
Researchers found a neuroendocrine mechanism linking ovarian status to brain signals controlling sexual receptivity in female teleosts. Progesterone analogs restored sexual behavior but not ovulation, suggesting a direct neural pathway for hormone reception.
A national study reveals that pharmacists are at a significantly higher risk of suicide compared to the general population. The study found that job-related stress and mental health issues are key factors contributing to these deaths, highlighting the need for improved workplace policies and resources.
The American College of Lifestyle Medicine endorses the new Dietary Guidelines' emphasis on whole food as a key element in preventing lifestyle-related chronic diseases. The guidelines recommend increasing fruit and vegetable intake and limiting added sugars, refined grains, and processed foods.
The Rice Brain Institute has awarded seed grants to four collaborative projects that unite Rice faculty with clinicians and scientists across the Texas Medical Center. The grants support innovative research in brain science, mental health, and neurological disease.
A clinical trial by UC San Diego School of Medicine found that personalizing cancer treatments using molecular testing improves treatment success. The study used advanced genomic sequencing to identify unique tumor DNA profiles and developed personalized treatment plans, resulting in better treatment results for patients.
Researchers compared seedling germination, growth and nutrient uptake in pure food waste substrate, commercial potting mix and blends with varying ratios. Mixtures with less than 50% food waste compost produced better results.
A new study found that only a quarter of reproductive health experts prescribe self-administered injectable contraceptives, despite its safety and effectiveness. The study identified barriers such as concerns about patient ability, medication availability, and lack of standardized counseling approaches.
The funding will support research at UCLA's David Geffen School of Medicine, College of Letters and Science, and Fielding School of Public Health. The studies aim to inform evidence-based regulation and public health priorities.
A new UCLA study finds that the Patient Safety Indicator 04 (PSI 04) metric is fundamentally flawed when applied to emergency stroke care. The researchers argue that the metric incorrectly flags unavoidable complications of severe strokes, rather than problems with the procedure itself.
A recent paper highlights the need for defense mechanisms covering software, programs, and physical components of quantum computing systems. Key findings include the risk of crosstalk, intellectual property theft, and lack of end-to-end protection, emphasizing the need for safeguarding quantum computers from ground up.
Researchers developed a smartphone-based assessment approach to detect improvements in daytime insomnia symptoms, detecting treatment effects more powerfully than traditional methods. The new method leverages real-time, multimethod assessment and shows potential for personalizing sleep medicine care.
Researchers found science fiction and genre elements were popular among readers, with top authors including Ursula K. Le Guin and Octavia E. Butler. The analysis also revealed trends driven by news events and the selection of canonical authors for the Seattle Reads program.
Researchers at UH Seidman Cancer Center have developed a reliable tool to predict early biochemical response in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer patients. This framework enables clinicians to identify high-risk patients at diagnosis, guide early treatment discussions, and potentially improve patient outcomes.
A new qualitative study highlights the profound toll of caregiving on family members of individuals with acute leukemia. Caregivers described living in two worlds, one dominated by cancer and another defined by their personal lives. The findings underscore the need for caregiver support as standard cancer care.
Researchers at Columbia University found that people form stronger memories when in familiar locations, as the brain creates a deeper and richer memory for events. The study also suggests that prior knowledge is crucial in learning and that neuro-imaging can identify gaps in knowledge that need to be repaired.
A new study has identified unique protein signatures linked to ethnicity and changes in physical activity, which may influence cardiometabolic health. The research found that South Asian individuals may face a higher risk of cardiometabolic disorders due to distinct immune, inflammatory, and metabolic pathways.
A new approach to assessing patients with disorders of consciousness combines six assessment techniques, including high-density EEG and functional MRI. The study reveals that combining data from multiple techniques significantly improves model performance and provides a synthetic and precise assessment of patient outcomes.
Scientists discovered that authigenic clays played a crucial role in preserving the Ediacara Biota fossils. The unusual chemistry of the Ediacaran seawater helped to form these clays, which acted as cement, holding together sand particles and replicating the organisms' soft-bodied forms.
The Mount Sinai Health System has launched an AI-powered clinical trial-matching platform, PRISM, to help connect patients with life-saving trials. The platform uses machine learning to match patients with trials based on their electronic health records and diagnosis.
