Articles tagged with Drug Studies
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A new general anesthetic called MOC-etomidate has been developed that maintains blood pressure stability while avoiding prolonged adrenal gland suppression. Animal studies verify its effectiveness in inducing anesthesia without adverse effects on blood pressure or adrenal activity.
A new study has developed a combination of biochemical and MRI-based biomarkers that will improve the measurement of osteoarthritis progression. The aggregate cartilage longevity marker outperformed individual markers in diagnosis and prognosis, allowing for more effective treatment trials.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) will conduct a series of clinical trials to test two candidate H1N1 flu vaccines. The trials will evaluate the safety and ability to induce protective immune responses in healthy adults and elderly individuals.
Researchers analyzed over 1,800 urine samples and identified individual patients with an accuracy of over 99 percent using metabolic profiling. The study provides evidence that the metabolic fingerprint remains stable over time, paving the way for personalized medical care.
Researchers at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem discovered a promising approach to treat Alzheimer's disease in individuals with a mutated gene that accelerates disease progression. They found that the mutated enzyme protein damages its protective tail, leading to increased risk and rapid disease progression.
A large analysis of six studies found that consistent condom use reduced the risk of acquiring herpes simplex virus 2 by 30%. The risk of infection decreased with increased condom use during anal or vaginal sex, and there were no significant differences in protection between men and women.
Pregnant women are underrepresented in clinical research, but experts say including them in the National Children's Study could yield crucial information for women's health. The study aims to follow children from conception through adulthood, but ethicists recommend adding a few key questions on medication usage to gather valuable data.
Researchers identified gaps in medication and opioid dependence documentation among MMT patients, leading to potential medication interactions and adverse events. Incomplete documentation occurs in up to 30% of cases, highlighting opportunities for improved communication and care coordination to enhance patient safety.
A study published in Pediatrics found that cardiac medication errors occur more frequently in infants under the age of 1, with 96% of errors being benign. The researchers highlight the need for computerized drug orders with built-in double- and triple-checking mechanisms to reduce dosing errors.
A meta-analysis of 13 studies found a consistent inverse association between adiponectin levels and type 2 diabetes risk across various ethnic groups. Higher adiponectin levels were associated with a lower risk of developing the condition.
A systematic review by Cochrane Researchers found that rubefacients, commonly used for muscle pain, are ineffective for chronic and acute pain due to skin irritation. The study analyzed data from 16 trials involving over 1,200 people, concluding that larger, higher-quality trials are needed to establish their effectiveness.
A study published in BMC's open access journal Trials found that 93% of RCTs published in Chinese medical journals between 1994 and 2005 were flawed, casting doubt on their reliability. Researchers investigated clinical trials on 20 common diseases and found that only 7% met recognized standards for authentic randomization.
A randomised controlled trial shows ketamine is a safe alternative to etomidate for intubating critically ill patients, reducing adrenal insufficiency risk. The study's results suggest pharmacological knowledge may be crucial for successful emergency intubation.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center found that two simple clinical measurements failed to identify TB patients who could benefit from a shorter treatment course. The study involved over 1,000 TB patients in Africa, Brazil, and Asia, but ultimately showed that these measures w...
A randomized trial of 200 patients found that midline and transverse incisions had the same healing process and post-surgical pain perception. However, wound infections were more frequent for transverse incisions, possibly due to circulatory problems.
Vibrator use is prevalent among adult Americans, reported by 53% of women and 45% of men, associated with positive sexual function and proactive sexual health care. The studies also found no significant differences in vibrator use between heterosexual and gay/bisexual men.
A study found that babies born from frozen embryos fertilized via ICSI or standard IVF treatment have similar outcomes, including Apgar scores and birth weights. However, there was a slightly higher rate of malformations in medicated cycles.
Researchers at UC Davis found that brain functions critical to recovery improve after a year of methamphetamine abstinence. Cognitive processes such as impulse control and attentional focus show significant improvement with extended periods of abstinence.
A new study found that inhaled growth hormone is well-tolerated by children with growth hormone deficiency and can safely deliver the medication to their bloodstream over a one-week period. The inhaler was preferred over traditional injections, which can be painful and difficult to administer.
The American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society have released standardized definitions and measurement recommendations for assessing asthma control, severity, and exacerbations. The guidelines provide a framework for clinicians to diagnose and manage asthma, with a focus on improving patient outcomes.
