Articles tagged with Drug Studies
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Two UNC School of Medicine faculty authored an editorial discussing the results of two clinical trials using Rituximab to treat small-vessel vasculitis, a rare autoimmune disease. The trials showed that Rituximab was effective in inducing remission compared to other treatments.
A panel of experts recommends translating laboratory findings into medicines that can benefit the aging population, with a focus on regenerative therapies and lifestyle improvements.
Researchers from the John Theurer Cancer Center have made exciting progress in elucidating the mechanisms of bortezomib in mantle cell lymphoma. The study identified biomarkers that can help guide patient selection and speed up the development of targeted cancer drugs.
A second-generation anti-obesity drug has shown promise in reducing body weight in rodents without causing psychiatric side effects. The drug targets peripheral tissues and organs, avoiding significant brain exposure. This finding raises the prospect of reviving CB1 receptor blockade for fighting obesity and related diseases.
A Johns Hopkins review of nearly 150 randomized controlled trials on children found that 40-60% of the studies failed to minimize risk for bias or properly describe those measures. The study urges pediatricians to critically read studies, asking how researchers reached conclusions and whether analysis was unbiased.
New research evaluating nine popular slimming supplements found no evidence that they facilitate weight loss beyond the placebo effect. The studies, led by Dr. Thomas Ellrott and Dr. Igho Onakpoya, tested various supplements against placebo pills in randomized controlled trials.
A York University study discovered that the drug misoprostol interferes with neuronal cell communication by increasing calcium ions, which reduces cell extensions and prevents cells from communicating. This finding may have implications for understanding neurodevelopmental defects associated with autism.
A new study found that patients with hypertension who monitor their blood pressure at home and adjust their medication can experience greater falls in blood pressure. The TASMINH2 trial showed significant reductions in systolic blood pressure after 6 months, with no increase in side effects.
A systematic review by Cochrane Researchers concludes that alpha-1 antitrypsin replacement therapy has no clinically important effect on lung function, may cause modest harm, and is extremely expensive. The treatment should not be recommended due to the lack of evidence and potential adverse effects.
Daily cocoa flavanol consumption more than doubles the number of circulating angiogenic cells in the blood, increasing vessel repair and maintenance functions. High-flavanol cocoa also reduces systolic blood pressure and improves blood vessel function by 47%.
A personalized approach to smoking cessation is developing, combining genetic information and smoking habits to predict effective nicotine replacement therapy. This method could increase cessation success rates by up to 25%.
A study published in The Lancet found that intensive blood glucose control showed microvascular benefits, such as reduced albuminuria and cataract extractions, but no significant reduction in cardiovascular disease. Intensive therapy was also associated with increased weight gain and high risk of severe low blood sugar.
Researchers at Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis are exploring the potential of echinacea in petrochemicals and agriculture. The study aims to understand the plant's metabolic processes, which could lead to the creation of novel bio-derived compounds with diverse applications.
A recent analysis of a large clinical trial found no increased rate of heart attack or death in patients taking rosiglitazone, despite previous concerns. The study compared patients treated with rosiglitazone to those not receiving any thiazolidinedione drug, showing a lower combined rate of death, heart attack, and stroke.
A new meta-analysis of clinical trials finds that rosiglitazone is associated with a significantly increased risk of myocardial infarction, while the risk of cardiovascular death was not elevated. The study suggests an unfavorable benefit-to-risk ratio for the diabetes drug, raising concerns about its safety.
Researchers found that patients treated with early combination disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy had less radiographic damage in small joints, even after 11 years. Early and aggressive treatment achieves excellent results for most patients, especially those who achieve strict remission at 1 year.
A recent study published in Nature Cell Biology suggests that 3D cell culture may provide more accurate information to develop drugs preventing cancer's spread. The research found that cells behave differently in 3D environments compared to traditional 2D lab dishes.
Researchers used a new model to test the effects of gamma secretase inhibitors on Alzheimer's disease. The study found that these drugs do not cause a surge in amyloid beta levels when treatment is interrupted, contradicting previous animal studies.
Physicians play a stronger role in asthma patient adherence by monitoring medication use and reviewing electronic prescription information. However, few doctors access detailed adherence data, highlighting the need for effective ways to encourage patients to stay with their prescription regimens.
