Articles tagged with Biomedical Engineering
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers used computational fluid dynamics and experimentation to compare two ventilator modes and cuff geometries, finding that certain combinations can double airway stress. The study provides insights for ETT design and clinical decision-making.
A study on a blood parasite's genome has led to the development of a new material with unusual properties. The material combines toughness and softness, characteristics that are typically not found in the same substance.
A 20-year analysis of drug-induced fatty liver disease reveals rising cases among adults aged 18-64 and females, primarily linked to monoclonal antibodies, antipsychotics, and DMARDs. The study highlights regional differences and emphasizes the need for pharmacovigilance and preventive strategies to optimize patient safety.
Researchers developed a new diagnostic chip that can detect tumor cells in blood, allowing for real-time monitoring of brain cancer treatment effectiveness. The GlioExoChip uses extracellular vesicles to assess treatment response, providing a quick and minimally invasive way to inform doctors about chemotherapy efficacy.
Researchers review how haplo-HSCT overcomes HLA barriers to restore immune homeostasis, with up to 30% GVHD rates reduced. Donor immune cells can be re-educated to accept recipients' bodies as 'self', highlighting a process of immune remodeling.
Researchers at CU Boulder developed particles that vibrate in response to ultrasound waves, reducing protein content and softening tumor tissue. This method could make chemotherapy more effective by targeting cancer cells while minimizing damage to healthy tissue.
Researchers at Washington State University have found a way to modulate a key interaction that allows herpes viruses to enter cells. By targeting this critical interaction, they were able to significantly block the virus' ability to invade cells, paving the way for potential new antiviral treatments.
Researchers have created a novel synthetic enzyme that efficiently converts CO2 into formic acid, opening up new possibilities for biotechnological production of valuable chemicals and fuels. The enzyme, FAR, tolerates high concentrations of formate and is stable in both living cells and cell-free systems.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University engineered yeast to produce 122 times more 2,3-butanediol in high-concentration environments. Gene expression analysis revealed the crucial role of proteasome and peroxisome activation in tolerance.
A study found that only 6% of FDA-approved drugs reflect the US racial and ethnic makeup, with a decline in Black and Hispanic enrollment between 2021 and 2023. The researchers recommend setting diversity goals at preclinical stages and collecting biological samples to understand how people's bodies react to medications.
A new study reveals the molecular clues behind cassava's better heat handling than potato. Cassava maintains photosynthesis and hormonal balance to withstand heat, whereas potato relies on energy-costly stress repair mechanisms.
A new study suggests that a simple ECG reading from a smartwatch can accurately estimate a person's age, potentially offering a secure alternative to facial recognition or ID checks. The method achieved an average error of just under three years and accuracy consistently reached between 93 and 96%.
Philip R. Troyk, director of the Pritzker Institute of Biomedical Science and Engineering at Illinois Tech, has been elected as a Fellow of the National Academy of Inventors for his groundbreaking work on neuroprosthetic devices, including an implanted cortical visual prosthesis that provides artificial vision to individuals with profo...
Muthu Wijesundara, a UT Arlington researcher, has been honored as a National Academy of Inventors fellow. He is recognized for his innovations in robotic exoskeletons and advanced medical devices, which aim to improve healthcare outcomes.
Liu's project aims to translate optoretinography into a sensitive clinical biomarker for retinal disease assessment. The fellowship supports interdisciplinary problem-driven research and translation of new technologies into clinical practice.
A new study reveals that judiciously applying nitrogen can double dry-season rice yields and reduce reactive nitrogen pollution from rice paddies. The optimized nitrogen rates are found to boost farmer profitability while minimizing ecological and social costs, offering a sustainable solution for rice production in Myanmar.
Researchers will examine protein stability mechanisms in Thermus thermophilus to advance treatments for diseases such as Alzheimer's, ALS, and cancer. The team will explore the structure of Rieske proteins and their role in energy production to understand how to restore stability.
Scientists at Northwestern University have developed the fastest test yet for diagnosing hepatitis C virus, delivering results in just 15 minutes – up to 75% faster than current rapid tests. The highly accurate diagnostic could revolutionize HCV care by improving diagnosis and accelerating treatment uptake.
Researchers developed a novel bioelectronic material that transforms from a rigid film to a soft, tissue-like interface upon hydration, enabling seamless integration with living tissues. The device, called THIN, has been shown to record biological signals with high fidelity and stability in animal experiments.
A newly developed wearable sensor uses polarized light to improve photoplethysmography (PPG) signal accuracy across different skin tones. The device splits light into two channels, detecting co-polarized and cross-polarized signals to filter out superficial scattering and capture stronger signals from deeper tissue.