A study by Michigan Medicine researchers found that two types of antibiotics can cause moderate to wide-ranging changes in the ranks of helpful guardians in the gut. The armada of good bacteria did not recover its former diversity even many weeks after a course of antibiotics was over.
A recent study published in the Journal of Religion examines medical studies on intercessory prayer, finding that scientists' personal beliefs influenced the outcomes. The research highlights the evolution of American religious demographics and the development of clinical trials.
The study found that oral rivaroxaban reduced the risk of death, heart attack, or stroke by 21% compared to placebo, with a lower risk of clinically significant bleeding. The medication inhibits factor Xa and has been shown effective in preventing venous thromboembolism.
A series of studies published in the Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs found that college prevention programs can effectively reduce heavy episodic drinking and other alcohol-related problems. The programs included counseling for individual students, neighborhood-based initiatives, and community engagement efforts.
Research waste occurs due to poor design, inadequate reporting, and biased publication practices. The Lancet authors recommend improving research quality by increasing clinician-patient involvement, using systematic reviews, and supporting open access.
Mayo Clinic is leading a six-year study to determine whether catheter ablation is more effective than drug therapy for treating atrial fibrillation. The trial will randomize patients over three years, examining effectiveness and safety of left atrial catheter ablation versus current state-of-the-art drug therapy.
A new study found that 61.8% of AS patients showed substantial clinical benefit after 5 years on IFX therapy, including reduced arthritis and enthesitis. Patients who completed the trial demonstrated low disease activity, good functional status, and favorable spinal mobility.
Researchers found that BPA exposure during pregnancy leads to a permanent change in the DNA of offspring, affecting uterine development and fertility. The study's findings suggest that pregnant women should avoid BPA exposure to minimize potential harm to their unborn children.
A study found that 50-60% of patients with chronic insomnia experienced improvement after cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-I), with significant reductions in sleep disturbances. CBT-I was effective even when anxiety and depression were present, suggesting its potential as a treatment for complex cases.
A Brown University professor has won a federal research grant to investigate the effectiveness of topiramate in reducing marijuana addiction among high-school students. The two-year study aims to enroll 60 adolescent males and females and assess the drug's tolerability and efficacy.
Women with MS who breastfeed exclusively for at least two months have a lower risk of relapse within a year after birth. Prolonged lactational amenorrhea is associated with a decreased risk of relapse in women with MS.
A study found that rosiglitazone, used in combination with standard diabetes treatments, does not increase cardiovascular disease or death risk but doubles the risk of heart failure and fractures, mainly in women. The study included 4447 patients with type 2 diabetes.
A phase 2 trial of TMC207 for MDR-TB found a significant increase in sputum culture negativity and reduced time to conversion compared to the background regimen. The results validate ATP synthase as a potential treatment target.
Researchers presented two groundbreaking studies at DDW 2009: a text messaging system improved medication adherence in pediatric liver transplant recipients, reducing organ rejection and costs. A new non-invasive breath test accurately predicts long-term prognosis for patients with chronic liver disease.
A clinical review found that commonly prescribed medications for allergies, hypertension, asthma, and cardiovascular disease can cause immediate but possibly reversible cognitive impairment in older adults. Anticholinergic effects of these drugs are often unrecognized by prescribers.
A multi-center study found that antidepressant citalopram had no significant effect on reducing repetitive behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder. The study included 149 children aged five to 17 and tested the treatment over a 12-week period.
ChemGenex's omacetaxine shows durable hematological and cytogenetic responses in patients with highly resistant CML. The Phase 2/3 study demonstrated a complete hematologic response rate of 85% in chronic phase patients, suggesting a promising treatment option for this difficult-to-treat population.
A clinical trial has shown that losartan, a blood-pressure medicine, can shrink liver scarring and allow the organ to repair itself in some patients with early-stage liver failure. The drug works by blocking a signalling pathway that causes scar tissue to accumulate, allowing the damaged area of the liver to be repaired.
Studies found promising results for new treatments, including an inotropic drug and vasodilator relaxin, which improved symptoms and outcomes in patients with stable heart failure. Additional research is needed to assess safety and effectiveness of these treatments.
A new study found that combining erlotinib and bevacizumab delays disease progression in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients by 29% compared to those receiving bevacizumab alone. The combination also prolongs median progression-free survival from 3.7 months to 4.8 months.
A new study published in Clinical Nursing Research found that marijuana use is common among HIV/AIDS patients in the US to alleviate symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and nausea. The study suggests that therapeutic marijuana use merits further consideration among policy makers, despite potential risks associated with its use.