A new trial shows that Tranexamic acid (TXA) can reduce the risk of death in bleeding trauma patients by 10%, with potential to save up to 100,000 lives per year globally. TXA is a cheap and widely available drug that works by inhibiting clot breakdown, and its inclusion on the WHO list of essential medicines is proposed.
A phase I clinical trial of the combination of decitabine and carboplatin has shown promising results in treating late-stage ovarian cancer, with four patients experiencing no disease progression after six months. The treatment regimen has been found to be well-tolerated, with mild adverse reactions.
Researchers found that an online self-management tool significantly improved asthma symptoms in those with partly controlled or uncontrolled asthma. The system, which allows patients to measure lung function and receive personalized advice, led to a 80% participation rate in the first three months.
A new study led by Dr. Zena Quezado found that propofol has a low occurrence of adverse events and no long-term complications when used to sedate children for imaging studies. However, the risk increases with anesthesia duration and in children with systemic disease or airway abnormalities.
Two new CML treatments, nilotinib and dasatinib, demonstrate improved efficacy over existing medications in treating drug-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia. Clinical trials showed significant increases in complete cytogenetic response and major molecular response rates compared to standard treatment.
A clinical trial evaluating a new approach to reduce recurrent strokes in children with sickle cell anemia and iron overload was stopped early. The trial compared hydroxyurea with transfusions, finding no significant benefits for reducing stroke risk.
Researchers from John Theurer Cancer Center present studies on first-line treatments for aggressive lymphoma, the efficacy of genetically engineered cancer therapy, and the value of a commonly used tool for staging lymphoma. Findings include a high complete remission rate with rituximab-FND combination therapy and better survival rates...
A study on frequent users in inner-city emergency departments found that social factors such as transportation, insurance, and healthcare costs were associated with a higher number of visits. Researchers also discovered an 83% increase in visits by frequent users over a 10-year period despite stable insurance coverage.
A major study found that patients with Parkinson's disease respond similarly to deep brain stimulation (DBS) at two different brain targets, challenging current beliefs. Motor symptoms such as tremor and stiffness improved equally in both groups.
Fatal medication errors peak in July among new medical residents, especially in counties with teaching hospitals. Increased supervision and education on medication safety may reduce these errors.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have made significant progress in treating metastatic breast cancer, using a targeted immunotherapy approach that boosts the effectiveness of a therapeutic vaccine. The treatment has shown rapid and marked loss of Tregs without toxicity, resulting in stabilization of dise...
New studies link SSRI antidepressants to increased cataract risk, with a 15% higher risk for seniors taking the medication. Amantadine, a Parkinson's treatment, also causes corneal damage, particularly after long-term use, potentially leading to vision impairment.
PSD502 demonstrates significant time to ejaculation and ejaculatory control improvements, with a 5.5-fold increase in IELT, compared to placebo. Men treated with PSD502 experience reduced premature ejaculation symptoms and increased satisfaction.
A recent clinical trial has found that azithromycin pills are as effective as penicillin injections in curing early-stage syphilis. The study, led by Edward W. Hook III, involved 517 HIV-negative volunteers and showed a cure rate of 77.6% for azithromycin recipients.
Researchers used techniques similar to pharmaceutical sales reps to educate doctors on treatment guidelines, resulting in a 8.6% increase in recommended diuretic prescriptions in counties with high academic detailing activity.
A pilot study found increased tendon ruptures in women taking statins, prompting a larger study to confirm the findings. The MSU team will analyze over 100,000 participants to assess the effects of statin dose, duration, and type on tendon rupture risk.
A phase III clinical trial found no significant difference in overall survival between AE-941 and placebo arms for patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The study suggests that shark cartilage-derived products do not support the treatment of lung cancer.
A study published in Trials highlights the widespread issue of publication bias, where favourable results are selectively published, leading to delays in implementing effective treatments. This can result in patients being prescribed futile or harmful treatments, as was the case with a drug used to prevent irregular heartbeats.
A new study reveals that high levels of 'good' HDL cholesterol may not be beneficial for all patients and can even increase the risk of recurrent coronary events. Researchers identified a subgroup of patients with elevated HDL cholesterol and CRP who are at high risk, suggesting that genetics and environmental factors influence the pro...
Research published in PLOS Medicine found that the Mediterranean G6PD variant protects against Plasmodium vivax infection in Afghan refugees. The study suggests that G6PD deficiency may be retained in human populations due to its protective effects against Plasmodium vivax malaria.
