A new study presented at the American Psychiatric Association 2007 Annual Meeting found that ramelteon did not impair middle-of-the-night balance, mobility, or memory performance in older adults with insomnia. The study also demonstrated that patients treated with zolpidem had impaired performances on these measures.
A study by Cardiff University found that DNA similarity between African bushbuck populations can reveal similarities and differences in ecoregions. The research identifies 28 key regions for the species, providing a framework for pan-African conservation efforts.
A study of 19,560 Kenyan children with acute falciparum malaria found that nearly half developed seizures, coma, or impaired consciousness. Neurological involvement was associated with increased mortality and long-term neurological sequelae.
A new study published by the American Thoracic Society found that obese adults are more likely to experience persistent or severe asthma compared to their thinner counterparts. The study analyzed data from 3,059 adults with asthma and found a significant association between obesity and increased risk of asthma severity.
The article reviews medical literature to provide US clinicians with updated guidelines for diagnosing and treating malaria. Key findings include the importance of considering malaria in the differential diagnosis based on travel history and prompt treatment.
Recent research evaluates the progress made to date in diagnosing and treating pancreatic cancer, highlighting promising new applications of technology that will improve survival rates. The studies also identify key predictors of malignancy, including age, gender, symptoms, and radiographic features.
A study by Weill Cornell Medical College researchers found that immune antibodies penetrate neurons and reduce levels of Alzheimer's-linked amyloid peptides, offering new hope for immunotherapy against the disease. The discovery could also advance treatment for other immune diseases.
The study found that adults taking adjunctive aripiprazole had a greater reduction in MADRS Total Score compared to placebo, indicating improved depressive symptoms. Common adverse events included akathisia, insomnia, and restlessness, with a lower discontinuation rate due to adverse events for aripiprazole.
The study estimates that only 6.7% of households at risk of malaria possess at least one insecticide-treated net (ITN). To meet the 80% coverage target, an estimated 130-264 million ITNs are required for children under 5 and pregnant women in high-risk areas.
A recent study has linked sleep apnea to a higher incidence of gestational diabetes and pregnancy-induced high blood pressure. The researchers analyzed data from over 4 million deliveries and found that women with sleep apnea were more likely to develop these conditions, particularly when their weight was taken into account.
Researchers found that sleep-deprived individuals can only process a small number of objects at a time, leading to memory decline. The brain's visual areas are also impaired, making it difficult to focus attention.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have developed a new imaging technique called magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) to diagnose liver diseases. MRE accurately measures the hardness or elasticity of the liver, enabling non-invasive diagnosis of fibrosis and cirrhosis.
A team of Texas A&M researchers is recovering artifacts from a 200-year-old shipwreck in the Gulf of Mexico, making it the deepest such recovery effort ever attempted. The vessel's identity and origin remain a mystery, but analysis suggests it was likely from the late 1700s or early 1800s.
Researchers mapped Saturn's rings using a 'CAT scan' method, confirming the presence of clumps and empty gaps. The discovery may help explain the origin and age of Saturn's rings.
Long-term study results show that LIALDA (mesalamine) is effective in maintaining remission and preventing relapse in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis. Nearly 9 out of 10 patients on once-daily LIALDA remained relapse free at the end of 12 months.
Studies suggest that phosphodiesterase inhibitors, commonly used for erectile dysfunction, can also alleviate lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Researchers found improved scores on the International Index of Erectile Function and International Prostate Symptom Score, indicating potential benefit...
The Cassini spacecraft has mapped the structure of Saturn's rings, revealing densely packed particle clumps that are constantly forming and colliding. The findings suggest the mass of the rings may be twice or more previous estimates, with implications for understanding the origin and age of Saturn's ring system.
Dr. Mani Mahadevan's research focuses on understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying DM1, a genetic disorder causing progressive muscle weakness and disability. His team has developed a mouse model to study toxic RNA production, which may lead to a viable treatment for the disease.
A University of Missouri-Columbia researcher discovered over 50 new insect species in Thailand's mountainous streams and waterfalls. The newly identified species possess painful bites but serve no specific ecological purpose, feeding on other insects and small fish.