A new framework demonstrates that urban watersheds release most ammonium through baseflow linked to leaking sewer systems, while agricultural regions shift seasonally between groundwater-dominated nitrate transport and storm-driven dissolved organic nitrogen pulses. Effective nitrogen management requires recognizing where pollution ori...
Researchers developed a manure-integrated nitrogen management strategy that rebalances soil microbes to reduce N₂O emissions while maintaining high crop yields. The approach improved soil quality and enriched key N₂O-reducing microbes, leading to lower greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers at SwRI and Trinity University are working on a new prodrug to mitigate ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), which causes permanent cellular and tissue damage. The team aims to protect against IRI by targeting protein misfolding during cellular stress.
Researchers used CRISPR technologies to discover previously unannotated DNA stretches in the 'dark genome', which control cell response to mechanical properties of their environment. This work could lead to new therapeutic targets for illnesses involving changes to tissue mechanics, including fibrosis and cancer.
Researchers developed a 4096-channel flexible brain-machine interface, NeuroCam, to capture large-scale neural signals. The device achieved high spatial resolution and scalability, opening up new opportunities for decoding complex neural activities and advancing neuroengineering applications.
A recent study sheds light on the spatial patterns of denitrification and anammox along a 3,500 km latitudinal gradient, highlighting their contributions to global nitrogen cycling. The research found that denitrification rates declined with soil depth, while anammox contributed more significantly in riparian bulk soils.
A study found that duckweed effectively suppresses HONO and NOₓ emissions but intensifies N₂O and NH₃ losses, posing environmental trade-offs. Duckweed improves nitrogen retention and may enhance nitrogen-use efficiency, but its use raises concerns about greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers found that a mitochondrial protein called COX7RP increases healthy lifespan in mice by improving its mitochondrial energy efficiency. The study also showed improved glucose homeostasis, healthier lipid profiles, enhanced muscle endurance, and lower fat accumulation in the liver.
Researchers are formulating and evaluating an intranasal oxytocin delivery system to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The project aims to enhance the efficacy and palatability of existing treatments, expanding on prior research that explored using oxytocin to treat alcoholism.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University improved electrode performance in brain-computer interfaces by delivering anti-inflammatory drugs directly to the site of implantation using platelet-inspired nanoparticles. The breakthrough has potential applications for treating various diseases involving inflammation and vascular injury.
A new machine learning model developed at the University of Michigan uses data from wearable sensors to predict how physical therapists would assess balance training performance. The model was trained with sensor data combined with analysis from physical therapists and predicted patients' balance ratings with nearly 90% accuracy.
A new advance in EEG imaging technology has improved mapping for epilepsy surgery, providing an accurate and non-invasive method. Pathological HFOs were found to be the most accurate biomarker for identifying epileptogenic brain regions, allowing for precise localization of seizure onset.
A new generation of brain-computer interface offers high-throughput information link to and from the brain, transforming treatment possibilities for neurological conditions like epilepsy and ALS. The single silicon chip implant is orders of magnitude faster and smaller than today's state-of-the-art devices.
Researchers at Penn State are developing a small, durable ventricular assist device (VAD) specifically designed for young children with heart failure. The PSU Child VAD aims to provide long-term support while waiting for a heart transplant, improving quality of life and outcomes.
Researchers at Science Tokyo have developed a tunable deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) cell-sorting platform using poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel arrays. The device sorts cancer cells of defined sizes from blood samples with high-resolution size-based sorting, offering a promising tool for biomedical applications.
Researchers at NYU Tandon have developed a new algorithm that dramatically speeds up the reconstruction of microwave images, allowing for real-time diagnostic capabilities. This breakthrough could enable portable tools for stroke detection and breast cancer screening in low-resource settings.
The new PLAMseq technique enables simultaneous analysis of chromatin-associated proteins and their location in the genome, opening up new avenues for researching human diseases. This breakthrough could lead to a better understanding of epigenetic mechanisms underlying diseases such as cancer and neurological disorders.
A new organ-on-a-chip platform recapitulates age-dependent immune responses, allowing for more accurate testing of cancer vaccines in older adults. The platform reveals functional differences in immune responses between young and old lymphocytes, which are not detectable with traditional 2D cultures.
Researchers have created magnetic microcatheters for precise delivery of drugs and cells in reproductive medicine. The catheters can navigate complex anatomical pathways without damaging tissue due to their controlled movement.
A study published in Energy & Environment Nexus highlights the benefits of biochar in semi-continuous anaerobic digestion systems treating food waste. Biochar enhances hydrogen and methane production, stabilizes pH, and promotes microbial resilience, making it a practical and cost-effective additive for improving TPAD performance.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a way to make serum markers more sensitive by editing them inside the bloodstream, enabling clearer observation of gene-expression changes in the brain. This approach could lead to more precise diagnostic capabilities using simple blood tests.
