A study of 114 adolescent male offenders found that those committing only sexual offenses had better behavior, attitudes, and lower re-offending risk compared to those with concurrent crimes. The findings suggest different pathways to juvenile sexual offending, warranting tailored interventions.
A study by Rotundo and Sackett found that North American managers were not always in agreement on the most important criteria for rating employee performance. This can lead to inconsistent reviews, highlighting the need for clear communication of valued aspects of job performance.
A study of 289 caregivers found that over 70% reported positive feelings towards caregiving, associated with reduced depression and better self-reported health. Knowledge of these positive aspects can help professionals identify risk factors and needs in caregivers.
A study of water striders reveals an evolutionary arms race between males and females, where males use grasping structures to immobilize females, while females develop spines to counteract. This conflict leads to a balance in male and female traits, with some species experiencing high rates of costly matings.
Researchers have discovered that specific cellular mechanisms confer resistance to cancer in rats, allowing them to develop pre-cancerous lesions but then return to normal. The study aims to identify genes involved in this resistance, which could lead to breakthroughs in human cancer prevention and therapy.
Researchers at the University of Toronto have developed a novel biofiltration technique that uses bacteria to eliminate odors from pulp mill gas streams. The new technology operates at higher temperatures than existing methods, making it more cost-effective and environmentally friendly.
Researchers found that people unconsciously transfer traits from speakers to other humans and even inanimate objects. Using psychology students as volunteers, the study confirmed that spontaneous trait transference is an automatic brain process.
A study on Toronto's 'John School' program for male offenders found that 42% of participants were more likely to admit to having a sex problem and 73% admitted guilt. However, the program's results may not be representative of those who use prostitutes in Toronto.
A genetic mechanism involved in pain modulation has been discovered, which could lead to an entirely new approach to pain control. Genetically engineered mice lacking the DREAM gene showed dramatic loss of pain sensitivity compared to those with the gene.
Scientists at University of Toronto have discovered that copper oxide materials conduct heat and electricity independently, violating the Wiedemann-Franz law. This finding opens a new window into understanding superconducting materials and their potential to revolutionize industries like electronics and energy.
Professor Christer Bruun of the University of Toronto reveals that ancient Rome's aqueducts were technological marvels that brought clean water to over 1 million people. The Romans separated high-quality water for drinking from water used for flushing, a practice still lacking in many modern cities, including Canada.
A study published in Neuroscience found that the primary role of the startle reflex is to defend the body against strong impact stimuli, such as head blows. The research suggests that humans have the same timing as rats and that the startle response protects against these types of impacts.
A University of Toronto study found that women sexually assaulted by their husbands are more likely to inform police sooner than those sexually abused by boyfriends or acquaintances. The study also found that victims of spousal sexual abuse are more likely to seek treatment and consent to forensic evidence collection.
A new study from the University of Toronto shows that consuming carbohydrate, fat and protein drinks of equal calories improves verbal recall in elderly individuals. The positive effects on memory are explained by an evolutionary perspective, suggesting specific types of food energy enhance specific aspects of brain function.
Researchers at University of Toronto have discovered a photon switch that can manipulate photons to transmit data in computers. The discovery has the potential to solve problems that traditional computers cannot, including database searches and cracking codes on the Internet.
A study by University of Toronto researchers found that anxious children with troubled families have poorer treatment outcomes. Children who felt their families were dysfunctional or their parents were stressed had poorer treatment outcomes. The study suggests including parents in the treatment process is crucial for effective therapy.
Research by Professor Anurag Agrawal reveals that plants can detect the difference between various insect species and respond accordingly, adjusting their growth, behavior, and chemical defenses. In turn, insects adapt their phenotype and physiology to better digest the plant, highlighting a flexible co-evolutionary strategy.
Companies benefit from innovation and cost-savings in urban locations. Researchers found that 75% of innovations originate in cities and companies can share resources with related industries, leading to reduced shipping costs and improved product design.
University of Toronto researchers suggest a five-point strategy to address equity issues in health genomics. The plan includes research on ethical and social issues, training policy makers, and creating an investment fund to improve health in poorer countries.
Professor Ian Hacking argues that classifications like 'football hooligan' and 'sex addict' can shape people's identities, while also highlighting the potential negative consequences of such labeling. His research emphasizes the importance of understanding how these classifications impact individuals and society.
A recent study published in Psychiatric Services found that expenditures on antidepressants, antipsychotics, and anxiolytics increased significantly between 1992 and 1998. The researchers highlighted the need for drug benefit coverage to ensure accessibility and affordability for individuals with low incomes.
A recent study found that heating fluorinated polymers in a frying pan releases toxic chemicals, including ozone-destroying chlorofluorocarbons. The long-term environmental impact of these persistent compounds is still unknown.
A new study found that women treated in teaching hospitals for initial breast cancer surgery had a five-year survival rate of 93%, compared to 89% for those treated in community hospitals. Comprehensive care approaches and multidisciplinary services may contribute to these differences.
Scientists at Princess Margaret Hospital have discovered the role of CD45 in regulating cellular signals and found that it acts as an 'off switch' to prevent diseases. The discovery could lead to targeted treatments for chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer and heart disease by controlling the body's immune response.
Scientists have discovered a vaccine that may prevent and treat Alzheimer's by blocking the production of toxic amyloid ß peptides, which accumulate in the brain and cause dementia. The vaccine has shown promise in removing amyloid plaques and preventing learning impairment in transgenic mice, paving the way for potential human trials.
