Articles tagged with Analgesics
Researchers at the University of Virginia Health System have identified a new type of pain-sensing neuron in rats, which may serve as a target for future therapies to treat neuropathic pain. The T-type calcium channels in these cells may act as a volume control for pain impulses.
A study by Rice University researchers found that salicylate causes membranes to thin, soften, and rupture more easily, increasing the risk of hearing loss. The findings provide a mechanistic basis for the debilitating side effects of anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin and ibuprofen.
Researchers found that women who labored between noon and 6 p.m. received an average of 27 percent longer pain relief from a single dose of spinal-epidural medication fentanyl compared to those who labored between 8 p.m. and 2 a.m.
A large analysis of Medicare records suggests that aspirin is not harmful and may even lower mortality rates in patients with heart failure and coronary artery disease. However, the debate remains controversial, with some experts recommending limiting or avoiding aspirin use for these patients.
Researchers found abatacept to be effective in treating rheumatoid arthritis, improving at least 20% of patients' condition compared to placebo. The drug reduces immune system attack on joints, providing significant pain relief and improving functionality.
Researchers found that a decline in prostacyclin led to cardiac complications, including hypertension and heart scarring, in mice prone to high blood pressure. Aspirin may protect against this damage by blocking unrestrained thromboxane actions.
A new study found that mice with high blood pressure are more susceptible to cardiac complications when taking painkillers due to a chemical imbalance between prostacyclin and thromboxane. This imbalance can lead to hypertension, enlarged hearts, and severe scarring of the heart.
The ACTIVE trial program was designed to evaluate the use of clopidogrel plus aspirin in patients with atrial fibrillation. After an interim analysis, it was recommended to discontinue the ACTIVE W trial but continue the ACTIVE A and I trials.
The ELISA II trial found that triple antiplatelet (AP) therapy reduced enzymatic infarct size and improved epicardial coronary artery flow in patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE ACS). Triple AP therapy also showed a trend towards better event-free survival at 96 hours and 30 days after randomization.
A Dutch study found that end-of-life decisions for children are common, involving medical professionals and families. The study's findings emphasize the need for clear communication about end-of-life care for minors.
Scientists at Monell Chemical Senses Center discovered a natural anti-inflammatory compound, oleocanthal, in olive oil. Oleocanthal inhibits COX enzymes, sharing similar action as ibuprofen, and may play a causal role in health benefits associated with Mediterranean diet.
Researchers found that IP 751 significantly suppressed bladder overactivity without affecting contractility, offering a new option for IC treatment. The study's results are promising for patients with interstitial cystitis, a chronic pelvic pain disorder affecting millions of Americans.
A new study provides direct evidence that the brain's own pain-fighting chemicals play a role in the placebo effect, reducing feelings of pain. Participants who received a sham pain treatment reported increased activity in their mu opioid endorphin system after being told they were receiving a medicine.
A study found that long-term aspirin use lowers the risk of invasive colorectal cancer, especially in those taking high doses for more than 10 years. However, serious gastrointestinal bleeding risk increases with higher doses.
Long-term and regular aspirin use is associated with a significant reduction in colorectal cancer risk, with benefits observed at doses of 14 tablets per week or more. The study found that the risk of colorectal cancer decreased by up to 53% among women who took high-dose aspirin for over 10 years.
A new epidemiological study from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found a protective relationship between non-aspirin, non-steroidal drugs (NANSAIDs) and heart attacks. The study used patient surveys instead of administrative databases, which may have skewed previous results.
A study of over 4,000 women found that taking high doses of acetaminophen and ibuprofen may increase the risk of developing high blood pressure. Women taking these painkillers were more likely to develop hypertension compared to those who didn't use them.
A recent study found that certain drugs, such as sulfonylureas and acetaminophen, may counteract nitroglycerin's effects, increasing cardiovascular risk. The researchers discovered that a specific mitochondrial enzyme, aldehyde dehydrogenase, is crucial for nitroglycerin action.
A study of 372 community-dwelling older patients found that those receiving high-quality care had better survival rates than those without it. The research created a quality-of-care score based on 236 process-of-care measures, with survival improving steadily as the score increased.
Research reveals that aspirin resistance is a significant concern for certain patient groups, particularly those with coronary heart disease or high cholesterol levels. An alternative treatment option, Clopidogrel, has shown promise in reducing blood clotting and inflammation in these patients.
