Articles tagged with Drug Studies
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Researchers have found that Isradipine slows the destruction of dopamine-producing neurons in a mouse model, potentially preventing Parkinson's disease or slowing its progression. The study aims to develop clinical trials in humans to test the drug's efficacy.
Two studies suggest that periodontal diseases are a threat to women of all ages. Women taking oral contraceptive pills are more likely to experience gingival bleeding and deeper periodontal pockets. Periodontal bacteria are also linked to bone loss in postmenopausal women, highlighting the importance of good oral health throughout life.
Three new drugs for rheumatoid arthritis have been approved, offering improved treatment options with reduced side effects and increased effectiveness. Rituximab, abatacept, and tocilizumab target different pathways to reduce inflammation and symptoms.
A new University of Michigan study shows that pill-splitting, slicing high-dose pills in half, can save Americans thousands of dollars on prescription drugs. Most participants said they would continue splitting pills if given a 50%-co-pay reduction, but some reported no issues with the practice.
A Yale University study found that limiting medical residents to 80-hour workweeks improved patient care by reducing transfers to intensive care and minimizing medication errors. More patients were discharged home or to rehabilitation centers instead of nursing homes.
A study published in the Journal of Attention Disorders found that treatment rates for ADHD have increased rapidly across all age groups, with females showing the greatest increase. Improved diagnosis and changes in medication types contributed to this growth.
Recent research confirms statins are well-tolerated and effective in reducing cardiovascular disease risk. The review highlights their impact on LDL cholesterol levels and safety profile, including rare but potential muscle-related side effects.
A study of nearly 200 statin-drug comparisons found that funding source greatly impacts results, with industry-funded trials more likely to favor the test drug. The analysis also revealed a lack of clinical measures of outcome, such as heart attacks or mortality, in many trials.
Axitinib produced tumor regression or stable disease in almost 75% of patients with advanced thyroid cancer, according to a phase-2 trial. The study also found that axitinib prevented tumor growth and had a favorable side effect profile.
Researchers found a new treatment combination that induced complete remission in 33% of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. The therapy, using Bortezomid and Dexamethasone, showed high efficacy and tolerability, setting the stage for further clinical trials to reduce previous medication cycles.
Research on statin effectiveness found to be influenced by funding source, with results favoring sponsored products. Additionally, a study on breast cancer cell survival discovered that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) acts as an internal autocrine survival factor through its receptor VEGFR1.
A small group of Rochester breast cancer survivors experienced major improvements in memory, concentration and learning after taking modafinil for eight weeks. The study suggests the drug could provide relief to those suffering from 'chemo-brain', a persistent side effect of chemotherapy.
Researchers found vorinostat's anti-cancer activity in patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme, with a 15% patient success rate and improved median overall survival. The study aimed to explore the novel application of vorinostat in targeting brain cancer.
A study reveals that genetic differences in Japanese and US patients with non-small cell lung cancer affect how well they respond to chemotherapy drugs like paclitaxel and carboplatin. The research found that specific gene variations, such as CYP3A4 and ERCC2, influence treatment outcomes.
Two Lilly studies analyzed data from African-American and Hispanic patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), suggesting race may not significantly impact treatment efficacy. The studies provided insight into the safety profiles of ALIMTA and GEMZAR in diverse populations, paving the way for further research.
A recent study found that a key inflammatory regulator in the brain acts as a protector against Alzheimer's disease, helping to remove toxic clumps called plaques. The research used genetically engineered mice with pinpoint control over inflammation levels, revealing that higher IL-1beta activity actually reduced plaque buildup.
Research shows that treating subclinical hypothyroidism with thyroid hormone improves symptoms, cholesterol levels, and reduces heart disease risk. Patients experience increased energy, weight loss, and improved quality of life.
A Mayo Clinic research team has developed a simple tool to enhance medication adherence in diabetes patients, with 84% of users showing improved compliance. The decision aid sparks conversation between doctors and patients about medication risks and benefits, leading to better-informed decisions.
A new study published at the American Thoracic Society Meeting found that bronchial thermoplasty improved pulmonary function, asthma control, and quality of life in severe asthma patients. After one year, 50% of patients were able to completely wean off oral corticosteroids, with significant improvements in medication use.
Daytrana demonstrated significant improvements in symptom control, tolerability, and safety in children with ADHD over a 12-month period. The study showed effective treatment of ADHD symptoms, with 83% and 78% of parents reporting 'very much improved' or 'much improved' outcomes.