A study published in Archives of Internal Medicine found that unhappy marriages increase blood pressure in people with mild hypertension, while good marriages are protective. Participants who experienced marital discord had a statistically significant thickening of the heart's left ventricle after three years.
A University of Toronto professor's comprehensive review of research on media violence reveals no link between watching violent shows and aggressive behavior. The majority of studies found little to no evidence of a correlation between media violence exposure and increased violence in viewers.
A study by University of Toronto researchers found no rape charges involving drinks laced with club drugs on two Ontario campuses. The focus on date rape drugs distracts from real problems that lead to sexual assaults involving alcohol.
Perfectionists experience anxiety and depression when minor hassles pile up during the holidays. To mitigate this, Blankstein suggests planning ahead, involving others in tasks, and accepting help from loved ones. His study based on 443 university students provides valuable insights into perfectionism's impact on mental health.
Researchers have discovered evidence of agriculture dating back 1,400 years to the Princess Point people in southwestern Ontario. Well-preserved remnants of these ancient corn crops can still be found in the area, providing valuable insights into the transition from a hunting and gathering society to an agricultural one.
Researchers propose a new understanding of granite formation, suggesting it occurs in rapid, dynamic events that take between 1,000 and 100,000 years. This challenges the long-held view of slow, multi-million year processes, and has significant implications for our understanding of crust formation and economic ore deposits.
In a study on arctic ground squirrels, researchers found that females severely reduced reproduction and most died over winter when populations reached maximum capacity. This regulation helps control population growth and maintain survival rates.
Research reveals that aggressive young children often feel rejected by their friends, school, and parents. The study challenges the assumption that aggressive kids have high self-esteem.
A University of Toronto researcher found a polar lake in the Arctic has recovered significantly despite decades of sewage dumping, using diatoms as effective bio-monitors. The phosphorus levels have declined sharply since 1972, tracking the decrease in population at a former Canadian military base.
A new national study in Canada aims to test different types and combinations of anti-depressants and fluorescent light therapy for patients with seasonal depression. Researchers hope to better understand this debilitating condition that affects over 600,000 Canadians each year, causing significant dysfunction and impairment.
A 290-million-year-old, upright-lizard-like reptile has been found, predating the age of dinosaurs by at least 60 million years. The discovery provides strong evidence for the early evolution of herbivorous reptiles on land, suggesting that bipedalism evolved independently in different animal groups.
A study by University of Toronto professor Shelley Peterson found that students perceive male authors as more competent if their stories are descriptive and well-written, while female authors are viewed as more capable if they write about relationships or emotional themes. This perceived incompetence can have long-term implications on ...
Researchers found that Canadians are less likely to retire in a year where working an additional year would increase their lifetime benefits significantly. The study shows that seniors recognize the importance of retiring at age 60 due to incentive systems in place.
A study by University of Toronto researchers found that repeated exposure to azole drugs can lead to the development of drug-resistant yeast infections. About 75% of women between 18 and 35 will experience at least one yeast infection caused by Candida albicans, a common type of yeast fungus.
A study found that breast cancer mortality was almost identical in two groups of women aged 50-59, one receiving annual mammograms and the other physical examinations alone. Effective and regular breast physical examinations with breast self-examination may be an alternative to annual mammograms for this age group.
Researchers at the University of Toronto have isolated a key protein involved in the degeneration of nerve cells in Alzheimer's disease. The newly discovered protein, nicastrin, regulates the production of amyloid beta-peptide, a toxic derivative associated with the disease.
Researchers have discovered a protein called p110g that suppresses colorectal cancer growth in mice and human cell cultures. The absence of the protein leads to spontaneous development of colorectal cancer, while its presence stops tumour growth.
A UBC research team led by Prof. Chris Overall discovered a protein that reduces inflammation and halts the flow of white blood cells. The discovery, published in Science, may lead to new treatments for chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis and lung disease.
A new model for neuronal cell death in inherited neurodegenerative diseases proposes that mutant genes increase the risk of sudden programmed cell death. Researchers aim to target factors leading to increased neuronal death risk by identifying critical reactions, which could lead to effective treatments.
A meta-analysis of 23,410 participants found increased left-handedness in gay men and lesbian women compared to heterosexual individuals. This suggests that early developmental factors may play a role in the origins of homosexuality.
Researchers identified a novel subset of T-cells called CD4-CD8- double negative regulatory T cells that can regulate killer T-cells and prevent rejection of donor tissue. These cells act as a kind of decoy, binding to the same antigen as killer T-cells and being destroyed, thereby inhibiting the immune response.
A new treatment for carbon monoxide poisoning has been developed, which can be applied by paramedics to speed up the elimination of the poison from victims' bodies. The treatment involves adding a specific mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide to an oxygen mask, increasing the rate of carbon monoxide elimination up to three times.
Researchers discovered a new approach to treating schizophrenia by creating medications that only last intermittently in the brain, reducing prominent side effects. This breakthrough opens doors to significant changes in how schizophrenia is treated and could lead to more effective medications with better tolerability.
Researchers discovered how brain fills in missing information to help us perceive objects, even when they're partially blocked. This process allows for consistency and continuity in our visual world, enabling us to recognize shapes and objects accurately.
Researchers found that Asian immigrants working in ethnic-oriented businesses tend to have lower educational levels and poorer English skills. This can lead to social isolation, potentially hindering their long-term economic prospects.