Cornell researchers have found that a longer infusion time of boronophenylalanine is needed to effectively target cancer cells in brain tumors. The new finding has the potential to improve the success of boron neutron capture therapy, which has shown moderate success in treating tumors but struggles with aggressive cell clusters.
Researchers observed supernova remnants in two neighboring galaxies, providing new insight into gas shocked by blast waves and material structure between stars. The findings expand our understanding of a star's long-term evolution and how elements are redistributed into interstellar space.
Researchers using galaxy cluster surveys can measure the equation of state of dark energy, which would provide clues about its nature and origin. By studying scaling relations and X-ray emission, scientists hope to determine the essence of dark energy.
Scientists at the University of Illinois developed a lensless X-ray microscope that can image microscopic crystals in three dimensions. This technique offers potential for studying nanocrystalline materials and protein crystals, providing new insights into their growth mechanisms.
Researchers have developed a new x-ray technique called diffraction enhanced imaging (DEI) that can image cartilage and detect early stages of osteoarthritis. This technology has the potential to improve diagnosis and treatment of the disease, which affects over half of the nation's elderly.
Researchers at Cornell University have developed a novel X-ray camera capable of capturing microsecond images of events hidden to optical cameras. The camera successfully imaged shock waves generated by high-pressure fuel sprays, providing new insights into the distribution and atomization of diesel fuel.
A new MIT model proposes that cosmic explosions may be triggered by a cosmic tango between a black hole and its companion, a spinning torus of stellar material. The model suggests that the energy released during this dance could explain recent observations of gamma-ray bursts.
The Gemini Observatory has dedicated its second telescope, Gemini South, marking a decade of work by hundreds of people to build two advanced 8-meter instruments. Astronomers in the US and around the world now have access to unprecedented sky coverage.
Astronomers have detected X-ray radiation from the Milky Way’s center for over two decades, but the origin remained a mystery due to poor resolution. The new image reveals individual X-ray sources and hot gas, leading scientists to conclude that most high-energy radiation comes from white dwarf stars, neutron stars, and black holes.
Researchers propose a new mechanism to explain the X-ray galactic ridge's origin, involving low-energy cosmic rays interacting with neutral molecular clouds. The study suggests that this process can produce the observed X-ray emission without requiring dramatic events or unusual astrophysical processes.
Researchers found enormous cosmic bubbles, dubbed 'ghost cavities,' containing faint radio emissions that may hold magnetic fields. These bubbles could be crucial in creating new stars and shaping galaxy cluster structure.
Rice University researchers have developed a new technique to calculate the distance of gamma-ray bursts, enabling scientists to learn more about the early universe's formation and evolution. The method uses changes in color to determine the cooling rate of high-energy pulses in these cosmic events.
Neutrinos may fly out first in powerful gamma-ray bursts, carrying details of the universe's first stars. Scientists believe neutrino bursts can help detect massive star collapses and dark gamma-ray dark collapses.
Researchers using NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory have discovered a probable pulsar at the center of a 1,600-year-old supernova. The finding provides evidence for an associated pulsar and allows for detailed study of the supernova remnant. This discovery helps connect pulsars with massive stars from which they formed.
Researchers found that young stars in Orion exhibit high levels of X-ray flaring, sufficient to explain the production of unusual isotopes locked away in ancient meteorites. This discovery suggests that our Sun may have also formed these isotopes during its baby years.
A team of scientists led by Leisa Townsley has found evidence of X-ray-emitting gas in the Rosette Nebula, a star-forming region. This gas is thought to be created by the collision of stellar winds from massive stars and may play a significant role in shaping the galaxy's interstellar medium.
Scientists have successfully observed an optical coronal line from iron ions in a star called CN Leonis, located 8 light-years away. This achievement marks the first time such a detection has been made outside of our solar system and opens up new avenues for studying stellar cycles.
Astronomers using the Chandra X-ray Observatory discovered a complex shape of the Cat's Eye Nebula, which is driven by hot gas. The team also found an unexpected X-ray source at the central star, sparking questions about its formation.
Scientists using Chandra X-ray Observatory discovered a supernova remnant in the center of our galaxy, which may help regulate a nearby supermassive black hole. The remnant is believed to be responsible for intense feeding of material into the black hole, followed by a period of starvation.
Scientists confirm pulsar formed in 386 AD supernova, a historic event witnessed by Chinese astronomers. The discovery, using NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, provides strong evidence for the pulsar's age and sheds new light on the behavior of young neutron stars.
