Articles tagged with Drug Studies
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A team of researchers from Stevens Institute of Technology and Merck has discovered the biosynthetic pathway for a novel antibiotic called platensimycin. The study reveals that platensimycin is produced by the Streptomyces platensis bacterium through a unique biochemical process.
A recent clinical trial has shown that tesamorelin can decrease deep abdominal fat by 15% and improve blood lipid levels in patients with HIV/HAART-associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome. The treatment has minimal side effects, offering a therapeutic breakthrough for many patients.
A study found no significant differences in rates of ischemia, death, and other events among patients treated with three anticoagulant regimens. The results suggest that bivalirudin monotherapy or a selective GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor strategy may be safe alternatives to traditional heparin-based regimens.
A new study presented at AARC found that ramelteon did not exacerbate respiratory depressant effects in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The study showed significant increases in total sleep time and sleep efficiency with ramelteon compared to placebo.
Prelox, a patented blend of Pycnogenol and L-Arginine, shows significant improvement in men with ED after just one day, increasing nitric oxide production for enhanced blood flow. The study achieved almost 100% increase in orgasmic function, sexual desire, and overall satisfaction.
A new study is expanding to include patients with severe strokes who cannot give informed consent, aiming to determine if early administration of magnesium sulfate improves patient outcomes. The trial has already enrolled over 250 patients and aims to answer a crucial question about the best approach to stroke treatment.
Researchers developed a definition of therapeutic misconception to improve participant understanding and informed consent. The concept affects trial participants' knowledge of the scientific purpose of clinical trials and potential risks/benefits.
A comprehensive review by CAMH researchers highlights the importance of family doctors advising patients to quit smoking, doubling quit rates. The article also provides guidance on pharmacotherapy options and non-pharmacologic methods for quitting.
Researchers examined the effectiveness of cholinesterase inhibitors in delaying the onset of Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia. The study found no significant reduction in the rate of progression from mild cognitive impairment to dementia, suggesting that these drugs may not be beneficial for patients with MCI.
The study found that lenalidomide-dexamethasone combination therapy slows multiple myeloma disease progression and improves overall survival for patients. The treatment resulted in a median time to disease progression of 11.1 months compared to 4.7 months in the placebo group.
Kalirin-7, a critical brain protein, is linked to learning and memory. It enhances synaptic spines in the brain, leading to better communication between neurons.
A new method of administering antiemetic granisetron, subcutaneously, achieves similar blood concentrations as intravenous administration, making it a potential alternative for non-hospitalized patients. The study supports the use of subcutaneous granisetron for treating chemotherapy-induced vomiting.
Geisinger's rheumatology department redesigned osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis care by simplifying the ordering process for bone density scans. As a result, 88% of patients received the scan, compared to 18% previously, with quadrupling the number of patients who underwent testing.
The STEP study, sponsored by Merck & Co., Inc. and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, has discontinued vaccinations due to lack of efficacy. Volunteers will now be informed about receiving either the vaccine or placebo and continue to participate in ongoing risk reduction counseling and study-related tests.
Researchers have identified histone deacetylase HDAC9 as a potential target for treating premature atherosclerosis in lupus patients. They also found that elevated microRNA-16 levels contribute to abnormal cell death in lupus patients, and reducing these levels may lead to targeted treatments.
The TOWARD study confirms Actemra plus DMARDs significantly improves RA symptoms and clinical remission rates compared to traditional DMARDs alone. Additionally, Actemra shows rapid normalisation of inflammation markers and improved quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
A study of 454 patients with chronic-phase CML taking imatinib for over six years found a high estimated six-year survival rate of 76 percent and strong correlation between overall survival rates and cytogenetic response. The incidence of serious side effects was low, with no long-term new toxicities observed.
A recent study published in JAMA found that medication tezosentan did not improve breathlessness or reduce the risk of fatal cardiovascular events in patients with acute heart failure. The study included 1,435 patients and showed similar mortality rates between the treatment group and placebo.
A new clinical trial in Uganda has found that a combination of nifurtimox and eflornithine is effective in treating African sleeping sickness without treatment failure or deaths. The novel treatment approach holds promise for stage 2 HAT patients, and further evaluation with larger trials is ongoing.
NIAID has awarded eight contracts to strengthen and expand its VTEUs, which will carry out more clinical trials in larger populations and safely test vaccines in specific vulnerable populations. The units will have inpatient beds for isolating volunteers, making it easier to conduct trials quickly.
