Articles tagged with Biomedical Engineering
Scientists have developed a method to create functional retinal organoids that contain human retinal ganglion cells and allow the development of light-signal pathways. The vascularized organoids demonstrated improved cell survival, increased functional maturity, and the ability to respond to hypoxia.
Researchers have identified a previously unknown mechanism that can reduce the risk of allergies and asthma in children. Certain bifidobacteria produce a substance called 4-hydroxyphenyl lactate (4-OH-PLA), which dampens immune responses to allergens, reducing the production of IgE antibodies.
A Korea University study successfully mimics heart mechanics in organoids using three-dimensional magnetic torque, enhancing cardiac differentiation, maturation, and vascularization. This breakthrough could improve drug safety testing by providing more accurate human-relevant models for cardiotoxicity screening.
A phase 1/2 trial investigating autologous T cell therapy targeting multiple tumor antigens showed promising results in patients with advanced and surgically resectable disease. Patients responded well to the therapy, with high disease control rates and low adverse side effects.
A multidisciplinary team of world-leading experts is developing an off-the-shelf engineered product that could address liver failure in millions of patients. The ImPLANT project aims to create synthetic biology-based gene circuits in human induced pluripotent stem cells to drive cell differentiation into all required liver cell types.
A Carnegie Mellon-led team has secured a $28.5 million award from ARPA-H to develop a functional, 3D bioprinted liver for patients with acute liver failure. The project aims to provide a temporary liver that supports regeneration of a patient's own liver, reducing the need for full organ transplants.
A machine-learning-based approach has been developed to map real-time tumor metabolism in brain cancer patients, helping doctors discover effective treatment strategies. The digital twin uses patient data to calculate metabolic flux, predicting which treatments are likely to work for individual cases of glioma.
A machine-learning-based algorithm developed by Tokyo Metropolitan University researchers can accurately count sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in chromosomes, giving a more objective measurement. The accuracy rate is 84%, which could help diagnose disorders like Bloom syndrome with greater consistency.
Researchers at MIT have designed a pill that can report when it has been swallowed, using a biodegradable radio frequency antenna to communicate with an external receiver. This technology could improve medication adherence for patients who need to take immunosuppressive drugs or treatment for extended periods.
A Mizzou researcher developed an antibody that attaches to and lights up EphA2 protein in cancerous tumors, allowing for non-invasive detection and identification of patients who can benefit from targeted treatments. This innovation could save time and money while advancing precision medicine.
The study developed subgroup-specific mortality prediction models for high and low ventilatory ratio (VR) subgroups, achieving improved accuracy in short-term mortality prediction. Minute ventilation is a key predictor for the high VR subgroup, while respiratory rate, hypocapnia, and acidemia are unique predictors for the low VR subgroup.
A Northwestern University study found an injectable regenerative nanomaterial helps protect the brain during a vulnerable window after most common type of stroke. The therapy successfully crossed the blood-brain barrier and reduced brain damage, showing no signs of side effects.
Researchers discover giant virus that infects amoeba, providing further support for nuclear virus origin hypothesis. The new virus, ushikuvirus, has distinct features and unique caps on its surface, which may hold clues to the evolution of complex cells.
Researchers found that male fish exposed to vitamin C and potassium perchlorate showed improved fertility and less damage to their testes compared to those exposed only to the chemical. The study suggests a potential safeguard for individuals regularly exposed to these chemicals, including military personnel.
A study demonstrates that combining silybin and carvedilol synergistically suppresses hepatic stellate cell activation and reverses liver fibrosis by targeting Wnt4/β-catenin signaling. This clinically feasible combination strategy has a promising new therapeutic approach for liver disease.
Researchers developed a soft, wireless implant that modulates the splenic nerve to restore immune balance in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases. The device showed excellent biocompatibility and reduced inflammation in a rat model of chronic colitis.
Researchers reviewed magnetic materials preparation, structural design and actuation systems for medical applications, highlighting potential in targeted drug delivery, minimally invasive surgery and disease diagnosis. Despite challenges, the authors emphasize magnetic soft robots' potential to reshape future healthcare practices.
A new class of engineered extracellular vesicles can induce antigen-specific regulatory T cells, potentially paving the way for next-generation therapies for autoimmune and allergic diseases. The system uses peptide-MHC complexes to display disease-relevant antigens, allowing for precise control over immune responses.
Researchers at the University of Arizona developed a mesh sleeve that monitors leg movements using AI to detect early warning signs of frailty. The device sends only the analyzed results, reducing transmission and internet requirements.
Researchers outline breakthrough strategies to address poor infiltration of CAR-T cells into solid tumor microenvironments. Vascular normalization and chemokine modulation enhance T cell penetration, while combination therapies with chemotherapy and oncolytic viruses amplify results.