A team of Purdue researchers has created a system that can pinpoint passengers who contaminate airline cabins with hazardous materials or pathogens. The technique, called "inverse simulation," analyzes airflow patterns and uses data from sensors to track the source of contaminants.
Astronomers using NASA's Swift satellite have discovered that energetic flares seen after gamma-ray bursts are a continuation of the burst itself. GRBs release enormous energy in seconds, and long-duration bursts come from massive star collapse, forming black holes or neutron stars.
High-salt diets may increase the risk of severe gastric disease by inducing gene activity in H. pylori, making it more virulent. The study found that bacterial cells exposed to high salt concentrations exhibited morphological changes and increased transcription of virulence genes.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet shows naprapathy to be more effective in reducing back and neck pain, with 57% of patients reporting significant improvement after 12 weeks. The therapy combines manual manipulation and muscle treatments, offering a potential alternative to conventional medical advice.
A new study reveals how a fungus uses its circadian clock to control carotenoid production, protecting against sun damage. The discovery may also shed light on the regulation of human sleep cycles.
Researchers used fingerprints to count fisher populations, identifying individual animals and tracking their numbers in the wild. This method is simpler and less expensive than DNA fingerprinting, offering a promising tool for conservation.
Researchers at the University of Alberta found that African Americans value health states more highly due to differences in risk attitude and life expectancy. This difference may be attributed to a shorter life expectancy, making time preference for health states more important.
A recent study evaluated the incidence of malignancy in small pancreatic tumors and identified predictors such as age, gender, symptoms, and radiographic features. The findings suggest that very small tumors with no other symptoms or radiographic indicators have a low risk of malignancy.
A clinical trial evaluated three leading combination therapies for uncomplicated falciparum malaria and found artemether-lumefantrine to be the most effective. The study included 601 healthy children from Uganda and demonstrated significant reductions in treatment failure, anemia, and asymptomatic parasitemia.
Rising global temperatures are expected to alter infectious disease patterns, with increased transmission of diseases like malaria and influenza. Climate change is also linked to water-borne diseases, as extreme weather events strain aging infrastructure.
A recent study showed that exercise, specifically resistance training, can reverse the genetic fingerprint of aging in healthy senior citizens. After six months of twice-weekly resistance training, older adults' mitochondrial function and muscle strength improved significantly, with some even surpassing those of younger adults.
Despite progress in research, malaria persists as a major public health challenge due to limited vaccine development and drug resistance. The disease causes an estimated 1 million deaths annually and affects 3 billion individuals worldwide.
Researchers at Arizona State University have evolved new proteins in a fraction of the time it took nature, providing new lessons on how to optimize proteins. The team used 'synthetic evolution' to improve protein stability and binding efficiency, discovering that subtle amino acid changes can significantly enhance function.
The CARTaGENE project aims to advance population genomics research in Quebec with $34.5M funding. The project will provide resources and infrastructure for researchers to study genes responsible for disease, improving diagnosis, treatment and prevention.
Researchers evaluated a new flexible endoscopic suturing method for gastrointestinal perforations and used wireless capsule endoscopy to detect small intestine pathology in young children. The studies found the suturing method to be easy to employ and successful in closing perforations without laparoscopic or open surgery.
A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that tropical birds expend less energy at rest compared to northern bird species. The researchers measured basal metabolic rate (BMR) and peak metabolic rate (PMR) in 69 species of tropical birds, finding they used about 18% less energy than temperate birds.
Two studies demonstrated SYMBICORT's effectiveness in improving health-related quality of life (HRQL) and patient-reported satisfaction with asthma treatment. The combination therapy showed significant improvements in HRQL scores compared to monocomponents or placebo, while also demonstrating better patient-reported global assessments.
A minimally invasive device for stress urinary incontinence has been shown to be safe and effective in early clinical trials, demonstrating significant continence improvement in women. The device, ACT, eliminates the risk of overtreatment or undertreatment with adjustable balloons that can be adjusted post-operatively.
Researchers measured pollutants from secondhand smoke near bars and restaurants with indoor smoking bans, finding a rise in pollutants associated with an increase in smokers. The study suggests that secondhand smoke is present in these outdoor zones, potentially creating unhealthy environments for non-smokers.
