Articles tagged with Analgesics
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A University of Georgia study found that moderate doses of caffeine reduce post-workout muscle pain by up to 48 percent in women. Caffeine works by blocking the body's receptors for adenosine, a chemical released in response to inflammation.
Researchers have discovered that aspirin forms crystals containing both long-known and predicted structures, upending fundamental principles. The two 'polymorphic' forms exist in one single crystal, raising questions about the definition of polymorphism and its implications for patent law.
A team of Cambridge-led researchers has identified a genetic mutation that renders carriers pain-insensitive. The study reveals the role of the SCN9A gene in pain sensation and may lead to new, safer pain medications.
Research suggests that common painkillers like NSAIDs can reduce vaccine effectiveness by reducing antibody production. The study's findings have implications for people who take these medications regularly, particularly those with compromised immune systems.
A study published in Neurology found that pregabalin significantly reduced severe pain and anxiety problems in patients with moderate to severe nerve pain after spinal cord injury. The medication was effective in relieving pain, improving sleep, and overall well-being.
A study conducted by Dr. Benedikt Fischer and his team reveals that prescription opioids are the major form of illicit opioid use in seven Canadian cities, surpassing heroin use. The findings suggest a significant decline in heroin use among participants between 2001 and 2005.
A new analysis by Duke University Medical Center cardiologists found that taking low-dose aspirin daily reduces the risk of heart attack, stroke, and death among patients with stable cardiovascular disease. The study also showed an increased risk of bleeding, but the protective benefits of aspirin outweigh this side effect.
A study analyzed 227 adult patients with neck pain who participated in a larger prospective, randomized, open-label study. After four weeks, patients reported a 30.7% reduction in pain intensity, suggesting that Kadian offers broad utility for even the most disabling types of chronic pain.
A study found that eating small amounts of dark chocolate daily can decrease the tendency of platelets to clot in narrow blood vessels, reducing heart attack risk. Researchers analyzed blood samples from 139 'chocolate offenders' who were excluded from a larger aspirin study and found them to be less reactive than those who abstained.
Researchers found a new approach to treating chronic and debilitating neuropathic pain by blocking the alpha9alpha10 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. The study suggests a previously unrecognized molecular mechanism for treating this condition, which affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide.
Researchers found that synthetic antioxidants significantly reduced pain-like behavior in mice with inflamed hind paws, with 70-90% reduction during acute phase and 78-98% reduction during tonic phase. This suggests that antioxidants may fight chronic pain by helping the body break down free radicals.
Research shows that people who feel in control of their lives are less effective at coping with pain when it's beyond their control. Teaching psychological coping strategies helps reduce pain effects. The study suggests acceptance-based therapy may be a more effective approach to managing persistent pain.
A recent study by Dartmouth researchers found that individuals with a specific genetic variation in their ODC gene are more likely to benefit from aspirin use in preventing colon cancer. These individuals were 23% less likely to develop new adenomas and 49% less likely to develop more advanced lesions.
A specific gene variant, GCH1, affects both acute and chronic pain sensitivity in humans. The protective version of the gene reduces the risk of developing chronic post-surgical pain.
A new study from the University of Michigan finds that the brain chemical dopamine is involved in both pleasure and pain responses, with variations between individuals affecting vulnerability to drug addiction. The research may help explain why some people are more prone to developing addictions during times of stress or chronic pain.
A new study found that only 33.3% of patients with locally advanced colorectal cancer received the recommended extensive surgery, which reduces local recurrence and improves survival rates. Aspirin takers with a specific genetic variant showed lower risk of developing colorectal adenomas.
Researchers have discovered aspirin's ability to prevent blood vessel formation, a crucial step in tumor growth. By targeting this process, scientists can develop entirely new types of cancer-fighting drugs.
A study found that physicians prescribed new medications without adequately explaining key information, including side effects and dosing instructions. Patients who receive complete instructions are more likely to adhere to treatment plans.
Healthcare providers must weigh benefits and risks of NSAID use, which are associated with gastrointestinal complications. The AGA Institute recommends lower-risk agents and gastroprotection methods for patients at high risk of GI complications.
Low-dose aspirin treatment may cause an extra case of gastrointestinal complications, such as ulcer bleeding or perforation, in susceptible groups. The authors conclude that for some patients taking aspirin to reduce their risk of heart attack, the risk of gastrointestinal complications might outweigh the cardioprotective effects.
