Dennis Hong, a Virginia Tech professor, has developed a robotic locomotion mechanism that mimics the motion of an amoeba. The Whole Skin Locomotion (WSL) mechanism enables robots to squeeze through narrow spaces and navigate challenging terrain with ease.
Virginia Tech researcher Yong Xu seeks to create an optical microscope that can image nanostructures at one nanometer resolution, a breakthrough in arranging atoms on the molecular scale. Observing the vacuum field at this resolution could help solve quantum electrodynamics' remaining mysteries.
The Gene Ontology (GO) has expanded its vocabulary to describe the complex events occurring when a microbe encounters its host. This updated language will enable researchers to compare gene functions in diverse organisms, including those related to disease-causing microbes and beneficial microbes.
Researchers have discovered that two alphaproteobacteria lack the universal extra guanylate nucleotide typically found in transfer RNA molecule tRNAHis, which assists in incorporating amino acid histidine into new proteins. This finding suggests a radical departure from previously known identity rules for histidine-carrying tRNAs.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have developed models and algorithms that enable the simulation of cell division using the university's System X supercomputer. By characterizing protein interactions regulating the cell cycle, they aim to understand reproduction in human cells and combat cancer, tissue regeneration, and pathogens.
Researchers have discovered intermediary stage embryos between early-stage animal embryos and their adult forms, shedding light on the development of Earth's first animals. The discoveries were made using microfocus X-ray computed tomography (microCT) imaging and suggest that these embryos would have grown into tubular organisms.
Researchers at VBI have identified a potential target for inhibiting excessive glucose production in type 2 diabetics by modulating the activity of key enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. This approach could lead to the development of novel therapeutics to slow down but not eliminate glucose overproduction.
Researchers at Virginia Tech are working on a three-year project to improve the security of software-defined radio (SDR) technology. The goal is to make SDR devices more secure against malicious tampering and attacks.
Researchers used a novel methodology and System X supercomputer to simulate the full range of DNA motions, revealing greater flexibility than expected. The study challenges the traditional view that DNA is hard to bend, suggesting it may not cost much energy to form protein-DNA complexes.
Researchers find that organic molecules control the rate of crystal growth, allowing for the tuning of growth rates. The study's findings provide a new understanding of how proteins and biomolecules influence crystal formation.
Scientists identify AbNPS2 gene crucial to fungal spore cell wall integrity, impacting viability and host plant damage. Disruption of the gene leads to structural changes, decreased germination rates, and reduced survival under adverse conditions.
A $525,000 NSF CAREER grant will help faculty and graduate students develop skills for interdisciplinary research, a growing necessity in complex technological challenges. The project will survey 1,000 faculty and 1,250 students across 20 disciplines to develop assessment tools and strategies.
Researchers witness steps in biological nitrogen fixation process, enabling microbes to convert atmospheric nitrogen to nutrients. The study suggests the biological process does not follow the same pathway as the chemical method.
Researchers found cells about to divide and kidney-shaped structures within ancient embryos, suggesting sophisticated mechanisms for differential cell division timing and embryonic cell lineage differentiation. The discovery challenges previous claims about the evolutionary relationships of these early animals.
A research team led by Virginia Tech professor Andrea Dietrich aims to identify the cause of metallic flavors in chemotherapy patients and develop preventive methods. The study will also explore the role of antioxidants and investigate the relationship between metal ions and health outcomes.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have developed a new polymer membrane for reverse osmosis that resists degradation by chlorine, allowing for efficient desalination. The membrane uses a similar structure to proton exchange membrane materials used in fuel cells, but with added salt treatment for improved chlorine resistance.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have designed polymer macromolecules as effective gene transfer agents, overcoming the need for foreign DNA and viruses. The study's findings focus on the structure of these molecules, which can control their ability to transfer genes across cell membranes.
Researchers discover that bacteria prefer larger nanoparticles to smaller ones for efficient metal reduction. The study reveals a 10-fold difference in bioreduction rates among particles of similar shape but different sizes, with larger particles being reduced faster than smaller ones.
Researchers at Virginia Tech are developing novel polymers that incorporate DNA base pairs, resulting in enhanced elasticity and self-healing capabilities. These biobased materials have potential applications in various industries, including automotive and biomedical sectors.
Researchers have developed a new proton exchange membrane (PEM) material that retains conductivity even at low humidity, overcoming a significant challenge for fuel cells. This breakthrough, achieved through self-assembling block copolymer materials, has the potential to increase the efficiency and feasibility of hydrogen-based energy ...
Blacksburg chemist James McGrath warns that focusing solely on functional polymers stifles basic research, which is crucial for discovery and innovation. He emphasizes the need to balance application-driven research with fundamental studies to prevent knowledge gaps.
A comprehensive mental health study of Hurricane Katrina survivors found that serious mental illness doubled in the months after the hurricane, yet thoughts of suicide did not increase. The study revealed post-traumatic growth, with most respondents experiencing a deeper sense of meaning and greater inner strength.
The genome sequences of Phytophthora ramorum and Phytophthora sojae reveal a recent expansion and diversification of deadly genes, suggesting a benign photosynthetic ancestor. The sequences also indicate a rapidly evolving secretome involved in plant infection mechanisms.
Researchers have solved a 30-year puzzle on how migratory birds integrate multiple directional cues. They found that polarized light patterns play a key role in calibrating the birds' magnetic compass, providing an independent reference system. This discovery sheds light on the complex navigation systems used by migratory birds.
The US Department of Agriculture is launching an oral rabies vaccination project in southwestern Virginia to combat the spread of raccoon rabies. Translocation of wildlife poses a significant threat to the program's success due to its ability to spread disease and increase stress on infected animals.
