Articles tagged with Drug Studies
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
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Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
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A new study found that nearly half of patients misinterpreted at least one prescription label instruction, regardless of literacy level. Patients with low literacy made the most mistakes, but even those with higher education struggled to understand the labels.
A study found that patients with lower literacy and those taking multiple medications had difficulty understanding prescription label instructions. The researchers recommend redesigning label text and format, as well as a system approach to verify patient understanding, to improve quality care.
A large HIV/AIDS treatment trial found that interrupting antiretroviral therapy more than doubles the risk of AIDS or death from any cause. The study used two levels of CD4+ T cells to guide therapy suspension and restarting, but participants receiving episodic therapy had a significantly increased risk of disease progression.
A study of nearly two million patients found that 60% of Scottish surgeries prescribed homeopathic or herbal remedies, with children under 16 being particularly targeted. The researchers call for a critical review of this trend, highlighting the lack of scientific evidence supporting these therapies.
A randomised trial found that Ancrod was not effective in treating ischaemic stroke when administered within 6 hours of symptom onset. The study highlights the importance of timely treatment in stroke care and suggests that Ancrod may only be beneficial if given within a 3-hour window.
A systematic review of HIV medication adherence factors reveals common barriers in both developed and developing countries, as well as unique challenges in resource-constrained settings. Facilitators of adherence include having a sense of self-worth, simplicity of regimens, and reminder tools, but no such facilitators were identified i...
Researchers found that intensive support programs for caregivers improved their quality of life, reducing depression and stress. Coordinated support systems also enhanced dementia patient care, with 64% meeting guidelines in the intervention group.
Two studies by Rhode Island Hospital confirm the safety and efficacy of drug-eluting stents in patients with heart disease. The studies found that DES are as safe as bare metal stents, with lower rates of repeat procedures and mortality rates comparable to BMS.
An alliance is being formed in India to conduct Parkinson's disease clinical trials, which will aid in the development of new treatments and slow down disease progression. The initiative aims to bring attention to the condition in India, where only a few neurologists specialize in movement disorders.
A recent study published in The Lancet Oncology found that switching to anastrozole after 2-3 years of tamoxifen treatment significantly improves overall survival and reduces the risk of recurrence for postmenopausal women with hormone-sensitive early-stage breast cancer. The study analyzed data from three trials and used meta-analysis...
The study found a potential increased risk of cardiovascular events among elderly individuals taking naproxen, while celecoxib showed no significant risk. The results contribute to the larger body of evidence on the safety of these non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
A 25-year meta-analysis of 29 double-blind studies involving nearly 4,500 children with ADHD found that stimulant medications produced larger effect sizes than non-stimulants. The study suggests that amphetamine- and methylphenidate-based stimulants are more effective treatments for ADHD symptoms.
A phase I clinical trial found that Shire's investigational drug SPD465 was bioequivalent to a combination of ADDERALL XR and mixed amphetamine salts immediate release. This suggests that SPD465 could offer full-day symptom control for adults with ADHD, potentially eliminating the need for augmenting long-acting stimulant medications.
New data shows significant improvement in core symptoms of ADHD with guanfacine extended release, including hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention. The medication was well-tolerated with mild or moderate side effects.
A study published in Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis reveals Pycnogenol, an antioxidant plant extract from pine tree bark, effectively reduces swelling in patients taking antihypertensive medications by 36%. The treatment also improves blood circulation, avoiding blood pooling and reducing edema.
A study by Duke University Medical Center cardiologists found that women tend to live longer with heart failure than men, having a less severe form of the disease. The research suggests that understanding these gender differences can help physicians tailor prevention or treatment strategies to specific patients.
A combination therapy of tolterodine ER and tamsulosin resulted in statistically significant treatment benefits for men with overactive bladder and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Eighty percent of patients reported improvement in symptoms, compared to 62% on placebo, highlighting the potential for combination therapy in managing lower u...
Tolvaptan has been shown to improve patients' serum sodium levels within hours, with sustained normalization during long-term therapy. The treatment also improved mental performance in patients with low serum sodium levels.
A pharmacy care program for elderly patients increases medication adherence, resulting in improved health outcomes. The study found that the program was associated with significant improvements in systolic blood pressure and sustained medication adherence.
A new drug-antidote combination has been shown to be safe in its first clinical trial, offering a potential 'on-off' switch for controlled anticoagulation. The treatment targets human coagulation factor IXa and rapidly reverses the anticoagulant's effects.
Researchers found that pioglitazone reduced carotid artery intima-media thickness by .001 millimeters and improved blood glucose control, while increasing HDL cholesterol levels. These findings suggest pioglitazone may be a new approach to further reduce cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes.
The MEDAL trial found that etoricoxib and diclofenac have similar heart attack and stroke rates, but different side-effect profiles. Etoricoxib reduces gastrointestinal bleeding risk but may increase cardiovascular events.
