The US government is expected to issue a draft report with recommendations for ocean policy, addressing issues like resource stewardship and pollution prevention. The commission's report emphasizes the need for ecosystem-based management to sustain long-term exploitation.
The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) honors forensic anthropologist Fredy Peccerelli for his work with the Guatemalan Forensic Anthropology Foundation, investigating mass human rights abuses and exhuming thousands of victims' remains. Despite facing death threats and impunity, Peccerelli's work has promoted hu...
The American Association for the Advancement of Science recommends physicians consider risk factors and prevention options when prescribing hormone replacement therapy. Women with a high risk of chronic diseases may benefit from alternative treatments, while those with menopause-related symptoms may still be suitable candidates for HRT.
Researchers have developed a portable cooling system that weighs just several pounds and can detect chemical and biological toxins using miniature sensors. These devices use microchannels to enhance heat transfer or chemical reactions, enabling better process control and overall miniaturization of systems.
Studies find that prenatal exposure to lead, alcohol, and anesthetic drugs can cause brain damage in young adults. Research suggests that these substances trigger apoptosis, a form of cell death, by interfering with neural connections.
Researchers have created a genetic map of purebred dogs, revealing how breeds evolved and inherited traits. The study also found that similar trade-offs in genetics are present in both dogs and modern foxes.
Research reveals that specialized teaching can give dyslexic brains a 'jump start,' activating key areas used by normal readers. Training the meaning word form and sounds improves ability to analyze sounds and words in specific brain regions.
Researchers have found that autistic children's brains can activate the temporal lobe, a key region for face processing, when viewing familiar faces. This suggests that increased exposure to faces, such as those of parents, may improve facial recognition in individuals with autism.
Researchers have developed versatile human embryonic stem cells capable of becoming any cell type, offering potential for transplantation medicine. The cells were created by transferring a somatic cell nucleus into an egg, reprogramming its genes to produce pluripotent stem cells.
The American Association for the Advancement of Science names WMAP satellite and Sloan Digital Sky Survey as key discoveries confirming a dark, expanding universe dominated by 73% dark energy. Scientists also identified genes increasing mental illness risk and reported global warming impacts.
The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) has awarded fellowships to 10 Chinese reporters to promote science journalism in China. The program aims to encourage young journalists to accurately convey scientific issues to the public, supporting sustainable development and vaccine research.
Dr. Walter Reich received the AAAS Scientific Freedom and Responsibility Award for his work exposing psychiatric abuse in the Soviet Union. He revealed how Soviet psychiatrists used this tactic to curb dissent, leading to human rights abuses.
John Allen Paulos, known for communicating the pleasures of mathematics to huge audiences, has received the AAAS Award for Public Understanding of Science & Technology. He has written seven books, including 'Innumeracy' and 'A Mathematician Reads the Newspaper', which have received glowing reviews.
The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) honored six reporters for their outstanding contributions to science journalism between July 1, 2002 and June 30, 2003. The winners used science storytelling to convey complex issues and make them accessible to the general audience.
New research suggests that predators play a crucial role in driving the four-year population cycle of collared lemmings in eastern Greenland. The study found that generalist predators like foxes, owls, and skuas synchronize their numbers with those of lemmings, while specialist predators like stoats lag behind.
Lei Wang, a post-doctoral researcher, developed a method to insert an extra amino acid into proteins in live cells, expanding the genetic code. This breakthrough has opened new research horizons and could lead to highly specific genetic engineering.
The American Association for the Advancement of Science conducted a survey to identify top biopharma employers, with Genentech Inc. and Johnson & Johnson taking the first two spots. The survey analyzed responses from 910 Science readers and assigned scores based on specific characteristics.
The giant rodent, Phoberomys pattersoni, weighed about 1,545 pounds and was a semi-aquatic species that foraged along riverbanks. It is believed to have gone extinct due to its slow speed, which made it vulnerable to predators.
Researchers have found a way to extend the lives of chilled platelets after transfusion, potentially increasing the platelet supply and making it easier to transport. This breakthrough could help more patients receive life-saving platelet transfusions.
Researchers discovered that the brain can associate certain stimuli with food consumption when hungry, but not after eating. This association is linked to brain regions involved in conditioning and reward pathways.
A recent study reports a correlation between declining vaccinations and increasing measles outbreak sizes in the UK. The reproductive number, measuring the spreadability of measles, has increased to approach endemic disease levels.
Researchers have found that stem cells from blood vessels can regenerate wasting muscle in mice with muscular dystrophy-like symptoms. The study's results provide a possible new approach for treating the disease, which currently has no cure.
A new study found that a drug can temporarily improve tactile acuity by reorganizing brain activity, offering potential treatments for learning disabilities and chronic pain. The treatment involves finger stimulation with a drug, which boosts the number of neurons involved in processing tactile information.
Researchers engineered bacteria to produce bixin, a plant product used in foods and cosmetics, by replicating the plant's biosynthetic pathway. The genetically modified E. coli can produce the same compound as the natural source, providing an alternative for expanding supply and addressing challenges in non-biological synthesis.
A recent brain study suggests that individual differences in temperament may be associated with persistent differences in brain activity related to emotion and novelty detection. Inhibited children showed a relatively high level of activity in the amygdala when shown unfamiliar faces, whereas uninhibited children showed less activity.
