Articles tagged with Applied Optics
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at the University of Rochester have developed a new type of solar thermoelectric generator that can harness thermal energy in addition to sunlight. The device is 15 times more efficient than current state-of-the-art devices, making it a promising source of renewable energy.
Scientists have engineered a chip that converts between terahertz and optical signals, enabling bi-directional communication and sensing. The device generates THz electric fields up to 100 times stronger than previous chips, with increased bandwidth and minimal energy loss.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a novel nanodevice that manipulates light using sound waves, enabling precise control over color and intensity. This breakthrough has significant implications for various fields, including computer displays, virtual reality, and optical communications.
A team of researchers developed a reliable method to create donut-like, topologically rich spin textures called skyrmion bags in thin ferromagnetic films. The success rate of generating such textures using single laser pulses is significantly higher than magnetic-field-driven approaches.
Researchers have developed a new RGB multiplexer based on thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) that enables faster and more energy-efficient light modulation for laser beam scanning systems. The multiplexer successfully combined red, green, and blue laser beams, generating mixed colors such as cyan, magenta, and yellow, and even white light.
Researchers developed a new 3D printing method that creates strong, high-quality silicon carbide (SiC) ceramic parts at lower temperatures. The method uses vat-polymerization and adds silica to improve material quality, resulting in comparable strength to ceramics sintered at higher temperatures.
Researchers create metasurfaces to control photons and entangle them for quantum computing and sensing. The discovery could lead to miniaturized optical setups with improved stability, robustness, and cost-effectiveness.
Researchers have successfully integrated indium arsenide quantum dot lasers monolithically on silicon photonic chiplets, achieving low coupling loss and enabling efficient operation at high temperatures. The novel integration technique has the potential to be widely adopted due to its scalability and cost-effectiveness.
Researchers developed a novel fabrication method for thin-film temperature sensors that operate across an exceptionally wide temperature range, from –50 °C to 950 °C. The technique eliminates the need for complex protective layers, making it faster and cheaper to produce sensors.
Researchers propose sparse-view irradiation processing VAM (SVIP-VAM) to reduce projection data and computation time. The method enables structure manufacturing with a reduced number of projections, increasing the feasibility of sparse-view printing.
Researchers develop new method to detect subtle magnetic signals in common metals like copper, gold, and aluminum, using a laser and large-amplitude modulation of the external magnetic field. This breakthrough could lead to advances in semiconductor industry, spintronic devices, and quantum systems.
Researchers at Chuo University have developed chemically enriched photo-thermoelectric (PTE) imagers using semiconducting carbon nanotube (CNT) films, achieving enhanced response intensity and noise reduction. This enables efficient remote and on-site inspections with palm-sized wireless circuits.
Researchers at Macquarie University developed a new technique to narrow laser linewidth by factors exceeding 10,000 using diamond crystals and Raman scattering. This breakthrough could revolutionize quantum computing, atomic clocks, and gravitational wave detection with improved spectral purity.
Researchers studied atomic-scale defects in single-crystal IGZO to understand its electronic properties. They found that oxygen vacancies and structural disorder contribute to device instability, but also detected a relationship between crystallinity and subgap states.
Researchers at Harvard and TU Wien have developed a new type of tunable semiconductor laser with smooth, reliable, and wide-range wavelength tuning in a simple chip-sized design. This innovation could replace many types of tunable lasers with a smaller, more cost-effective package.
A new photonic neural network developed in China achieves higher classification accuracy than digital models by using physical light transformations and multisynaptic optical paths. The system's design avoids errors introduced by translating software to hardware, marking a major step forward in optical AI hardware.
A new laser machining method enables high-precision patterned laser micro-grooving with root mean square errors below 0.5 μm. This technique allows for rapid and scalable manufacturing of custom microstructures, advancing applications in microfluidic devices, sensors, and heat dissipation systems.
A nanometer-thin spacer layer has been inserted into exciplex upconversion OLEDs (ExUC-OLEDs) to improve energy transfer, enhancing blue light emission by 77-fold. This design enables the use of previously incompatible materials, paving the way for lightweight, low-voltage, and more flexible OLEDs.
Researchers from OIST develop new quantum AI method for image recognition based on boson sampling, achieving highly accurate results without complex training. The approach uses a linear optical network and preserves information, outperforming classical methods in various datasets.
Researchers have developed a model that uses terahertz scattering to identify structural tissue changes in diseases like cancer and burn injuries. The approach shows promise for early detection and characterization of disease-related tissue features.
