The PSU/ARL monitor uses advanced signal processing, data fusion, and automated reasoning to estimate working time, physical condition, and causes of failure. It takes into account the physical changes in batteries, such as electrode surfaces and internal processes.
A new study confirms that global warming is affecting Earth's species worldwide, causing disruptions to animals and plants. The research found that even small changes in temperature have significant effects on ecosystems, leading to species migration, breeding, and population shifts.
A new study found that smaller communities of websites accumulate incoming links in a more evenly balanced way, making them less susceptible to malicious attacks. The research suggests that the web's growth pattern is driven by rational processes rather than a desire to connect with dominant sites.
Researchers investigate church records to reconstruct the virulence, spacial diffusion and temporal dynamics of the Black Death. They argue that the disease was transmitted through person-to-person contact, contrary to traditional theories linking it to bubonic plague.
A recent Penn State study found that women reported talking more about sex and related topics with their best friend, as well as being more comfortable doing so. This difference in communication style may contribute to problems in marital communication and could have implications for emerging adults' sexual attitudes and behaviors.
Researchers found glucose oxidase in caterpillar saliva, which converts glucose to gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide. The enzyme suppresses plant nicotine production by 26%, making caterpillars healthier.
Researchers at Penn State Energy Institute have developed a new process for removing organic sulfur from hydrocarbon fuels using low-temperature and pressure methods. The SARS process selectively adsorbs sulfur on metal species without affecting aromatic compounds.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a new coating technology using electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) that can produce high-purity rhenium components with tailored microstructure and chemistry. The process is faster, cheaper, and more precise than existing methods, with estimated cost savings of at least 50%.
Researchers developed a 3D biochip with tiny chemical reactor chambers and microfluidic delivery systems for growing cells and delivering chemicals. This technology enables high-throughput screening of hundreds of thousands of molecules while minimizing toxicity testing on animal models.
ColorBrewer is a free web-based tool that enables users to select from various color schemes for their maps. The tool offers sequential, diverging, and qualitative schemes, allowing users to test and refine their choices. Additionally, ColorBrewer provides detailed color specifications for printing, projection, or web display.
A recent study found that postpartum fatigue is significantly linked to postpartum depression, with women reporting symptoms after just 28 days, highlighting the need for screening tools and self-care support
A study found that elderly patients' sense of caring, technical proficiency, and office environment are key factors in meeting their medical care expectations. Physicians who connect personally with patients, spend time with them, and demonstrate competence can earn high marks for caring.
A study of 474 students aged 17-23 found that alcohol and drug use increased with class standing, while sexual activity also rose. The researchers suggest early intervention is key to addressing health issues in college students.
A researcher argues that the South is unfairly burdened with negative characteristics, such as racism and poverty, while the rest of America is viewed as more progressive. Historians' omission of Northern slavery from national narratives has contributed to this dichotomy.
A Penn State study found that disasters like Hurricane Hugo increase marriages, births, and divorces in affected areas. The study analyzed marriage, birth, and divorce records in South Carolina before and after the hurricane, finding a significant increase in all three life changes in disaster-affected counties.
Recent research in social informatics reveals that information and communication technologies often have unintended outcomes, such as harming group communications and exacerbating social differences. The studies highlighted the need for frameworks to expose value conflicts embedded in ICT design, but these are not widely practiced.
Researchers have captured an unusual sprite-like blue jet over Puerto Rico, exhibiting characteristics of both blue jets and sprites. The event's unique features include a branching conical shape and hot spots, which are similar to those seen in computer models but not fully explained.
The researchers report that the rough sets method offers significant advantages in intrusion detection, including the ability to work with missing values and imprecise data. The team's study found an average classification accuracy rate of 75.68% for rough sets, compared to 69.78% for neural nets and 51.16% for inductive learning.
Researchers found that nicotine withdrawal causes inflammation and similar biochemical responses as acute or chronic illnesses, potentially leading to depression, fatigue, muscle aches, and appetite changes. Anti-inflammatory treatments may alleviate these symptoms, increasing the likelihood of successful quitting.
A team of scientists developed a numerical model to simulate vulcanian eruptions, using field data and computer simulations to understand the internal processes. The model revealed that water vapor leakage affects explosion energy and pinpointed the source of pyroclastic flows.
Researchers at Penn State developed new software to design multifunctional surgical instruments, reducing instrument exchanges and improving tactile feedback. The software was used to create a single MIS instrument that can grasp, cut, pivot, and bend around obstructions.
Alexander Wolszczan, discoverer of the first extra-solar planets, has been featured on a Polish postage stamp celebrating the past millennium. His discovery in 1992 using the Arecibo radiotelescope suggested that planets might be plentiful throughout the universe.
A new nutrition education program designed for older adults with diabetes improved blood sugar control and reduced the risk of cardiovascular disease. The program, which included 10 weekly sessions, taught participants how to evaluate food labels and make informed dietary choices.
Research shows that lower dasher rates can produce ice cream with the same physical structure and sensory attributes as higher rates, reducing energy consumption and increasing efficiency. The balance of ingredients, including milk fat, emulsifiers, and air, is crucial in achieving desired quality and texture.
Research with monkeys shows that low energy availability due to strenuous exercise training causes amenorrhea. Increasing food intake reverses the effect, suggesting a key role for energy balance in exercise-induced amenorrhea.