Researchers used data on recent SARS cases to project how the epidemic will proceed under various circumstances. They found that careful interventions, such as reducing contacts and improving treatment, can control the spread of the virus.
A study by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) found that monarchs use their internal circadian clock to navigate towards Mexico. The researchers manipulated daily light cycles on butterflies in a flight simulator, showing that disrupted clocks hinder navigation.
The AAAS Science Journalism Awards honor exemplary communications efforts in science reporting completed between July 1, 2002 and June 30, 2003. Winners receive awards for scientific accuracy, originality, clarity of interpretation, and fostering public understanding of science.
Researchers genetically inactivated an enzyme, acid sphingomyelinase, to show that damage to endothelial cells is another way radiation kills tumor cells. Tumors without the enzyme were radioresistant, while those with it responded well to low doses of radiation.
Researchers created miniaturized fluid drive devices that control flow and fluidic memory using polymer liquids. These findings could lead to implantable devices monitoring human physiology and delivering drugs accordingly.
The article reports on the release of the first peer-reviewed SARS genome sequence, confirming a new variety of coronavirus and providing insights into the virus's molecular components. The genomic sequence is expected to aid in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of SARS.
Researchers found that older macaque monkeys have reduced GABA levels, leading to increased neuronal firing and decreased visual function. This study provides insight into the potential causes of age-related cognitive decline and may lead to the development of new treatments.
Researchers discovered that lambs born from undernourished mothers exhibit significantly shorter gestation periods compared to those from well-fed mothers. The study suggests that maternal undernutrition around the time of conception may trigger an early birth, potentially due to hormonal changes in fetal development.
A France-based research team has discovered the gene responsible for Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria, a disease that causes young victims to age five to ten times faster than normal. The discovery is a critical step toward developing therapies for the disorder and programs to screen individuals for the defective gene.
A new study found that genes protecting against prion diseases, which can be spread through eating contaminated flesh, have long been widespread globally. The research suggests that prehistoric humans practiced cannibalism, leading to the spread of protective genetic variations.
New research links bright beak colors to healthier immune systems in male birds, with carotenoids playing a key role in conveying individual health. The studies provide the first direct evidence that males' flashy features accurately indicate their fitness.
Researchers discovered that human sperm cells have a receptor for chemo-attraction, which triggers movement towards elevated concentrations of a sperm-attracting substance called bourgeonal. This finding suggests that sperm may be able to 'smell' their way to the egg.
A new study by the American Association for the Advancement of Science reports that Europe's population will likely continue to shrink despite increasing birthrates. The timing of childbirth is cited as a key factor, with women delaying births for longer periods, reducing potential mothers and contributing to negative population momentum.
Kirk Johnson's latest discovery of the rainforest in Denver provides answers to key questions about ancient landscaping and will aid scientists in predicting groundwater availability. The rainforest, one of the oldest-known on earth, is now on display at the DMNS, accompanied by a Web site and book.
The iScope system provides a platform for researchers to study mouse brain tissue samples and advance understanding of complex traits such as dyslexia and schizophrenia. By enabling real-time access to high-resolution images and genetic data, the iScope facilitates international collaboration and accelerates discoveries in neuroscience.
Breakthroughs in snow making and ski design are transforming the industry. Advances in understanding snowflake formation will improve skiing and our knowledge of the natural world. Researchers also explore the applications of snow science to condensed matter and the origins of arctic phenomena like 'rock circles' and lightning.
Researchers found that Native American communities persisted for long periods, with some lasting over three centuries, due to successful farming practices and social ties. The study challenged the common misconception of village abandonment as a failure of community life.
Researchers explore new power plants that capture carbon dioxide before it leaves the facility, as well as synthetic trees that pluck carbon from the air. Despite promising results, challenges remain, including proper water disposal and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
William T. Golden establishes endowment fund to support innovative programs and creative thinking in the scientific enterprise. The gift aims to improve human welfare through scientific advances, fostering an environment of creativity and innovation.
Researchers predict a significant warming trend in global temperatures, with the greatest impact felt in winter hemispheres, due to retreating snow and ice in high latitudes. The range of predicted temperature changes is 1.5-6 degrees centigrade, with most models predicting a 2-4 degree rise.
According to L. Hunter Lovins, companies investing in renewable energy will gain a marketing edge as consumers notice environmental benefits. The California Public Employees' Retirement System is screening investments, leading to expected changes in US energy policy.
Researchers are turning to gene banking as an alternative to in situ conservation, using cryopreservation technologies to store viable cell lines from over 3,200 individual mammals, birds, and reptiles. This approach will be crucial for conserving endangered species' genetic material for future research and potential reintroduction.
Scientists say tech can't replace essential skills like reading and writing for blind individuals, emphasizing the need for Braille. Meanwhile, technological advancements help hearing-impaired individuals and those with motor disabilities, promoting job skills and inclusivity.
Scientists emphasize the need for improved nitrogen management to address its impact on the environment, human health, and agriculture. Targeted research and educational programs can optimize fertilizer efficiency, reducing environmental damage and associated economic costs.
Scientists are developing a comprehensive microbial forensics infrastructure to track down pathogens and infer their origin. The goal is to use genetic information to identify the source of outbreaks, such as anthrax attacks, and provide quality control for new molecular methods like genome sequencing.