Researchers developed a detailed computational model to simulate AZT metabolism in mitochondria, exploring potential mechanisms of toxicity. The model may help minimize or eliminate toxic side effects of AZT in HIV-infected patients.
Sharon Witonsky, a clinician and researcher at Virginia Tech, has received the Pfizer Award for her work on EPM, a neurologic disease that affects horses. Her research aims to discover the mechanism of Sarcocystis neurona's effects on horses and develop more effective diagnostic tests and vaccines.
A Virginia Tech student is selected to meet with Nobel laureates to discuss his research on bioremediation using bacteria-mineral interaction. The study aims to understand the fundamental reactions that dictate how bacteria interact with minerals, potentially leading to a safe and cost-effective means of environmental remediation.
Researchers will develop structural materials with chemical resistance, thermal stability, and fracture resistance, as well as transparent materials that are self-healing and anti-abrasive. The goal is to create lightweight, high-performance materials for ballistic resistant armor and vehicles.
Scientists have discovered that ancient genes, including Constans (CO) and Flowering Locus T (FT), dictate flowering and fall bud set in trees. This finding has significant implications for understanding tree maturation and adaptation to climate change, as well as speeding up tree breeding.
Sovacool's research explores the reasons behind the slow adoption of distributed generation technologies, including social and technical factors. He interviewed over 60 influential energy experts to understand the obstacles to widespread use of DG/renewable energy systems.
Researchers Montasir Abbas and Y. H. Percival Zhang received the Powe award to develop models for optimizing traffic signal timing to reduce vehicle emissions. They will also explore ways to improve ethanol production processes using enzymes that break down cellulose into biofuel.
A study of 100-Car Naturalistic Driving Study data found that driver distraction and inattention significantly contribute to crashes and near-crashes. Drowsiness is a major problem, increasing the risk by at least four times, while cell phone use is the most common distraction.
The MANIAC Challenge is a two-year competition that will test algorithmic prowess and study actual, uncontrolled ad hoc networks, offering valuable data on network behavior. Researchers aim to address questions of cooperation in wireless networking and provide insights into the performance of mobile ad hoc networks.
Researchers at VBI will utilize the database to identify key genes involved in tomato metabolism and apply RNA interference technology. The project aims to enhance tomato cultivation and expand its application in biotechnology research programs.
Researchers have discovered the structure of Anopheles gambiae's 3-hydroxykynurenine transaminase, a key enzyme in its oxidative defense mechanism. This finding could lead to the development of novel antimalarial agents by inhibiting this enzyme and disrupting the malaria parasite's lifecycle.
Researchers have developed a cost-effective pretreatment process that integrates three technologies to produce bioethanol from corn stover. The new process generates four valuable products, including amorphous cellulose, hemicellulose sugars, lignin, and acetic acid.
The study reveals how ozone reacts with carbon-carbon double bonds to form crosslinked networks within the thin film, degrading organic surfaces with prolonged exposure. Understanding this reaction mechanism may lead to improved films for organic coatings and polymeric materials.
A recent study conducted by Virginia Tech researchers found that the Swedish Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (ACI) method produces repairs with excellent durability. The study, which used a controlled biotribology device, compared the wear of ACI-repaired cartilage to normal cartilage from the same joint.
Tribopolymerization reduces wear in liquid and vapor phase applications by forming self-replenishing protective polymer films on rubbing surfaces. The US-Poland collaboration developed effective additives for reducing wear with metals, alloys, and ceramics.
Virginia Tech and two other universities partner to analyze codes, practices, and policies of 31 counties within the James River Basin. The project aims to encourage environmentally friendly development practices, promoting a cleaner and healthier river ecosystem.
A graduate student at Virginia Tech has fabricated a biopolymer material with controlled surface morphology, enabling the study of its effects on cell adhesion. The new material is produced using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique and exhibits highly ordered poly(L-lactic acid) crystalline substrates with low surface roughness.
Researchers found that polymer composites localize heat better than steel, allowing them to sustain structural rigidity and prevent fire spread. The study recommends developing materials with high glass transition temperatures to achieve optimal performance.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have developed a new anticancer drug that targets DNA using cisplatin-like units. The supramolecular complexes combine light-absorbing PDT agents with the drug, allowing it to bind to cancer DNA and remain inert until activated by a light signal.
A research team led by Virginia Tech's Marr will use a van-mounted instrument system to measure air pollutant emissions in various locations. The project aims to improve understanding of air pollution and inform policy decisions.
Researchers at Virginia Tech are developing a 'PAWS: Pet Care Awareness System' to improve the lives of seniors and their pets. The system aims to provide a seamless, virtually intuitive interface for veterinarians, physicians, and family members to access pet health information.
A recent study aims to improve diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease through a better understanding of blood flow. Vlachos' research focuses on the physics of blood flow through the body, with an emphasis on experimental models and optical imaging tools.
The project seeks to develop nanostructured composite materials with controlled thermal conductivity, impacting technologies like thermoelectric coolers and power electronics. Huxtable plans to educate underprivileged students through a summer research program.
A new protocol allows for efficient transformation of strawberry plants using Agrobacterium's circular DNA molecule, enabling researchers to study the function of thousands of genes in this economically important crop. This breakthrough could lead to improved nutritional value and antioxidant content in strawberries.
The VBI Microbial Database provides genome sequence and annotation data for two major plant pathogens, Phytophthora sojae and Phytophthora ramorum. The database offers powerful analytical tools and community annotation features to facilitate research on these pathogens.