Female students place greater importance on attractive prices and destination image, while males prioritize partying and sexual opportunities. Researchers suggest targeted advertising and health education campaigns to attract both genders.
Research finds that husbands' psychological well-being declines modestly when their wives' percentage contribution to family income increases, despite stable marital happiness. This decline may be due to married men feeling unwelcome or challenged by greater equity in decision-making and household duties.
A review published in Current Opinion in Lipidology suggests that flavonoid-rich foods like tea and chocolate may be beneficial for cardiovascular health. Moderate consumption of these foods, especially in combination with other fruits and vegetables, could lead to a reduced risk of heart disease.
Penn State meteorologists have combined weather data from airports, weather stations and sensors to create a more detailed picture of weather conditions in the state. The project aims to provide real-time displays of observations and user-specific products for various industries, including agribusiness and the power industry.
Researchers John Debes and Steinn Sigurdsson predict unstable planets will collide, creating 'reborn' planets around white dwarfs. This process could create heavy bombardment of material into inner planetary systems, explaining phenomena like dusty white dwarfs and metal-polluted atmospheres.
Researchers are studying the chemical signatures of lavas from the Rift Valley in Turkana to understand the evolution of mantle plumes and how continents split apart. The study suggests that a mantle plume was present in the area 35 million years ago, contributing to the formation of the African Rift Valley.
Dr. Richard B. Alley suggests that past climate records indicate abrupt changes, particularly near poles and away from them. He proposes a threshold-based approach to climate change, which could lead to more realistic predictions of future climate shifts.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a new model for vulcanian eruptions, which they validated using data from the Soufriere Hills volcano. The model suggests that water vapor leakage plays a crucial role in determining the rate and force of these explosive events.
Measles researchers used statistical techniques to pinpoint epidemic patterns in cities, revealing a two-year cycle, with larger cities catching on faster. The disease spreads through waves at about 5 kilometers per week, primarily carried by school children.
Researchers use fractal models to study blue jets and starters, finding they are made of small streamers rather than a solid column. Blue jets propagate slowly from clouds to ionosphere, while starters travel shorter distances with low charge input.
Research finds that economic interdependence, including capital market and monetary policy ties, inhibits conflict behaviors more effectively than trade ties. Countries can exert non-violent pressure and test resolve of economic partners, reducing the risk of war.
Researchers found that a modern human-like growth period in humans is a relatively recent evolutionary acquisition, arising around 120,000 years ago. The analysis of fossil teeth suggests that the prolonged growth and development seen in humans today is not as old as previously thought.
The newly discovered species, Sphaerodactylus ariasae, is the smallest of all 23,000 species of reptiles, birds, and mammals. The tiny lizard can curl up on a dime or stretch out on a quarter, measuring only 16mm long.
A longitudinal study by Dr. Alan Booth and Dr. Paul R. Amato found that parental marital discord impacts offspring marriages, including the degree of matrimonial happiness or conflict. The transmission of poor interpersonal behaviors from parents can result in lower quality marriages among children.
Research finds that genetics, age, and depression are significant predictors of arthritis, while openness is linked to effective mental functioning among aging African Americans. The study also suggests a strong genetic influence on several measures of well-being, including life satisfaction and depression.
The RIDGE 2000 program will focus on the integration of research across a wide range of disciplines to study complex seafloor ecosystems and geological processes. With an investment of $27 million, the program aims to address questions that bridge gaps between disciplines.
A study led by Drs. Eva S. Lefkowitz and Karen Fingerman found that middle-aged women take charge in conversations with their aging mothers, using positive language to maintain good relationships. The researchers recorded 46 mother-daughter pairs and discovered a low level of negativity in their interactions.
A computer-controlled differential braking system can stabilize vehicles by reducing spin, which causes rollovers. The system has been developed to adjust brake forces on the right and left sides of the cab independently.
A Penn State study found that uniform speed limits can lead to different impacts on boats of different sizes. At speeds near 6-8 mph, prop wash can stir up lake sediments, aggravating turbulence problems. The study suggests a computer program to predict water velocity and guide lake managers in setting safe speeds.
Agricultural tariffs average over 40% globally, with dairy products and sugar being heavily protected. The paper advocates for the abolition of export subsidies and curtailment of domestic support to create a level playing field.
A new study analyzing 2,109 court cases on religion found that government regulations can disproportionately affect minority religions. The study, led by Dr. Roger K. Finke, reveals that minority religions are more likely to be involved in court decisions and less likely to receive favorable rulings compared to mainline churches.
Neutrinos may fly out first in powerful gamma-ray bursts, carrying details of the universe's first stars. Scientists believe neutrino bursts can help detect massive star collapses and dark gamma-ray dark collapses.
Workers were more willing to pay for policies that directly benefited them than those with no direct benefit. Notably, teachers with a low probability of using paid childbirth leave had the highest willingness to pay.
A study found that consuming cocoa and dark chocolate slowed LDL oxidation by 8% and boosted total antioxidant capacity. However, experts stress the importance of a balanced diet that includes a variety of whole foods to support overall cardiovascular health.
Researchers at Penn State University and SurroMed, Inc. have developed a novel method for encoding information on the submicron scale using microscopic metallic barcodes. These patterned metallic particles can simultaneously monitor multiple biological reactions in very small volumes of fluid.