Researchers at Cardiff University have found a link between low nitric oxide levels and increased risk of heart attack and stroke in patients taking NSAIDs. Lower nitric oxide levels may make individuals more susceptible to cardiovascular side effects from these medications.
A recent study by Robert J. Gatchel confirmed that patients scoring high on the Pain Medication Questionnaire (PMQ) test demonstrate higher levels of substance abuse, psychopathology, and physical/life functioning problems. The study found that patients in the high-PMQ group are 3.2 times more likely to request early medication refills.
A study by Mayo Clinic researchers found that men who took nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) had a 50 percent lower risk of developing an enlarged prostate and a 35 percent lower risk of moderate to severe urinary symptoms compared to non-users.
A newly discovered enzyme inhibitor identified by researchers looking for pest controls may provide pain relief for arthritis and inflammatory diseases sufferers. The finding, hailed as the most important discovery in inflammation in over a decade, reduces side effects associated with painkillers like Vioxx.
Researchers have identified a protein called TRPM8 that mediates sensations of coolness and is expressed in nerve cells in the skin, responding to both cool temperatures and cooling chemicals like mint oil. This discovery has great potential for relieving chronic pain patients with approaches using cooling compounds
A new synthetic treatment has been discovered that uses cooling chemicals to kill pain, targeting the TRPM8 receptor in human skin. This approach may offer a more effective and safer alternative to conventional painkillers for chronic pain patients.
A small study found that TV effectively reduces kids' pain scores, with passive distraction being more effective than active distraction. Watching TV increases children's pain tolerance, making it a useful tool for minor procedures.
A study found that exposure to similar logos reduces brand-exclusive recall by one-third, on average. Consumers' relative knowledge of the two product categories also impacts retrieval.
A study published by the University of Kentucky found that smokers with chronic pain tend to smoke at higher rates than those without pain. However, over half of these smokers are considering quitting. The research suggests that addressing smoking cessation as part of pain management could lead to improved health outcomes.
A study found that UK recommendations on paracetamol availability are not being followed, with many pharmacies and outlets selling more than 16 tablets at a time. The researchers discovered that almost half of patients who visited the emergency department for paracetamol poisoning had deliberately bought the medication for an overdose.
A recent study found that prescription painkillers, such as oxycodone and hydrocodone, are involved in more drug overdose deaths than cocaine or heroin in the US. Overdose deaths from these drugs have increased significantly over the past 15 years, with sales of opioid painkillers rising parallel to deaths.
Researchers found that chronic ibuprofen therapy given after brain injury worsened cognitive abilities in animal models. The study suggests potential implications for traumatic brain injury patients who often receive ibuprofen for chronic pain.
Researchers at Columbia University Medical Center have discovered a protein switch that activates chronic pain. The switch is an enzyme called protein kinase G (PKG), which sets off processes generating pain messages when activated. Turning PKG off relieves pain, making it a potential target for therapy.
Researchers at OHSU are testing a new device called the U-plate to aid in repairing broken ribs. The study aims to identify individuals who benefit most from surgical repair versus nonsurgical therapy.
A new treatment plan involving behavior modification and pharmaceutical treatment has shown marked improvement in nearly half of patients with medically unexplained symptoms. The treatment also emphasizes improved communication between patient and doctor, highlighting the importance of the doctor-patient relationship.
Researchers found that combining antioxidants with a chest pain drug improves heart function after a heart attack by reducing free radical damage. The antioxidant derivatives TMZ-NH and TMZ-NH showed significant protection against tissue damage during reperfusion, leading to improved blood flow and reduced infarct size.
A study by the University of Alberta found that older farmers who stop taking prescribed pain medications are at higher risk of injury. The research identified several reasons for this, including distraction caused by pain, withdrawal symptoms, and incontinence-related discomfort.
Researchers discovered that heat, specifically above 40 degrees Celsius, blocks pain receptors by inhibiting chemical messengers. This finding has implications for developing pain relief drugs targeting P2X3 receptors.
A study found that acupuncture improved knee pain in patients with osteoarthritis, even when compared to sham acupuncture. Another study revealed that Mediterranean diets improved blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and blood sugar levels in older adults at risk for heart disease.
Researchers found that targeting women's depression can help reduce disability associated with chronic pain. Women are more likely to experience higher levels of depression and greater pain intensity than men, and may respond differently to treatments.