Researchers have developed glass-epoxy-based waveguides with low polarization-dependent loss and differential group delay, suitable for stable signal transmission in co-packaged optics. The waveguides demonstrated high power stability and reliability under six hours of continuous use.
Researchers used AI to approach the fundamental limit of precision in optical methods, calculated using Fisher information. The team's algorithm achieved impressive results, only minimally worse than the theoretically achievable maximum, demonstrating its effectiveness.
Researchers developed stable MXene-coated contact lenses providing enhanced protection against electromagnetic radiation. The lenses exhibited a rapid temperature rise when exposed to microwave heating, indicating strong EMR absorption and dissipation.
Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics has developed a semi-automated process for producing quantum cascade laser modules with MOEMS and EC, simplifying production and reducing costs. The technology enables spectral tunability and high brilliance, making it suitable for various spectroscopy applications.
Researchers have developed a new laser device smaller than a penny that can conduct extremely fast and accurate measurements by precisely changing its color across a broad spectrum of light. The laser has applications ranging from guiding autonomous vehicles to detecting gravitational waves, a delicate experiment to observe our universe.
A research team at POSTECH developed a metasurface technology that can display multiple high-resolution images on a single screen, overcoming conventional holographic limitations. The innovation uses nanostructure pillars to precisely manipulate light, allowing for different images based on wavelength and polarization direction.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have demonstrated an efficient blue phosphorescent OLED that can last as long as green OLEDs. The device uses a tandem OLED structure and surface plasmon resonance to improve efficiency.
A new low-cost, diode-based laser system safely emulsifies cataract tissue without damaging surrounding tissue. The technology has the potential to significantly reduce cataract surgery costs and complexity, bringing sight-saving treatment to millions worldwide.
Researchers have developed a new platform using dispersion-managed silicon nitride microresonators to suppress timing jitter, achieving femtosecond-level precision. This breakthrough enables the deployment of chip-scale solitons in space navigation, ultrafast data networks, and quantum measurement systems.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology have developed Pixel-Based Local Sound OLED technology, allowing each pixel to emit different sounds. This breakthrough enables truly localized sound experiences in displays, enhancing realism and immersion.
The US National Science Foundation-funded ZEUS facility at the University of Michigan has roughly doubled the peak power of any other laser in the country with its first official experiment reaching 2 petawatts. Research at ZEUS will have applications in medicine, national security, materials science and astrophysics.
Researchers have developed thin films that can compress infrared light, improving its propagation distance and wavelength range. The technology has potential applications in thermal management, molecular sensing, and photonics.
Researchers have developed a new technique called electro-optic sampling that uses ultrashort laser pulses to probe electric fields in crystals. This allows for the accurate capture of molecular spectra and detection of faint signals, providing profound insights into quantum physics.
A new programmable color router array is designed to manipulate photon momentum in multi-frequency channels, enabling efficient spectrum utilization and encryption. The device utilizes dichromatic photon momentum and beam intensity to promote information processing ability, increasing capacity based on frequency-dependent angular measu...
A research group at Chuo University has developed an all-printable device fabrication strategy to overcome technical limitations of multi-functional image sensor sheets. The new technique accurately prints carbon nanotube channels and integrates other constituents into single devices, facilitating non-destructive monitoring.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH) have developed an achromatic metagrating that handles all colors in a single glass layer, eliminating the need for multiple layers. This breakthrough enables vivid full-color images using a 500-µm-thick single-layer waveguide.
Scientists at UC Riverside are investigating plasmonic materials that can transfer energy when struck by light. Their findings could lead to sensors capable of detecting molecules at trace levels and other technologies with practical applications.
Researchers from Vienna University of Technology successfully reproduced the Terrell-Penrose effect using laser pulses and precision cameras, demonstrating the relativistic length contraction and its impact on perceived rotation. The experiment uses a novel technique inspired by art to recreate the effect in the laboratory.
Researchers can now study microstructures inside metals, ceramics, and rocks with X-rays in a standard laboratory without needing a particle accelerator. The new technique, lab-3DXRD, enables quick analysis of samples and prototypes, providing more opportunities for students.
Researchers at Ateneo de Manila University create hydrophobic surfaces using electrospun polymer fibers to hold water droplets in a dome shape, allowing for dynamic adjustment of magnifying power. This discovery has potential practical applications in science classrooms, remote areas, and research labs.