A study found that academic detailing increased prescribing of thiazide-type diuretics in counties with higher activity levels. The intervention led to a small increase in medication dispensing, but other factors may have blunted its impact.
A pharmacist-led home blood pressure monitoring program supported by the American Heart Association's Heart 360 website improved blood pressure control for patients with uncontrolled hypertension. The program, which used online tools and clinical pharmacy specialists to adjust medications based on proven protocols, resulted in a signif...
Researchers found zebrafish possess an enzyme linked to cortisol, which may aid in understanding its function in the human brain. The discovery could provide new avenues for investigating diseases related to cortisol imbalance.
SNS-032 demonstrated safety and clinical activity in treating advanced B-cell malignancies such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and multiple myeloma. The drug inhibited cyclin-dependent kinases and caused apoptosis in cancer cells, showing potential anti-tumor effects.
A recent study found that older adults who sometimes neglected their medications experienced a 50 percent increased rate of falls compared to those who took their medications as directed. The study, which analyzed data from over 700 seniors in Boston, highlights the importance of medication adherence for preventing falls.
A flexible treatment intervention that combines cognitive behavior therapy, medication, and computer-assisted support significantly improved anxiety symptoms and functional disability in patients with common anxiety disorders. The study found a 63.66% response rate and 51.49% remission rate compared to usual care.
A UAB study found an association between hearing loss and the use of Viagra, with users twice as likely to report hearing loss. The findings suggest a potential link between PDE-5i medications and long-term hearing loss, warranting FDA warnings.
A large U.S. trial found that two common mid-urethral sling procedures are similar in their chance of cure, but each has distinct risks. Women who underwent transobturator or retropubic surgery achieved equivalent levels of treatment success, with 78-81 percent experiencing dryness.
A study by IMDEA and the University of Almeria found 88 pollutants in river waters in Madrid, with most being eliminated at wastewater treatment plants. The researchers used advanced analysis techniques to detect low concentrations of priority and emerging pollutants, including pharmaceuticals and personal care products.
A multisite study found comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics (CBIT) significantly reduced chronic tics and tic-related problems in children. CBIT was compared to supportive counseling and education, showing similar improvement rates as anti-tic medication studies without side effects.
A randomized trial found that combining behavioral counseling with varenicline (Chantix) increases smoking cessation success. The study shows web- and phone-based counseling to be effective tools when combined with Chantix, improving early cessation rates and medication adherence.
Boehringer Ingelheim announces new data on flibanserin in pre-menopausal women with Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD), showing significant improvements in sexual desire and overall functioning. The study found that 48.3% of women receiving flibanserin reported feeling very much improved, compared to 30.3% on placebo.
A Johns Hopkins study found that nearly 40% of children with infantile spasms became seizure-free after being on the high-fat ketogenic diet for at least six months. The diet, which is rich in fat and low in carbohydrates, works by triggering biochemical changes that eliminate seizure-causing short circuits in the brain.
A new international trial is testing a 1-a-day combined 'polypill' to reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes. The Red Heart Pill contains low-dose aspirin, statins, and blood pressure-lowering medicines, potentially saving millions of lives across the world by making cardiovascular drugs more accessible to low-income countries.
A study found that statin therapy can lower the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Statins are believed to decrease VTE risk by reducing inflammation.
A study found that sirolimus halts cyst growth and increases healthy kidney structures in ADPKD patients. The treatment may provide a promising long-term option for patients with the genetic kidney disease.
Research found that patients who discontinued OAB medication were more bothered by symptoms and had a medical diagnosis for conditions like incontinence. Smoking and certain health issues also increased the likelihood of stopping medication.
A novel behavior treatment for IBS significantly relieved symptoms in nearly 1/3 patients within four weeks. Rapid responders maintained improvement at three months despite increased symptoms when starting the treatment.
A new study found that caffeine can help shift workers make fewer mistakes and improve their performance in tasks such as driving and neuropsychological tests. The researchers reviewed data from 13 trials studying the effects of caffeine on shift work and found a significant reduction in errors made by participants.
A new study by Brigham Young University finds that telephone therapy for depression is nearly as effective as face-to-face consultations. At a six-month follow-up, 42% of participants had recovered from depression, compared to 50% in similar in-person therapy.
A pooled analysis of 25 trials found that consuming an average of 67 grams of nuts per day resulted in a 5.1% reduction in total cholesterol, 7.4% decrease in LDL-cholesterol, and 8.3% change in HDL-cholesterol levels.