A Queen's University study discovered a new heterodimer formed by COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes in genetically modified mice. This finding may impact the development of alternative anti-inflammatory drugs, potentially reducing cardiovascular risks associated with existing pain medications.
A phase 3 clinical study found that nearly half of patients with advanced illness experienced laxation within four hours of receiving methylnaltrexone, and over 70% responded by the end of the first week. The treatment also showed no diminishment of analgesia due to medication.
Recent studies demonstrate improved virus suppression with novel therapy combinations for hepatitis treatment, including valopicitabine plus peg-interferon. Researchers found a higher dose of the drug showed promising results, but also led to side effects that forced dosage reduction.
Researchers found a link between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and an increased risk of first-time hospital admissions for heart failure in the elderly. People taking indomethacin were three times more likely to be admitted due to osteoarthritis as their reason for taking NSAIDs.
A new marijuana-derived drug, IP 751, has shown significant promise in suppressing bladder overactivity and alleviating painful symptoms in animal models of interstitial cystitis. Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine developed a liposome-based delivery system to overcome the hydrophobic properties of the drug.
A study published in The Lancet found that patients taking aspirin and dipyridamole had fewer circulatory events compared to those on aspirin alone. This combination therapy reduced the relative risk of vascular death, stroke, or heart attack by 18%.
A recent study found that acetaminophen is safe to use after a heart attack, but it does not offer any protection for the heart. The researchers tested the effects of acetaminophen on animals with induced heart attacks and found no significant impact on blood flow, heart muscle damage, or ventricular function.
A quarter of patients who suffered a heart attack while taking Vioxx did so within the first two weeks of use, new research shows. The study found that cardiovascular risk returns to normal within one month of stopping the drug.
Researchers found that aspirin significantly reduces the risk of hearing loss when paired with gentamicin, a commonly used antibiotic. The study, conducted in China and published in the New England Journal of Medicine, showed a 75% lower incidence of hearing loss in patients given aspirin compared to those receiving placebos.
Researchers found that people taking all three medications experienced less severe strokes, shorter hospital stays, and better brain function after a stroke. The study suggests that these medications may work together to improve blood flow and reduce brain cell damage.
A controlled trial found that hypnotherapy significantly improved sense of overall wellbeing and reduced painkiller use, while supportive therapy had no effect. Brain scans show that hypnotherapy affects the brain's processing of painful stimuli.
Researchers found sex differences in brain regions responsible for pain transmission, with males and females responding differently to pain stimuli. Persistent pain activates this pathway more strongly in males than females, highlighting the need for tailored pain treatments.
Researchers found that blocking microsomal prostaglandin E synthase (mPGES)-1 in mice reduces cardiovascular risk, while retaining the benefit of Vioxx and Celebrex. The study suggests a promising alternative for patients with arthritis, conserving clinical benefits while managing cardiovascular risks.
Researchers identified a new class of anti-inflammatory drugs that may lessen cardiovascular risk by targeting microsomal prostaglandin E synthase (mPGES)-1. Unlike COX-2 inhibitors, mPGES-1 inhibitors do not increase the risk of heart attack and stroke while preserving some benefits.
A new Kent State group called the Center for Health Literacy aims to improve the health literacy of adults and families. The project will evaluate all aspects of the health information-seeking process and make recommendations to help health-related institutions craft more effective health information programs and services.
A case report identified a serious oral post-surgical complication in a patient receiving IV bisphosphonates for breast carcinoma-related osteopenia. The patient developed osteonecrosis following periodontal surgical therapy, emphasizing the importance of dental evaluations before initiating IV bisphosphonate therapy.
Researchers found that older men who drank moderately or heavily and had comorbidities worsened by alcohol use had a 20% higher mortality rate than other drinkers. The study also revealed that lower drinking thresholds should be recommended for older adults with specific conditions.
Researchers discovered that amphetamines are converted into free radicals in the brain, leading to long-term neurodegeneration and oxidative stress. The study suggests a novel mechanism for how amphetamines may contribute to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
A team of researchers has identified a potassium channel, Kv4.2, that plays a crucial role in pain plasticity and may be a primary target for new pain therapies. The study suggests that increasing the activity of this channel or decreasing the activity of related ERK molecule could lead to analgesic effects.
Women with lower extremity osteoarthritis are at higher risk of developing mobility difficulties, including lower extremity mobility and daily activities. Greater knee strength can reduce this risk, while obesity is a significant contributor to these limitations.