The company will use the investment to accelerate its drug development program for neuropathic pain, a prevalent condition affecting an estimated 45% of diabetics and 75% of those over 70. With a significant worldwide market valued at US$3 billion, Spinifex aims to deliver a novel solution to this unmet medical need.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University found that taking ibuprofen before gum surgery can lead to nearly double the amount of blood loss compared to those who don't take the medication. The study suggests patients should avoid NSAIDs before oral surgeries to minimize bleeding risk.
A new report describes a potential problem with the new drug pregabalin, which may result in neurological complications such as nausea, headache, and hallucinations. The researchers recommend that patients not stop taking the medication abruptly until further studies are conducted.
A large-scale randomized trial found that low-dose aspirin had no effect on reducing the risk of total cancer, breast cancer, or colorectal cancer in healthy women. The study also suggested a possible trend toward reduced lung cancer risk, but this finding was not statistically significant.
A recent study by the University of Florida found that fentanyl patch abuse led to the death of 115 people in Florida last year. The abuse often involves removing the full dose from the patch and taking it all at once, either through injection, ingestion, or smoking.
A study published in Arthritis & Rheumatism found that doxycycline slowed joint space narrowing by 40-33% compared to a placebo. While it didn't reduce joint pain severity, it did decrease frequent increases in knee pain. The treatment was well-tolerated with minimal side effects.
Researchers have discovered that naturally occurring cannabinoids, such as 2-AG, play a role in stress-induced analgesia. A new drug targeting the enzyme monoacylglycerol lipase could manipulate these compounds to provide pain relief without psychoactive side effects.
Researchers have discovered a link between stress-induced analgesia and endocannabinoids, finding that natural marijuana-like chemicals in the brain play a key role in pain suppression. A novel inhibitor molecule has been developed to boost the analgesic effect of the specific cannabinoid compound most directly related to pain relief.
Researchers found that placebo treatment reduced subjects' ratings of unpleasant pictures and activity in emotional centers. The study generalizes the concept of placebo effect and its underlying neural mechanisms for both pain perception and emotional stimuli.
Researchers developed a drug cocktail combining morphine with methadone to prevent cellular signaling imbalances associated with opiate tolerance. The study found that rats receiving the cocktail experienced reduced morphine dependence, suggesting a potential approach for treating chronic pain.
Scientists develop gene transfer technology to block neuropathic pain by delivering a GABA-enhancing gene via a disabled herpes simplex virus. The treatment showed promise in animal studies, with pain-relieving effects lasting up to six weeks. A clinical trial in humans is planned.
A new study found that long-term daily use of aspirin was associated with an increased risk of ER/PR-negative breast cancer, while long-term daily use of ibuprofen was linked to a higher risk of nonlocalized breast cancer. Regular NSAID use was not associated with breast cancer risk.
Scientists Tiruppattur V. Ramakrishnan and Sergio Henrique Ferreira receive the first Trieste Science Prizes for their groundbreaking research in physics and biological sciences. Their work has led to significant breakthroughs in understanding quantum transport, nanoscopic systems, and the treatment of hypertension and chronic pain.
A study finds that opioid medications are safe and effective for long-term pain relief in older patients, but pose risks for younger patients. Older patients experience significant relief with minimal dose escalation, while younger patients show no long-term benefit despite high doses.
Researchers at UF found dextromethorphan, commonly used in cough remedies, reduces fibromyalgia 'wind-up' pain. The study suggests the drug may eventually be an option for treating fibromyalgia and other conditions involving heightened pain sensitivity.
A new understanding of morphine's side effects has been gained through the discovery of methylnaltrexone, a peripheral opiate antagonist. This breakthrough allows scientists to distinguish between morphine's central analgesic and peripheral side effects, offering new hope for patients experiencing severe nausea, itching, and constipation.
A prospective study of 846 patients with stage III colon cancer found that regular aspirin use reduced the risk of recurrence by 55% and mortality by 48%. COX-2 inhibitors showed similar benefits, with no effect seen from acetaminophen use.
Researchers studied brain activity in fibromyalgia patients to understand depression-pain connection. They found heightened sensitivity to pressure-induced pain in FM patients, regardless of depressive symptoms. The study suggests treating depression and physical pain separately for better outcomes.
Research suggests that daily acetaminophen use is associated with a higher prevalence of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), as well as decreased lung function. In contrast, vitamin C supplementation during pregnancy can limit the negative effects of nicotine on fetal lung tissue.
A population-based study found that long-term NSAID use significantly reduced the risk of developing oral cancer in light to moderate smokers, with a 65% decrease observed compared to non-NSAID users. The most effective NSAIDs were those used by smokers with low pack-year tobacco consumption.