A new study found an association between statin use and reduced cognitive decline in elderly African Americans, with the strongest effect seen in those who discontinued use. The research suggests that the relationship between statins and cognitive decline is more complex than previously thought.
A simplified step-care protocol for treating high blood pressure was more effective than guidelines-based practice in helping people reduce their blood pressure. The Simplified Treatment Intervention to Control Hypertension (STITCH) trial found that 65% of patients reached the target blood pressure level with STITCH-care, compared to 5...
The Phase 2b trial shows that Albuferon significantly reduces missed work days and improves health-related quality of life compared to peginterferon alfa-2a. Patients in the Albuferon treatment groups reported fewer days of missed work and less impairment of physical and mental health.
A clinical trial of 312 adolescents found that bupropion plus counseling helped them quit smoking, with higher success rates at higher medication doses. After six weeks, 10.7% and 14.5% of teens in the 150mg and 300mg groups had quit, respectively.
Marc Alan Pfeffer identified destructive structural changes in the diseased heart and led clinical trials showing ACE inhibitors can slow or reverse these changes. His work expanded knowledge of hypertension and heart attacks' impact on cardiac muscle tissue, paving the way for effective treatment approaches.
A small, implantable device supporting the heart works equally well for men and women, benefiting twice as many women awaiting transplants. The device helps patients with severe congestive heart failure, enabling them to leave hospitals and return to active life.
New studies published in JGIM examine the consequences of language barriers for patients with limited English proficiency, finding measurable disparities in quality of care. Hospitals are often unable to obtain full informed consent from patients due to lack of professional interpreter services, while Hispanic patients are less likely ...
A new study suggests that drug-eluting stents are not cost-effective for low-risk patients due to higher costs and lower quality-adjusted life years. However, the treatment is found to be beneficial in high-risk patients with small vessel or bypass-graft stenting.
A randomized phase III trial found that minocycline accelerates the deterioration of ALS patients, contradicting previous positive results in animal models. The study suggests reassessing trials of minocycline in other neurological conditions.
Researchers found that valsartan, an antihypertensive medication, reduces the accumulation of beta-amyloid protein in mouse brains, a key feature of Alzheimer's. The study suggests that treating high blood pressure with certain medications may help prevent or slow the progression of AD.
JDRF is partnering with Osiris Therapeutics to support a Phase II clinical trial using Prochymal, an immunomodulatory cell therapy product, to preserve and regenerate insulin-producing cells in patients newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The proposed research presents a novel approach for developing a immunomodulatory cellular therapy.
The HORIZONS AMI trial demonstrated the superiority of bivalirudin over standard drug therapy in reducing net adverse clinical events by 24% and major bleeding by 40% in heart attack patients at 30 days. The study showed significant reductions in cardiac deaths, with a 27% decrease compared to standard therapy.
The Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute has made significant advancements in understanding and combating malaria, with new discoveries including a potential transmission-blocking vaccine and improved treatments. The institute's research has the potential to save millions of lives worldwide.
Two clinical trials demonstrated that Perforomist Inhalation Solution is a safe and effective treatment for moderate-to-severe COPD. The studies found no significant increases in cardiovascular events or adverse effects, making it a welcome addition to the physician's arsenal.
Concomitant use of nebulized formoterol fumarate and tiotropium shows improved bronchodilation in COPD patients, with fewer adverse events. The study demonstrated significant improvements in lung function and clinical outcomes for COPD patients with moderate to severe disease manifestations.
Detailed statistics show that 82% of parents accurately evaluated cigarette smoking, 86% accurately reported alcohol use, and 86% accurately reported marijuana use. However, only 72% accurately reported illicit drug use. Parents can use this knowledge to help themselves cope with teenage substance use.
Researchers present studies on novel insulin-like growth factor receptor enzyme inhibitors and approved drugs in new applications, showing promising results in solid tumors and metastatic renal cancer. Early evidence suggests antitumor activity and potential benefits for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic ki...
The SPIRIT III trial found that the Xience V everolimus-eluting coronary stent significantly reduced major adverse cardiac events, including heart attacks and deaths from cardiac causes, by 50% after 12 months compared to the Taxus paclitaxel-eluting stent. This reduction in events is an important finding for patients with heart disease.
Research found that studies funded by pharmaceutical companies were less likely to report adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroids, suggesting a potential conflict of interest. The study analyzed 504 studies and found significant differences in outcomes based on funding source.