A systematic review of rosiglitazone trials suggests a 43% increased risk of heart attack and 64% risk of death from heart attack. However, recent studies DREAM and ADOPT suggest these findings may be overstated, warranting a more considered approach to its safety
A recent study found that guanfacine extended release significantly improved all core symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children aged 6 to 17 years. The investigational nonstimulant medication demonstrated clinically meaningful efficacy for up to 24 months of treatment.
Long-term treatment with VYVANSE shows significant efficacy in ADHD, with 95% of children experiencing overall improvement after 12 months. The study also found consistent time to maximum concentration of d-amphetamine from patient to patient.
Researchers from NHLBI Asthma Clinical Research Networks and ALA ACRC Network will present new findings on the effect of inhaled steroids on children with asthma, as well as the impact of overweight and obesity on asthma severity. Substudies and subgroup analyses for three ACRC studies will also be presented.
A minimally invasive device for stress urinary incontinence has been shown to be safe and effective in early clinical trials, demonstrating significant continence improvement in women. The device, ACT, eliminates the risk of overtreatment or undertreatment with adjustable balloons that can be adjusted post-operatively.
Two studies demonstrated SYMBICORT's effectiveness in improving health-related quality of life (HRQL) and patient-reported satisfaction with asthma treatment. The combination therapy showed significant improvements in HRQL scores compared to monocomponents or placebo, while also demonstrating better patient-reported global assessments.
The study found that adults taking adjunctive aripiprazole had a greater reduction in MADRS Total Score compared to placebo, indicating improved depressive symptoms. Common adverse events included akathisia, insomnia, and restlessness, with a lower discontinuation rate due to adverse events for aripiprazole.
A new study presented at the American Psychiatric Association 2007 Annual Meeting found that ramelteon did not impair middle-of-the-night balance, mobility, or memory performance in older adults with insomnia. The study also demonstrated that patients treated with zolpidem had impaired performances on these measures.
A study by NIH/NIDDK found that sling surgery was more effective in achieving dryness and quality of life for women with SUI, but had higher side effects. The procedure helped significantly more women achieve stress-specific success compared to the Burch technique.
The clinical trial data show that Perforomist Inhalation Solution provides rapid bronchodilation, improves lung function, and enhances patient quality of life compared to placebo. The treatment also has a favorable safety profile and is well-tolerated.
The company has completed enrollment in its pivotal FDA-approved IDE study, the Asthma Intervention Research 2 (AIR2) Trial, which aims to establish the safety and efficacy of the Alair Bronchial Thermoplasty System. The trial has nearly 300 patients enrolled at over 30 medical centers worldwide.
Two novel medications, lubiprostone and linaclotide, have shown significant relief from IBS symptoms and constipation. Hypnotherapy has also been found to be effective in treating bowel issues in children.
A meta-analysis suggests that half of blood-thinning drug-related complications can be prevented through improved anticoagulation control. This study highlights the importance of closely monitoring patients taking these medications to avoid serious side effects.
A new international study involving over 10,700 people with high blood pressure found that single-tablet combinations of drugs can bring blood pressure under control for up to 80% of US patients. The six-month treatment period saw a near-doubling of the proportion of patients achieving controlled blood pressure.
A randomized trial found that brand names significantly impact patient treatment decisions, with 36% changing their choice after seeing the true name. The study suggests that decision aids can help patients navigate complex medical decisions and express their personal values.
A new study found that a two-step sedation and ventilator weaning protocol, called 'wake up and breathe,' allows patients to come off the ventilator faster. This results in reduced ICU stays and improved patient outcomes.
A randomized double-blind trial of airway bypass treatment is underway to explore a minimally-invasive procedure for millions of emphysema sufferers. The study focuses on reinforcing new pathways in the lung with drug-eluting stents to relieve severe emphysema symptoms.
Researchers found that patients with well-controlled mild asthma on twice-daily inhaled steroids can safely reduce inhaler use to once a day or switch to daily pills. The study involved 500 children and adults with mild persistent asthma.
A double-blind randomized clinical trial found albuterol to have a clear advantage over epinephrine in successful discharges from the Emergency Department. The study involved over 700 infants and showed a surprising result of a small but real advantage in using albuterol.
A randomized clinical trial found that a 300-milligram dose of CoQ10 did not improve Parkinson's disease symptoms in patients. However, the treatment was well-tolerated and increased blood levels of CoQ10, suggesting potential benefits at higher doses.