A new Stanford University School of Medicine study found that administering a potent clot-busting medication can benefit patients up to 4.5 hours after they experience their first symptom, improving outcomes without negatively affecting mortality.
A new study found that more than half of US pharmacies in states with large Latino populations cannot translate prescription labels into Spanish. This lack of translation increases the risk of patients taking medications incorrectly, which can lead to serious health problems or even death.
In a phase I/II trial, combining trastuzumab and neratinib induced clinically meaningful responses in women with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer who had progressed on previous trastuzumab-based therapies. Nine out of 33 patients (27%) achieved an objective response to the combination therapy.
A recent study published in Sexually Transmitted Diseases found that Spanish prostitutes are least likely to use condoms with their clients. The study, which surveyed 400 female sex workers, revealed that 95.5% of sex workers use condoms during vaginal sex with clients, but only 12.4% do so with their regular partners.
A landmark study published in NEJM found that paclitaxel-eluting stents significantly reduce target lesion revascularization and binary angiographic restenosis rates compared to bare-metal stents. The study showed a lower rate of ischemia-driven target-lesion revascularization at 12 months with the use of paclitaxel-eluting stents.
A study found that hospital-acquired pneumonia is associated with a 30% increased odds of receiving acid-suppressive medications. The study analyzed data from 63,878 hospital admissions and found that proton-pump inhibitors were more strongly linked to the risk.
Researchers found that a diabetes drug, pioglitazone, significantly reduced gray matter loss in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. The treatment showed no adverse reactions and was well-tolerated.
A meta-analysis of 22 randomized controlled trials found that web- and computer-based smoking cessation programs increased abstinence rates by 1.5 times compared to control groups. After six to 10 months, intervention groups had an 11.7% quit rate, while control groups had a 7% rate.
A meta-analysis of five trials found that more intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes significantly reduces coronary events, including non-fatal heart attacks and coronary heart disease events. However, it has no significant effect on stroke rates or all-cause mortality.
Coadministration of Prilosec OTC 40 mg did not alter maximum plasma concentration or area under curve for active medication in both VYVANSE and ADDERALL XR. The study also found a significant reduction in time to reach maximum plasma concentrations of amphetamine with coadministration of Prilosec OTC 40 mg.
A study found that combining aspirin and dipyridamole significantly reduced blockages and extended the life of hemodialysis artery-vein access grafts. The treatment decreased graft loss by 18% and stenosis development by 28%.
A study by HealthCore found that MS patients managed by a specialty pharmacy program were more compliant with their medications, resulting in a higher medication possession ratio of 86 percent. This led to a lower risk of hospitalization for the disease and reduced medical costs.
A combination of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and zolpidem improved sleep for patients with persistent insomnia, but CBT alone was more beneficial for longer treatment periods. The study found that combining therapies resulted in higher remission rates compared to extended zolpidem use.
A randomized study found that RISPERDAL CONSTA significantly delayed time to relapse compared to placebo in patients with Bipolar I Disorder. The median duration of treatment was nine months for the RISPERDAL CONSTA group, which had a lower rate of relapse during the double-blind phase.
A study found that tamsulosin exposure is associated with an increased risk of serious postoperative ophthalmic adverse events, including retinal detachment and lost lens. Patients prescribed tamsulosin before cataract surgery had a 2.3 times higher risk of complications compared to those not taking the medication.
New studies demonstrate RISPERDAL CONSTA (risperidone) Long-Acting Treatment significantly improves clinical and functional outcomes for patients with schizophrenia. The treatment reduced rates of rehospitalization among patients, especially those with complex medical histories.
A pooled analysis of two studies found significant improvements in pulmonary function, dyspnea, and rescue medication use when Perforomist Inhalation Solution was added to maintenance tiotropium. Patient satisfaction also increased with twice-daily Perforomist Inhalation Solution compared to ipratropium/albuterol metered-dose inhaler.
RISPERDAL CONSTA has been approved as both monotherapy and adjunctive therapy in the maintenance treatment of Bipolar I Disorder. The medication offers a convenient and effective choice to delay relapse, with studies demonstrating significant delays in mood episode recurrence.
A new treatment using heat therapy on lung airways reduces severe asthma attacks, ER visits and quality of life improvements. The Alair Bronchial Thermoplasty System shows promise for patients with uncontrolled asthma despite high medication dosages.