Researchers using Chandra X-ray Observatory associate a pulsar with a historic supernova, dated back to 386 AD, providing strong evidence for the young age of the pulsar. The discovery challenges conventional wisdom on pulsars and their formation.
A team of U.S. and European astronomers detect X-rays from the farthest known quasar, SDSSp J1044-0125, with a redshift of 5.8, revealing the universe's earliest objects. The quasar's low X-ray emission suggests it may be a 'precursor quasar' or have strong accretion processes.
Astronomers using Chandra X-ray Observatory have discovered that protostars, the youngest stage of star formation, are marked by powerful X-rays from plasma ten times hotter and 100 to 100,000 times brighter than our Sun's flares. This has provided the closest look yet at the youngest stars in the Universe.
Researchers detect first P Cygni profile in X-rays, revealing a 4.5-million-mile-per-hour wind from a compact pair of stars. The discovery provides new insights into stellar winds and their role in astrophysics.
Astronomers use a flickering quasar image to estimate the expansion rate of the Universe and measure distances to extragalactic objects. The Chandra X-ray Observatory's mirage technique provides a promising method to avoid uncertainties in classic distance-ladder techniques.
Researchers found evidence that supernovae explosions can leave behind iron-rich gas clouds that feed gamma-ray bursts. The 'supranova' model suggests that the gamma-ray burst arises from the delayed collapse of a neutron star formed by the supernova explosion.
The Interplanetary Network detected a gigantic gamma-ray burst, the most distant ever observed, from a dying star 30 times more massive than the sun. The burst is believed to have occurred 11 billion years ago and has been traveling through space for the same amount of time.
Researchers at Cornell University have developed a new imaging technique called ion microscopy, which offers high sensitivity for detecting isotopes of elements. This technique promises to open new avenues of cancer research by localizing anticancer drugs inside tumor cells.
A new X-ray telescope will allow astrophysicists to peer down the mouths of black holes with unprecedented resolution. The instrument can resolve an object the size of a Frisbee on the sun, enabling the study of stellar systems and astrophysical jets.
Scientists have found a mid-mass black hole in the M82 galaxy, which packs the mass of at least 500 suns into a region about the size of the Moon. The discovery opens a new field of research and suggests that such black holes may exist in our own galaxy.
Chandra has revealed unprecedented images of a blast wave from an exploding star, a flare from a brown dwarf, and a small galaxy being cannibalized by a larger one. The observatory's high resolution has enabled scientists to pinpoint sources of the X-ray background glow, leading to a better understanding of our universe.
Researchers observed a bright X-ray flare from a brown dwarf, LP 944-20, which lasted nearly two hours and had an energy comparable to small solar flares. The flare's origin is believed to be in twisted magnetic fields beneath the surface of the brown dwarf, providing strong hints about the existence of turbulent magnetized hot material.
The National Science Foundation has awarded a $1.1 million research grant to the University of Alaska Museum to create the Arctic Archival Observatory, the first NSF-funded observatory of its kind in the U.S. The grant will enhance hands-on opportunities for graduate students and improve access to museum holdings.
A team led by Dr. Charles Meegan is developing a new burst monitor to fly on the Gamma Ray Large Area Space Telescope, which will provide broad energy coverage for gamma-ray studies and help solve the nature of gamma-ray bursts.
Astronomers use NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory to study the growth of Perseus A, a supergiant galaxy at the center of a large galaxy cluster. The research reveals that Perseus A has accumulated hundreds of billions of stars by cannibalizing gas and smaller galaxies in the vicinity.
New Chandra X-ray Observatory images reveal a luminous spike from a giant black hole, a compact nebular resembling a cosmic crossbow, and a hot bubble of gas surrounding a dying star. These observations contradict theoretical predictions, indicating the presence of high-energy particles beyond expectations.
Astronomers have directly detected a new type of stellar flare on the binary system HR 1099, challenging current models and providing insight into flare physics. The flares were observed in a narrow temperature range of gas on the star, distinct from the hot gas that emits X-rays.
Astronomers use Chandra to study a cloud of gas in NGC 4151, blown away from the black hole at incredible velocities. The observation shows how massive black holes disrupt their surroundings over vast distances.
Future orbiting X-ray telescopes will detect iron emissions in accretion disks around giant black holes, confirming their spin rates. This new telescope system could reveal the variability of X-ray emissions and test Einstein's theories on general relativity.