Researchers at UBC Okanagan developed a two-layer membrane filtration system that significantly reduces micro and nanoplastics in landfill leachate. The top layer uses chemical attraction and filtration to capture pollutants, while the lower layer repels remaining particles through electrostatic forces.
Leadership from Insilico Medicine will discuss its groundbreaking collaboration with Capgemini, showcasing Pharmaceutical Superintelligence in action. The company's diversified pipeline includes 40+ programs discovered using Pharma.AI, with positive topline results from a Phase IIa trial for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Researchers found that OTULIN, an enzyme regulating the immune system, drives tau formation and brain inflammation. Deactivating OTULIN halted tau production and removed it from neurons.
The study found that women with two to three children tend to live the longest, while those with an above-average number of children have shorter lifespan. Pregnancies between ages 24 and 38 were also linked to more favorable aging patterns.
A new sensor developed by the Universitat Politècnica de València can quickly detect scopolamine, a substance commonly used in chemical submission crimes, with high sensitivity. The sensor uses a molecular cage to trap specific molecules and generates a fluorescent signal proportional to the amount of scopolamine present.
A study of over 3,000 entrepreneurs in 18 European countries found that values related to independence, creativity, and novelty are linked to higher life satisfaction and lower psychological distress. In contrast, those motivated by financial success or status experienced lower life satisfaction and greater emotional strain.
A narrative review reveals that disaster-related prenatal maternal stress can lead to epigenetic modifications in offspring, affecting child health outcomes. Epigenetic markers show promise for shaping interventions to mitigate the effects of stress on health outcomes.
A study published in Nature Geoscience reveals that the end of the last ice age coincided with the emergence of salty water trapped in the deep ocean. This 'salty blob' played a crucial role in locking away carbon dioxide, which contributed to lower average temperatures.
A novel osmium-based photocatalyst effectively captures long-wavelength visible light, improving solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiency. The new material can harness a broader range of sunlight, generating more excited electrons to enhance hydrogen-evolution performance.
A longitudinal study of 125 children found that early environmental factors can predict ADHD, with infants showing high motor activity benefiting from rich home environments. This sensitivity is linked to better cognitive functioning and fewer ADHD symptoms in later childhood.
Researchers at Yale and Missouri developed manganese-based catalysts that effectively convert carbon dioxide into formate, a potential key contributor of hydrogen for fuel cells. This breakthrough addresses the challenge of producing cost-efficient ways to produce and store hydrogen.
Researchers have introduced a spatial-adaptive active-learning workflow to accelerate search for highly durable OER catalysts. The new method optimizes two objectives sequentially within a unified framework, identifying a Cu-RuO2 catalyst with exceptional performance and long-term stability.
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia researchers have developed a method to help cancer immunotherapies reach 'invisible' tumors. HLA-Shuttle is an engineered protein complex that restores antigen presentation in immunologically 'cold' neuroblastoma cells, identifying previously unknown targets across 30 genes linked to neuroblastoma.
A recent study from Michigan State University found that blocking postoperative inflammation may actually delay recovery and prolong pain. The researchers used a mouse model to investigate the role of TNF-α signaling in postoperative pain resolution.
A recent study suggests that dark stars could provide solutions to three pressing puzzles of the high-redshift universe: blue monster galaxies, overmassive black hole galaxies, and little red dots. Dark stars form in dark matter-rich environments and can grow to become supermassive, complementing standard models of galaxy formation.
A Johns Hopkins-led team has created the first map of nerve circuitry in bone, revealing how sensory neurons communicate with bone-building cells to promote healing. The study identifies key protein signals necessary for bone formation and repair.
A research group at Penn State introduced a new, high-speed design process for nanoscopic materials used in advanced optical systems. The method uses large language models (LLMs) to predict how metasurfaces will influence light, bypassing traditional simulation processes that required extensive domain knowledge and time.
Corewell Health, Michigan State University, and Every Cure partner to advance the use of decades-old drug difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) to treat ultra-rare Bachmann-Bupp syndrome. Early observations show promising results in improving symptoms, paving the way for clinical trials.
The study created a critical framework for understanding the architecture of the genome and its association with gene function in cells. The 4DN Consortium integrated data from over a dozen techniques to compile an extensive catalogue of looping interactions between genes and regulatory elements.
Research finds that temperature spikes are associated with increases in interpersonal and self-inflicted violence, particularly among low-income communities. Warmer temperatures increase outbursts of temper and negative reactions to others, contributing to a rise in arguments, confrontations, and assaults.