Research shows that highly anxious patients with heart disease face nearly double the risk of heart attack or death compared to those with a more serene outlook on life. Patients who started out highly anxious but later found inner calm markedly reduced their risk.
Renowned experts Roxanna Mehran and Michael J. Mack debate the role of stenting versus bypass surgery in treating left main coronary artery disease. The Synergy Between PCI With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery trial is expected to provide critical data on the effectiveness of drug-eluting stents compared to bypass surgery.
A study published in The Lancet found that long-term aspirin use can reduce the risk of colorectal cancer by 37% overall and 74% after 10-15 years. The benefits are likely to outweigh the risks in individuals at increased risk of colon cancer.
The Endeavor III trial reports mixed findings on the new-generation stent, showing improved procedural success but higher late loss in angiographic studies at 8 months compared to the Cypher stent. At 2 years, clinical outcomes were equivalent between the two stents, with similar rates of death, heart attack, and repeat procedures.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome affects 5-10% of the population worldwide and is associated with increased healthcare costs and psychological distress. Hypnosis has proven beneficial in managing IBS symptoms, but its limited availability is a major drawback.
Two studies reveal that off-label and untested use of drug-coated stents is common in US practice, associated with higher ischemic complication rates and worse short-term outcomes. The studies found that approximately half of all use of drug-eluting stents occurs in off-label or untested settings.
A recent ARVO study found that nearly one-third of older Americans diagnosed with primary open angle glaucoma are not treated medically or surgically for the condition. The study revealed that despite increasingly effective therapies, many patients are not benefiting from consistent glaucoma treatment.
The Immune Tolerance Network, a seven-year-old international consortium, has secured significant NIAID funding to develop new therapies for autoimmune diseases. The network's focus on immune tolerance and biological markers aims to create individually targeted treatments.
Migraines significantly impact employers, resulting in $28.7 billion annual losses. Employers who screen for and treat migraines may see improved productivity, reduced absenteeism, and lower costs.
A new drug under investigation for Multiple Sclerosis (MS) shows promising results in reducing new brain lesions and frequency of relapses. Researchers at the Montreal Neurological Institute found that rituximab significantly improved treatment outcomes, providing a clearer picture of the role of B-cells in MS.
A new literature review shows that patients with chronic neck pain who undergo chiropractic spinal manipulation experience significant improvements in pain levels, with no serious adverse effects reported. Mobilization therapy also proves effective in achieving full recovery after six to seven weeks of treatment.
A promising anti-inflammatory drug failed to improve symptoms of moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a large trial. The study suggests that other mediators may be necessary to cause COPD, and raises concerns about the safety of the drug.
A recent study reveals that mice lacking OCT1 have reduced metformin effects on AMPK phosphorylation and glucose control. Genetic variations in OCT1 in humans also impact metformin uptake, highlighting the importance of personalized treatment approaches.
Researchers found that monthly maintenance IPT was effective in preventing recurrence of depression in women who achieved remission through IPT alone. The study also showed no significant difference in recurrence rates between those who received maintenance IPT weekly, bi-monthly or monthly.
Two studies suggest that rituximab, a therapeutic antibody targeting B-cells, reduces brain lesions and relapses in multiple sclerosis patients. The treatment was generally safe and well-tolerated.
A study published in JAMA Network found that levosimendan did not improve survival rates for patients with decompensated heart failure compared to dobutamine. The researchers analyzed data from 1,327 patients who received either intravenous levosimendan or dobutamine and found no significant difference in long-term survival outcomes.
Two studies found infliximab ineffective in managing giant-cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica, highlighting steroid treatment as the standard approach for these chronic conditions.
A study by the New York Academy of Medicine found that many NYC pharmacies do not translate prescription labels into languages other than English, despite being able to do so. This poses a significant risk to limited-English patients who may face serious errors if they cannot understand their medication instructions.
A clinical trial involving over 2,100 participants found that commonly used pain medications such as naproxen and celecoxib did not reduce the incidence of Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests that these medications should not be taken primarily to prevent Alzheimer's disease.
A study published in JAMA found that ranolazine is safe but ineffective in reducing major cardiovascular events, such as death or heart attack, in patients with acute coronary syndromes. The medication showed a reduced risk of recurrent ischemia, but failed to improve overall cardiovascular outcomes.