Scientists studied charge transport through organic light-emitting diodes using electronic sum-frequency generation spectroscopy. The study found changes in spectral signal intensities when applying voltages, indicating different internal charge flow across the organic layers.
Researchers developed fluorescent polyionic nanoclays that can be customized for medical imaging, sensor technology, and environmental protection. These tiny clay-based materials exhibit high brightness and versatility, enabling precise tuning of optical properties.
Physicists at Harvard SEAS have created a compact, on-chip mid-infrared pulse generator that can emit short bursts of light without external components. This device has the potential to speed up gas sensor development and create new medical imaging tools.
Scientists investigate whether living neurons can transport light through their axons, which would significantly change current models of the nervous system. If successful, it could have major implications for treating brain diseases and healing the brain.
Harvard physicists develop an optical vortex beam that twists and changes shape, resembling spiral shapes found in nature. The 'optical rotatum' has potential applications in controlling small particles and micro-manipulation, and its creation is made possible with a single liquid crystal display.
A new amplifier developed by Chalmers University of Technology can transmit ten times more data per second than current systems, holding significant potential for various critical laser systems, including medical diagnostics and treatment. The amplifier's large bandwidth enables precise analyses and imaging of tissues and organs.
Harvard researchers have created a photon router that could plug into quantum networks to create robust optical interfaces for noise-sensitive microwave quantum computers. The breakthrough enables control of microwave qubits with optical signals generated many miles away, bridging the energy gap between microwave and optical photons.
Researchers at the University of Arizona have developed a new 3D imaging technique, deflectometry, paired with advanced computation to improve eye-tracking accuracy. The method can capture gaze direction information from more than 40,000 surface points, theoretically millions, increasing accuracy by a factor of over 3,000 compared to c...
Three UVA Engineering faculty members have been elected as AAAS Fellows for their groundbreaking work in computer architecture, energy transport, and hydrology. Sandhya Dwarkadas, Patrick E. Hopkins, and Venkataraman Lakshmi were recognized for their innovative research and contributions to their respective fields.
Scientists at the University of Rochester have discovered a way to create artificial atoms within twisted monolayers of molybdenum diselenide, retaining information when activated by light. This breakthrough could lead to new types of quantum devices, such as memory or nodes in a quantum network.
UC Santa Barbara researchers develop photonic integrated 3D-MOT, a miniaturized version of equipment used to trap and cool atoms. This innovation enables new applications in sensing, precision timekeeping, and quantum computing, and paves the way for accessible quantum research projects.
Researchers developed a 7-axis synchronization algorithm for freeform surface laser texturing, achieving high efficiency and accuracy without stitching errors. The approach improves processing efficiency by up to 559% and reduces errors by 60%, making it suitable for industrial applications.
A team of researchers from the University of Ottawa has developed innovative methods to enhance frequency conversion of terahertz (THz) waves in graphene-based structures, unlocking new potential for faster, more efficient technologies in wireless communication and signal processing. These advancements hold great promise for wireless c...
Researchers used quantum squeezing to improve gas sensing performance of optical frequency comb lasers, doubling the speed of detectors. The technique allowed for more precise measurements with fewer errors, enabling faster detection of molecules like hydrogen sulfide.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara develop a chip-scale ultra-low-linewidth self-injection locked laser, outperforming current tabletop systems in key metrics. The technology enables scalable laser solutions for quantum computing and portable field-deployable sensors with improved interaction with atomic systems.
SwRI's novel Space Weather Solar Coronagraph (SwSCOR) will provide early detection and characterization of Earth-directed coronal mass ejections (CMEs), helping to predict geomagnetic storms and protect Earth assets. The instrument suite includes rapid data reduction software, delivering processed images to NOAA forecasters within minu...
The partnership aims to improve the speed and accuracy of flood damage assessments by combining multi-modal data sources and a novel vision language model. The system will enable first responders to quickly allocate resources and respond more efficiently to weather disasters.
Researchers led by Judith Su will develop a portable FLOWER sensing device for detecting zeptomolar concentrations of chemical warfare agents. The device has shown record-breaking sensitivity and could preserve the lives of active-duty service members.
Researchers developed a highly sensitive hydrogen detection system using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) with high selectivity and rapid response. The new method achieved accurate measurements of hydrogen concentrations from 0.01% to 100%, improving the detection limit at longer integration times.
Researchers developed a new biocompatible sensor substrate using Ag nanoislands protected with column-structured silica, increasing fluorescence and Raman signals by 10 million times. The technique enables non-invasive monitoring of biological processes without disrupting cell function or causing damage.