Researchers develop CAR T cell therapy that recognizes BCMA and BAFF-R proteins, providing a new approach to treating multiple myeloma. The treatment has shown promise in preclinical trials, with the potential to prevent relapse and extend lifespan.
Scientists at LMU developed a method to amplify changes in incoming light, enabling precise measurements of minute shifts and tilts. This breakthrough allows for sensitive applications like atomic force microscopy and could even pick up vibrations in glass caused by conversations.
The study found that even with immunosuppressants, innate immunity remains activated, indicating a need for new therapies to prevent organ rejection. Researchers recommend combining therapies targeting innate immunity with advanced genetic engineering in donor pigs.
Researchers have spotted the largest-known stream of super-heated gas, a kiloparsec-scale jet, erupting from a nearby galaxy called VV 340a. The team used radio wave images to reveal the jet and its associated coronal line emission, which is equivalent to 10 quintillion hydrogen bombs going off every second.
A team of researchers led by Alian Wang has discovered the isotopic geochemical consequences of Martian dust activities. The study reveals that dust-induced electric discharges can lead to various oxidized chemicals, including volatile chlorine species, activated oxides, and airborne carbonates.
A new study identifies shared genetic factors influencing both coronary artery calcification and bone mineral density, suggesting common underlying biology rather than a direct causal link. The findings highlight potential targets for interventions supporting both cardiovascular and skeletal health as people age.
The Tennessee Valley Authority has invested $3 million to establish a nuclear engineering chair at the University of Tennessee, advancing academic excellence and workforce development. The partnership aims to drive innovation and strengthen East Tennessee's role in nuclear energy.
A new digital and legally binding fingerprint developed at the University of Copenhagen makes products impossible to counterfeit. Royal Copenhagen is among the first brands in the world to use this solution, resulting in immediate transparency across their distribution chain.
Scientists at The Wertheim UF Scripps Institute have designed potential diabetes drugs that reprogram insulin-resistant cells into a healthier state while limiting side effect risks. The compounds target PPAR gamma, a master regulator of fat cell and insulin metabolism.
A new study by Shany Dror and colleagues reveals that 'gifted word learner' dogs can learn new words by overhearing their owners' conversations, similar to 18-23-month-old children. These dogs demonstrate exceptional language abilities, mapping new words to objects even when they are not presented simultaneously.
A new 'pocket microscope' technology enables direct molecular imaging with femtogram precision, transforming pathology workflows and opening new frontiers in space biology. The deep-ultraviolet ptychographic pocket-scope (DART) provides label-free spectroscopic contrast without external labels.
Researchers at KAIST and Yonsei University have identified Glial Progenitor Cells as the origin of IDH-mutant gliomas. The study reveals that these cells acquire the initial mutation long before a visible tumor mass forms, opening new paths for early diagnosis and treatment.
A global review of COVID-19 vaccination and infection cases found associations between the two and certain types of cancer. The study analyzed 69 publications and identified potential biological mechanisms, including immune responses and inflammation.
This study elucidates BTR1's unique mechanism in transporting ammonia, sodium ions, and protons. The cryo-EM structures and molecular dynamics simulations reveal key regulatory sites and functional residues facilitating substrate passage.
Knocking out the OsDT5 gene boosts drought resistance in rice, corn, and wheat, as well as the bryophyte Physcomitrium patens. The study provides a unified mechanistic framework for drought adaptation in terrestrial plants.
The Nagoya University ISEE Award has recognized Professor Hiroyuki Yamada's pioneering work on high-altitude penetration flight observation techniques for typhoons. His research enabled scientists to observe the complete vertical structure of typhoons, providing unprecedented data on storm intensity.
Researchers created an ultrathin hydrogel electrode that can track vital signals without interruption, overcoming previous dehydration, freezing, and mechanical fragility issues. The new material forms a flexible layer that can withstand extreme temperatures and retain water content over time.
A new study published in Science uncovers how the brain prepares and produces facial gestures through a temporally organized hierarchy of neural codes. The research found that multiple brain regions work in parallel, each contributing different timing-based codes to generate coherent facial gestures.
A team led by Pitt graduate student Daniel Ivanov has discovered a barred spiral galaxy, COSMOS-74706, at a redshift of 11.5 billion years ago, marking the earliest observed instance of this structure type. This finding helps constrain the timeframe for bar formation in the universe.