Compton Gamma Ray Observatory's Burst And Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) discovered nearly 30 new exotic astrophysical objects and phenomena, rewriting astronomy textbooks. The instrument also contributed to 10 scientific prizes and 18 Ph.Ds.
A team of researchers used the High Energy Transmission Grating to study a powerful gas flow surrounding a giant black hole. The wind is driven by intense radiation and contains elements such as oxygen, neon, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, argon, and iron.
Astronomers used Chandra to survey the Hubble Deep Field North, detecting six galaxies that defy expectations with their high rate of star formation and giant black holes. The discovery indicates that only 15% of submillimeter sources can be luminous X-ray sources.
The Chandra X-ray Observatory has imaged the full impact of Supernova 1987A for the first time, revealing a shock wave smashing into the outer parts of a ring at 4,500 km/s. The gas behind the shock wave has a temperature of ten million degrees Celsius.
The NEAR spacecraft has obtained the first ever laser range returns from an asteroid and the first ever X-ray detection of an asteroid. High-resolution images show chains of craters, numerous boulders, and long ridges on the surface of asteroid Eros.
Scientists have imaged the pressure fronts in a colossal cosmic 'weather system' produced by the collision of two giant clusters of galaxies. The data reveals a bright but relatively cool central region embedded in a large cloud of hot gas. This is the first detailed look at the late stages of this merger process.
Astronomers have created an energy spectrum of hot gas surrounding a giant black hole using NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory. The study reveals a warm blanket of gas expanding rapidly away from the black hole and provides insights into the complex nature of inflowing and outflowing gas in galaxies.
The discovery sheds light on the formation and death of stars, revealing intricate structures such as neutron stars, black holes, and X-ray binary systems. The image provides valuable insights into the distribution of heavy atoms throughout the universe, offering a glimpse into the early history of the cosmos.
Astronomers have discovered an expanding oxygen and neon ring in the remnants of a massive star explosion, providing unprecedented insights into the creation and dispersal of heavy elements. The findings suggest that these elements are necessary for life on Earth and could provide clues to the nature of supernovae.
NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory has detected nearly a thousand faint X-ray-emitting stars in the young star-forming region of the Orion Nebula. The discovery will help unravel the astrophysical principles underlying violent magnetic activity in young stars.
A team of scientists used Chandra to observe the Andromeda Galaxy and found a supermassive black hole with a surprisingly cool gas funneling into it. The temperature of this gas is only several million degrees, unlike other X-ray sources in the galaxy that reach millions of degrees.
Researchers detect faint X-ray source close to Sagittarius A*, a supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy, using NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory. The discovery provides fresh insight into how the black hole is powered and may challenge current models.
Astronomers pinpointed a gamma-ray burst's precise location using coordinated observations from NASA satellites, providing data on X-rays and visible energy. The blast occurred over 10 billion light years away, roughly 2 billion years after the Big Bang.
A team of astronomers has used Chandra to map the distribution of silicon, sulfur, and iron in Cassiopeia A, a supernova remnant. The findings provide insights into how elements are produced in stars and their subsequent release into space.
Scientists used NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory to capture a rare glimpse of X-radiation from the early phases of a supernova. The observations revealed that the supernova shed a relatively small amount of matter before it exploded, compared to other supernovae.
The Chandra X-ray Observatory has been selected as one of the top 100 'Best of What's New' items by Popular Science magazine, highlighting its significant contributions to X-ray astronomy. The observatory is already sending back impressive images that are aiding in understanding exploding stars, black holes, and other celestial phenomena.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories' Z machine create temperatures rivaling the Sun's to study iron in black holes and neutron stars. The experiments help astronomers interpret images from the Chandra X-ray observatory, shedding light on the universe's evolution and eventual expiration.
Astrophysicists use 'forensic science' to study gamma-ray bursts, seeking clues about their causes. Observations suggest that many bursts are linked to star formation and blue galaxies.
Gamma-ray bursts remain a mystery despite over 2,500 recorded events and numerous burst sources identified. Scientists caution against interpreting data carefully due to potential systematic errors in measurement systems.
Researchers discuss alternative theories for Magnetar outbursts, including the role of intense magnetic fields and environmental influences. The magnetar theory suggests that giant flare events occur when the neutron crust cracks, while an alternative explanation proposes a relativistic wind of interstellar material surrounding the SGR.
Astronomers have found evidence of a prompt high-energy afterglow component from a gamma-ray burst, suggesting multiple energy emission processes and mechanisms. This discovery supports the idea that different activities cause what appears to be a chaotic explosion.