Researchers develop direct regeneration approach to restore high-nickel lithium-ion battery cathodes, extending lifespan and improving energy density. The new method uses a LiOH-LiNiO3-lithium salicylate eutectic salt system to repair structural integrity and compensate for lithium loss.
A new study warns that delayed climate mitigation could lead to a sharp decline in the social cost of carbon, eroding global motivation for renewable energy adoption. The research reveals that if action is delayed until after 2050, damages may near 30% of GDP and the likelihood of limiting warming to 2°C falls below 10%.
A new study evaluates the ecological use of reclaimed water, identifying key dimensions of indicators for pollution level, purification process, sensory quality, and nature proximity. The authors propose a holistic framework to address these impacts and develop differentiated safety standards for toxins, nutrients, and pathogens.
A new study found that combining scientific inquiry with practical invention enhances both efforts, leading to more novel and influential work. Researchers who publish and patent simultaneously produce results that are more highly cited and impactful than those who only focus on one activity.
Scientists at Institute of Science Tokyo have developed an artificial metalloenzyme-based platform that enables dynamic control of artificial membranes, mimicking the behavior of natural biological membranes. The researchers successfully induced phase-separated domain disappearance and membrane division in artificial membranes using a ...
Researchers developed a non-invasive spinal stimulation system that bypasses the lesion site and strengthens preserved spinal circuits. This approach enables paraplegic patients to regain bilateral stepping control and improve step length and cadence.
The UBC robotic platform helps scientists understand how the brain keeps us standing by mimicking delays in sensory feedback. By tweaking forces and adding short delays, the robot reveals that our sense of space and time work from the same playbook.
An international team led by Lehigh University researcher Hannah Dailey is building predictive models to understand and eventually prevent bone healing complications. The team aims to incorporate biological differences into the model, using a library of imaging data from Switzerland's AO Research Institute Davos.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine discovered a natural mechanism that clears amyloid plaques from the brains of mouse models with Alzheimer's disease, preserving cognitive function. Increasing Sox9 production triggered astrocytes' ability to remove toxic plaques, suggesting a potential astrocyte-based therapeutic approach.
A team of researchers from Texas A&M University has developed a new method to give damaged cells new mitochondria, restoring energy output and cell health. The technique uses nanoflowers to boost stem cells, which then transfer their surplus mitochondria to injured neighbors.
A simplified intelligent modelling platform online (SIMPO) has been developed to enable everyone to use professional-grade wastewater treatment modelling. SIMPO automates complex tasks, provides a practical tool for designing and optimizing processes, and offers an intuitive interface for students.
Researchers at Tulane University discovered a new nerve cell signaling mechanism that can turn on pain signaling after injury, potentially leading to safer treatments. The discovery of enzyme vertebrate lonesome kinase (VLK) offers a new way to influence cell behavior and could simplify drug development.
A new algorithm developed by researchers at North Carolina State University can optimize the movement of robotic prosthetic devices and help users exhibit a more natural walking pattern. The algorithm improves hip range of motion and reduces lower back pain for all five study participants.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded a $2.5 million Phase II Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant to Case Western Reserve University to develop medical technology that can track specific cells in the body, including cancer cells. This technology aims to enhance the ability to locate therapeutic cells or diseased cells.
Researchers at Virginia Tech's Fralin Biomedical Research Institute are studying how fluid flow contributes to the spread of glioblastoma tumors. They will use focused ultrasound and advanced MRI techniques to build a map of fluid flow in the whole brain and test the effectiveness of drug delivery.
Researchers identified six major genetic groups, including the small-leafed sinensis and five broadleaf assamica populations from India, Indochina, and Yunnan. The study provides a genetic roadmap for global tea conservation and breeding, defining clear population boundaries and uncovering underused germplasm.
A new heart monitoring system featuring dry 3D-printed electrodes and AI software can diagnose up to 10 types of arrhythmias, reducing testing time and medical waste. The system's reusable design improves patient comfort and compliance during long-term monitoring.
Researchers created a miniaturized replica of carotid arteries using 3D printing, mimicking the geometry and fluid dynamics of human blood vessels. The model revealed that platelet movement is crucial in blood clot formation, and high stress on blood vessels triggers significant platelet activity.
A new study has discovered that cancer cells use different strategies to move through tight tissue gaps, with fibrosarcoma cells being more flexible and deformable. This flexibility allows them to squeeze through narrow gaps more efficiently, but does not affect the direction of their movement.