A recent study found that trials with predominantly male participants showed significant risk reduction in non-fatal heart attacks when taking aspirin. In contrast, trials with mostly female participants failed to demonstrate a similar benefit. The researchers highlight the importance of considering gender when prescribing aspirin for ...
Patients with severe psychiatric illness lose 25-30 years of life expectancy due to increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. Lifestyle interventions like healthy eating and exercise can be challenging for this population.
Researchers developed a new near-infrared contrast agent that selectively marks hydroxyapatite crystals, allowing for the detection of malignant tissue. The swine trials demonstrated the effectiveness of real-time NIR fluorescence images in image-guided surgery.
A new systematic review of trials comparing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) found that survival to 10 years was similar between the two procedures. CABG was more effective in relieving angina, but had a higher risk for procedural stroke, while PCI led to more repeated revasculari...
Depression is associated with an increased risk of mortality and adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including heart attacks and strokes. Antidepressant treatments have been shown to be safe and effective in reducing mortality and improving health behaviors in patients with coronary artery disease.
The HORIZONS AMI trial enrolled over 3600 patients with a heart attack, examining the safety and effectiveness of stents and anticoagulants in heart attack patients undergoing angioplasty. The study aims to determine whether using bivalirudin provides the same benefit as standard anticoagulant therapy without causing excess bleeding.
Post-hoc analyses of secondary endpoints from the long-term LIALDA trial show that the medication is effective in maintaining remission in various patient groups, including those with mild and moderate ulcerative colitis. The data also suggest that LIALDA can induce initial symptom resolution within weeks.
The Regenstrief Institute will participate in a trial implementation of the Nationwide Health Information Network, testing secure health information exchange among providers, patients, and stakeholders. The project aims to improve quality of care, increase efficiencies, and prevent diseases.
A Northwestern University study found nearly 50% of patients taking antihypertensive drugs can't accurately name a single medication, highlighting the need for improved medication reconciliation. Patients with low health literacy were more likely to be prescribed multiple medications and have higher blood pressure.
The project aims to reveal how some viral infections become resistant to antiviral medications. Researchers will test the interactions between FIV, a cat virus, and an AIDS drug called AZT in the presence of methamphetamine.
Researchers at the University of Virginia Health System have led a clinical trial showing that topiramate significantly reduces heavy drinking days in individuals with alcohol dependence. The study found topiramate to be safe and highly efficacious when paired with a brief intervention by non-specialists.
A study found that topiramate significantly reduced percentage of heavy drinking days and increased days of continuous nonheavy drinking compared to placebo. The medication also showed greater reduction in heavy drinking days from baseline to week 14.
A literature review published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings finds that many patients with chronic heart failure can engage in sexual activity with proper screening and treatment. The authors analyzed studies on the impact of sexual activity on heart rate and blood pressure, showing moderate oxygen consumption levels comparable to normal d...
MedImmune presents Phase 2 safety data for its anti-RSV antibody, motavizumab, in young children with a history of prematurity. The company also releases national RSV surveillance results showing regional variability of the virus in the southern United States.
A UAB research team will lead the NF Consortium, a nine-institution group studying neurofibromatosis type 1. The $5.7M grant will focus on clinical trials testing new treatments for adults and children with NF.
A meta-analysis of seven clinical trials found that rosiglitazone and pioglitazone increased the risk of congestive heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes. However, these drugs did not increase the risk of cardiovascular death. The authors recommend caution when prescribing TZDs to patients with cardiovascular di...
Researchers at the NIH conference present advances in male contraception, including a non-hormonal pill and a testosterone-like treatment. These developments aim to provide men with more control over their fertility, offering an alternative to existing methods like condoms and vasectomy.
The Clinical Trials Directive has led to a stagnation in clinical trials across Europe, with non-commercial sponsors contributing less than one-fifth of newly started trials. The directive's administrative burdens and cost have also discouraged many commercial and non-commercial organizations from participating.
Most diabetes drug trials prioritize reducing blood sugar levels over patient-relevant outcomes like complication risk and quality of life. This can lead to ineffective treatments that cause more harm than good.
A new communication tool, VMS, improves the effectiveness of medication instructions and reduces complications among patients taking warfarin. The study found that VMS worked especially well among Spanish-speaking patients, correcting misunderstandings within 28 days.
A recent study by researchers at the University of Chicago found that many diabetics experience a significant burden from managing their condition, which can be as impactful on quality of life as the disease itself. Patients reported being distressed by end-stage complications and disliked intensive treatments.