Composite copper oxides La₂CuO₄ and Y₂Cu₂O₅ demonstrate exceptionally high antiviral activity against non-enveloped viruses, outperforming individual constituent oxides. The oxides' cation-rich surfaces enhance electrostatic adsorption of viruses, leading to protein inactivation and viral neutralization.
A new study uses AI to regulate mechanical ventilation for patients with ARDS, aiming to provide personalized support. The tool combines live patient monitoring with historical data to modulate ventilation parameters and reduce lung injury.
Researchers at Rice University and MD Anderson Cancer Center developed patient-specific models to predict stress and deformation in reconstructed pelvises. The study found that larger bone grafts experience lower stresses and smaller deformations than thinner bones.
Researchers at TU Wien developed a 3D bioprinting technique to create living biological tissue for studying skin diseases. The method offers a controlled and highly reproducible manner to produce tailor-made structures for different purposes, such as psoriasis and inflammatory models.
Researchers used computational fluid dynamics and experimentation to compare two ventilator modes and cuff geometries, finding that certain combinations can double airway stress. The study provides insights for ETT design and clinical decision-making.
Researchers propose a new design approach for intracortical electrodes that can record from many neurons at once without damaging them. The authors outline various manufacturing approaches, including advanced silicon micromachining and thermal fiber drawing, to create flexible devices with low stiffness.
Researchers developed a new diagnostic chip that can detect tumor cells in blood, allowing for real-time monitoring of brain cancer treatment effectiveness. The GlioExoChip uses extracellular vesicles to assess treatment response, providing a quick and minimally invasive way to inform doctors about chemotherapy efficacy.
A study on a blood parasite's genome has led to the development of a new material with unusual properties. The material combines toughness and softness, characteristics that are typically not found in the same substance.
A 20-year analysis of drug-induced fatty liver disease reveals rising cases among adults aged 18-64 and females, primarily linked to monoclonal antibodies, antipsychotics, and DMARDs. The study highlights regional differences and emphasizes the need for pharmacovigilance and preventive strategies to optimize patient safety.
Researchers have created a novel synthetic enzyme that efficiently converts CO2 into formic acid, opening up new possibilities for biotechnological production of valuable chemicals and fuels. The enzyme, FAR, tolerates high concentrations of formate and is stable in both living cells and cell-free systems.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University engineered yeast to produce 122 times more 2,3-butanediol in high-concentration environments. Gene expression analysis revealed the crucial role of proteasome and peroxisome activation in tolerance.
Researchers review how haplo-HSCT overcomes HLA barriers to restore immune homeostasis, with up to 30% GVHD rates reduced. Donor immune cells can be re-educated to accept recipients' bodies as 'self', highlighting a process of immune remodeling.
Researchers at CU Boulder developed particles that vibrate in response to ultrasound waves, reducing protein content and softening tumor tissue. This method could make chemotherapy more effective by targeting cancer cells while minimizing damage to healthy tissue.
Researchers at Washington State University have found a way to modulate a key interaction that allows herpes viruses to enter cells. By targeting this critical interaction, they were able to significantly block the virus' ability to invade cells, paving the way for potential new antiviral treatments.
A study found that only 6% of FDA-approved drugs reflect the US racial and ethnic makeup, with a decline in Black and Hispanic enrollment between 2021 and 2023. The researchers recommend setting diversity goals at preclinical stages and collecting biological samples to understand how people's bodies react to medications.
Muthu Wijesundara, a UT Arlington researcher, has been honored as a National Academy of Inventors fellow. He is recognized for his innovations in robotic exoskeletons and advanced medical devices, which aim to improve healthcare outcomes.
A new study reveals the molecular clues behind cassava's better heat handling than potato. Cassava maintains photosynthesis and hormonal balance to withstand heat, whereas potato relies on energy-costly stress repair mechanisms.
A new study suggests that a simple ECG reading from a smartwatch can accurately estimate a person's age, potentially offering a secure alternative to facial recognition or ID checks. The method achieved an average error of just under three years and accuracy consistently reached between 93 and 96%.
Philip R. Troyk, director of the Pritzker Institute of Biomedical Science and Engineering at Illinois Tech, has been elected as a Fellow of the National Academy of Inventors for his groundbreaking work on neuroprosthetic devices, including an implanted cortical visual prosthesis that provides artificial vision to individuals with profo...
Researchers used CRISPR technologies to discover previously unannotated DNA stretches in the 'dark genome', which control cell response to mechanical properties of their environment. This work could lead to new therapeutic targets for illnesses involving changes to tissue mechanics, including fibrosis and cancer.