The journal Contemporary Islam: Dynamics of Muslim Life discusses the impact of the internet on Islamophobia, including the spread of anti-Islamic opinions and the use of new technologies to combat it. The first issue explores topics such as re-imagining Islam through recent global events and personal autonomy of women in Morocco.
A subset of endometrial cancers has been found to have previously unrecognized alterations in the FGFR2 gene, resulting in uncontrolled cell division. This discovery could accelerate the development of new treatments for endometrial cancer by targeting drugs already in clinical trials.
Researchers found that pre-operative CT scans in patients experiencing acute appendicitis symptoms may delay surgery, increasing the risk of appendix rupture. Colonoscopies are recommended over flexible sigmoidoscopy for detecting advanced neoplastic lesions, with notable racial disparities observed.
Researchers develop a synthetic enzymatic pathway to convert polysaccharides into hydrogen, achieving high storage capacity and efficiency. The new process has the potential to release hydrogen from water and carbohydrates at low temperatures and atmospheric pressure.
AZoJono has introduced a revenue share scheme that pays authors and peer reviewers up to $500 and $100-$500 respectively. This open-access model has led to high-quality Nanotech science being disseminated globally, with over 350,000 monthly visitor sessions.
Researchers are developing new electronics to accurately measure subatomic particles, potentially detecting cancer at an earlier stage. Improved Positron Emission Tomography (PET) technology could lead to better diagnoses and more accurate tumor detection.
A new study by Research Australia found that carrying passengers increases the likelihood of a crash by 60% compared to using a mobile phone while driving. The risk is lower than mobile phone use but higher due to the prevalence of passenger transport.
A new study found that a child's finger length can predict their performance in numeracy and literacy tests. The researchers discovered that a higher digit ratio, indicating greater prenatal testosterone exposure, is associated with stronger numeracy skills. In contrast, a lower digit ratio is linked to higher literacy scores for girls.
Most teens do not experience depression after first-time sex, but young girls and early-sex boys/girls in uncommitted relationships are at risk. The study suggests focusing on vulnerable teens rather than promoting a one-size-fits-all approach to sex education.
A new study of 914 children with mild to moderate asthma found that consistent inhaled steroid use was associated with a 20% lower likelihood of well-controlled asthma. The study suggests genetic factors may play a role in non-response to steroids, highlighting the need for personalized treatment approaches.
A recent Geisinger Health System study reveals a clear connection between combat veterans' mixed handedness and the likelihood of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The research found that extreme mixed handedness increased PTSD risk by nearly five times.
A six-month study demonstrated that bifeprunox maintained stability and displayed a favorable weight and lipid profile compared to placebo in patients with schizophrenia. The treatment also showed promising results in reducing the risk of deterioration over time.
A new procedure using concentrated radio waves has been found to be safe and effective in treating abnormal cell growth in the esophagus, a precursor to cancer. The treatment, called radiofrequency ablation, destroys abnormal cells with fewer side effects than current methods.
Researchers are investigating the best time to start hormone therapy, its impact on cognition and mood, and the most beneficial form of estrogen. The $3.4 million KEEPS study aims to clarify the safety and effectiveness of hormone therapy in perimenopausal women.
Researchers used embryonic stem cells to investigate how some tumours migrate to other parts of the body, making treatment more difficult. They found that a crucial change in cell behavior, known as epithelial-mesenchymal transition, allows cancer cells to move and spread.
A study found that diagnostic tests for malaria are often underused in Zambia, resulting in patients being prescribed antimalarial medications despite negative test results. The use of rapid antigen-detection diagnostic tests (RDTs) is proposed as a cost-effective approach to reduce overtreatment.
Researchers found antifolate therapies, including sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and chlorproguanil-dapsone, effective in clearing P vivax parasites by day 14. The treatments were well-tolerated and may be used as an alternative to chloroquine in cases where species-specific diagnosis is unavailable.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine found fungi can harness ionizing radiation to produce food and spur growth, recalculating Earth's energy balance. This discovery could provide a sustainable food source for long-duration space missions or planetary colonization.