A recent study published by the American Academy of Neurology suggests that long-term use of ibuprofen may lower the risk of developing Parkinson's disease. The research found a 35% lower risk among ibuprofen users compared to non-users, with risks decreasing depending on weekly dosage.
Researchers found that pretreating with DHE can prevent migraines from progressing to debilitating sensitization. This breakthrough suggests that more patients can benefit from standard treatment using intravenous DHE.
A new study published in Arthritis & Rheumatism found that Pfizer's Lyrica significantly reduced pain and improved sleep, fatigue, and other symptoms in patients with fibromyalgia. The study also showed a clinically meaningful reduction of pain in 48% of patients taking Lyrica compared to 27% on placebo.
Researchers developed patient scenarios to compare costs of three therapies for treating chronic arthritis pain. The study found that combining a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with an acid-reducing drug was less expensive, safer, and more effective than using a Cox-2 inhibitor alone.
A study found that 57% of end-of-life decisions in neonates and infants involve withdrawing or withholding treatment, with lethal doses administered in 9 cases. Doctors support legalizing termination in some cases due to the expected poor quality of life and lack of survival chances.
The American College of Physicians recommends a weight loss approach that includes diet and exercise for everyone, with medication or surgery considered only for those who fail to achieve weight loss goals. However, the guidelines also warn about potential side effects and risks associated with surgical procedures.
A head-to-head study comparing Lidoderm patches and Celebrex found that Lidoderm alleviated knee pain in 54% of patients, while Celebrex showed similar results in 62%. The study's findings are promising for further research into Lidoderm's potential as an osteoarthritis treatment.
A study shows that lidocaine patch 5% and celecoxib achieved significant reductions in pain intensity, with 62% of patients in the celecoxib group experiencing a 30% or greater improvement. The findings offer hope for OA patients seeking alternative pain relief options.
Researchers at Queen's University discovered that a combination of gabapentin and morphine provides better pain relief for patients with diabetic neuropathy and postherpetic neuralgia, while also minimizing side effects. The study used a clinical trial to compare the treatment to individual medications and a placebo.
A new study found that aspirin is as effective as warfarin in treating blocked brain arteries but has a significantly lower risk of major hemorrhage and death. The study, which involved over 500 patients, suggests that aspirin could be a safer alternative to warfarin for those with intracranial stenosis.
A new study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation suggests that low-dose aspirin therapy may be a viable treatment option for pre-eclampsia during pregnancy. The research team created a mouse model that mimics low-dose aspirin therapy and found no significant complications, paving the way for further treatment options.
Researchers developed a new mouse model that mimics the effects of low-dose aspirin therapy, exploring its impact on blood clotting and reproductive functions. The study suggests that low-dose aspirin treatment may prevent preeclampsia without compromising reproductive function.
A new mouse model mimics the effects of low-dose aspirin therapy, reducing platelet aggregation and inhibiting thrombosis. The study suggests that low-dose aspirin treatment may prevent preeclampsia without compromising reproductive function.
A recent study found that aspirin may help prevent colon polyps in individuals with variant forms of the UGT1A6 enzyme. However, for those without this variant, the benefit was not significant. The researchers suggest that persistent aspirin levels could lead to increased bleeding risks.
A new study found that racial and ethnic differences in breast cancer rates can be largely explained by the distribution of risk factors, except in African American women. Among those diagnosed with breast cancer, African American women are more likely to have advanced-stage disease, larger tumors, and estrogen receptor-negative disease.
A study published in Michigan Medicine found that women are less likely to receive quality heart attack care compared to men, despite experiencing the same mortality benefits. However, when given a one-on-one session with doctors or nurses and signing a discharge contract, women's survival rates improved significantly.
A new study found that emergency use of clopidogrel could reduce the risk of death and repeat heart attacks by up to 10%, without increasing serious bleeds. However, early treatment with metoprolol may increase the risk of cardiac shock, and its benefits tend to cancel out those of clopidogrel.
The Women's Health Study found that low-dose aspirin lowered the incidence of a first major cardiovascular event by 9 percent, with a statistically significant difference in stroke prevention. For women aged 65 and older, the risk was reduced by 26 percent, but the benefits must be weighed against the risk of internal bleeding.
In a randomized clinical trial, researchers found that combining three anti-platelet drugs did not increase the risk of bleeding, and treatment adherence was high. The combination of cilostazol, clopidogrel, and aspirin was tested in patients who had undergone successful angioplasty and stent implantation.
A virtual reality game has been found to significantly reduce pain responses in children with severe burns, with all but one child showing a decrease of at least 2 points on the Faces Scale. The game was more effective than analgesics alone in reducing pain and anxiety.