Researchers developed a 4096-channel flexible brain-machine interface, NeuroCam, to capture large-scale neural signals. The device achieved high spatial resolution and scalability, opening up new opportunities for decoding complex neural activities and advancing neuroengineering applications.
A recent study sheds light on the spatial patterns of denitrification and anammox along a 3,500 km latitudinal gradient, highlighting their contributions to global nitrogen cycling. The research found that denitrification rates declined with soil depth, while anammox contributed more significantly in riparian bulk soils.
A study found that duckweed effectively suppresses HONO and NOₓ emissions but intensifies N₂O and NH₃ losses, posing environmental trade-offs. Duckweed improves nitrogen retention and may enhance nitrogen-use efficiency, but its use raises concerns about greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers found that a mitochondrial protein called COX7RP increases healthy lifespan in mice by improving its mitochondrial energy efficiency. The study also showed improved glucose homeostasis, healthier lipid profiles, enhanced muscle endurance, and lower fat accumulation in the liver.
Liu's project aims to translate optoretinography into a sensitive clinical biomarker for retinal disease assessment. The fellowship supports interdisciplinary problem-driven research and translation of new technologies into clinical practice.
A new study reveals that judiciously applying nitrogen can double dry-season rice yields and reduce reactive nitrogen pollution from rice paddies. The optimized nitrogen rates are found to boost farmer profitability while minimizing ecological and social costs, offering a sustainable solution for rice production in Myanmar.
Researchers will examine protein stability mechanisms in Thermus thermophilus to advance treatments for diseases such as Alzheimer's, ALS, and cancer. The team will explore the structure of Rieske proteins and their role in energy production to understand how to restore stability.
Scientists at Northwestern University have developed the fastest test yet for diagnosing hepatitis C virus, delivering results in just 15 minutes – up to 75% faster than current rapid tests. The highly accurate diagnostic could revolutionize HCV care by improving diagnosis and accelerating treatment uptake.
Researchers developed a novel bioelectronic material that transforms from a rigid film to a soft, tissue-like interface upon hydration, enabling seamless integration with living tissues. The device, called THIN, has been shown to record biological signals with high fidelity and stability in animal experiments.
A newly developed wearable sensor uses polarized light to improve photoplethysmography (PPG) signal accuracy across different skin tones. The device splits light into two channels, detecting co-polarized and cross-polarized signals to filter out superficial scattering and capture stronger signals from deeper tissue.
A new framework demonstrates that urban watersheds release most ammonium through baseflow linked to leaking sewer systems, while agricultural regions shift seasonally between groundwater-dominated nitrate transport and storm-driven dissolved organic nitrogen pulses. Effective nitrogen management requires recognizing where pollution ori...
Researchers developed a manure-integrated nitrogen management strategy that rebalances soil microbes to reduce N₂O emissions while maintaining high crop yields. The approach improved soil quality and enriched key N₂O-reducing microbes, leading to lower greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers at SwRI and Trinity University are working on a new prodrug to mitigate ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), which causes permanent cellular and tissue damage. The team aims to protect against IRI by targeting protein misfolding during cellular stress.
Researchers are formulating and evaluating an intranasal oxytocin delivery system to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The project aims to enhance the efficacy and palatability of existing treatments, expanding on prior research that explored using oxytocin to treat alcoholism.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University improved electrode performance in brain-computer interfaces by delivering anti-inflammatory drugs directly to the site of implantation using platelet-inspired nanoparticles. The breakthrough has potential applications for treating various diseases involving inflammation and vascular injury.
Researchers at Penn State are developing a small, durable ventricular assist device (VAD) specifically designed for young children with heart failure. The PSU Child VAD aims to provide long-term support while waiting for a heart transplant, improving quality of life and outcomes.
A new machine learning model developed at the University of Michigan uses data from wearable sensors to predict how physical therapists would assess balance training performance. The model was trained with sensor data combined with analysis from physical therapists and predicted patients' balance ratings with nearly 90% accuracy.
A new advance in EEG imaging technology has improved mapping for epilepsy surgery, providing an accurate and non-invasive method. Pathological HFOs were found to be the most accurate biomarker for identifying epileptogenic brain regions, allowing for precise localization of seizure onset.
A new generation of brain-computer interface offers high-throughput information link to and from the brain, transforming treatment possibilities for neurological conditions like epilepsy and ALS. The single silicon chip implant is orders of magnitude faster and smaller than today's state-of-the-art devices.
Researchers at Science Tokyo have developed a tunable deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) cell-sorting platform using poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel arrays. The device sorts cancer cells of defined sizes from blood samples with high-resolution size-based sorting, offering a promising tool for biomedical applications.