A study at the University of Illinois Chicago examines how genetic variations affect brain activity, cognition, and symptom response to risperidone. The research aims to identify genetic markers that predict treatment success and potential side effects in patients with schizophrenia.
A new anti-cancer drug has shown promise for halting the progression of advanced solid tumors by blocking aurora proteins. In a phase I clinical trial, seven patients experienced disease stabilization, with four remaining stable for over seven months.
Researchers have made a breakthrough with non-hormonal compound Adjudin, which has shown safety and effectiveness in rats when administered as an attachment to a modified hormone targeting the testes. However, its delivery system needs improvement, and it remains to be seen whether it will work as well in humans as in rodents.
A Phase I study of novel gene therapy VRX496 for HIV treatment found five patients experienced decreases in viral load and stable or increased CD4 T cell counts after receiving the treatment. The trial also demonstrated the treatment's potential to restore normal immune function against other infections.
Researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center have developed a potential new treatment for stroke using Activated Protein C, which has shown promise in reducing brain damage by 70 percent. The treatment aims to temper the side effects of current medication TPA and expand its 'window' beyond three hours.
A six-year study, STAR*D, found that 67% of patients achieved full remission after one to four treatment steps. Careful monitoring and collaboration between patients and clinicians are crucial for improving outcomes.
A recent study published in The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology found that varenicline was well-tolerated and effective in reducing cravings and withdrawal symptoms in elderly smokers. The researchers reported mild adverse reactions, including nausea, but no participants withdrew from the study.
Studies found that statins and fibrates have uncertain impact on melanoma prevention, while a new virus kills brain cancer cells in mice. An antibody combination shows efficacy in ovarian cancer, while immunohistochemical assays predict breast cancer treatment response better than older methods
The investigational amphetamine compound SPD465 demonstrated improved Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms in adults for up to 16 hours post-dose. The study results showed that SPD465 provided significant improvement in ADHD symptom control based on PERMP and ADHD-RS scores.
A new drug, eltrombopag, stimulates blood platelet production, enabling patients with low platelets to take standard antiviral medications. The trial found that 95% of patients responded with increased platelets and were able to start therapy.
Researchers developed a classification system to improve the effectiveness of blinding methods, leading to better trial design and interpretation. Published studies often lack detail on blinding methods, highlighting the need for improved guidelines.
Research published in Phytotherapy Research found that silymarin extract can significantly lower fasting blood sugar levels and reduce glycosylated haemoglobin in patients with type II diabetes. The study showed promising results, but further large-scale trials are needed to confirm its effectiveness.
Two editorials in the American Journal of Hypertension argue that the TROPHY study is flawed due to its unusual definition of incident hypertension. The studies caution that the treatment may not be effective in preventing the development of hypertension, and instead suggest that it could cause a slow unmasking of high blood pressure.
A phase 3 study demonstrated lisdexamfetamine dimesylate's effectiveness in reducing ADHD symptoms, with 95% of children showing significant improvement. The medication was well-tolerated, with side effects similar to those of marketed ADHD stimulants.
The DAYTRANA patch offers flexible wear times, allowing physicians to manage ADHD symptoms and minimize late-day side effects. The patch demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing ADHD symptoms, even when worn for shorter periods.
A study of 79 patients diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and compulsive hoarding syndrome found that serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) medication, paroxetine, significantly improved symptoms. Compulsive hoarding is a psychiatric disorder characterized by failure to discard objects due to anxiety and excessive clutter.
A recent study found that moderate drinking may be associated with a reduced risk of heart attack in healthy men. The research, conducted on 8,867 healthy men, suggests that even light drinkers have a lower risk than those who do not drink at all. Moderate drinking was linked to increased levels of HDL or 'good' cholesterol in the blood.
A study of 2,587 elderly men found that those with lower bioavailable testosterone levels were more likely to fall. Muscle weakness and coordination issues may play a role in this association.
In a Phase III trial, AMITIZA demonstrated significant improvements in chronic constipation symptoms, including reduced straining, bloating, and discomfort. The study showed efficacy across IBS-C and non-IBS-C patients, with fewer adverse events reported in the placebo group.
A multifaceted intervention increased adherence to clinical guidelines for preventing deep-vein blood clots among elderly patients. The study found that implementing evidence-based guidelines resulted in a significant decrease in the rate of DVT, with 91% fewer cases before and after guideline implementation.
Researchers have developed a new type of laboratory mouse with human-like immune systems, allowing for the study of human-pathogen interaction and development of disease therapies. The 'Bone Marrow Liver Thymic' mice can fight certain infections, including toxic shock syndrome and Epstein Barr virus.
A study by UCSF researchers found that 42% of elderly patients taking five or more medications were simultaneously taking an inappropriate drug and not taking a necessary one. The study also showed that underuse of medications was common, with an average of one missed medication per patient.
A recent study highlights the need for increased female representation in clinical drug trials, as acknowledged gender differences in treatment effectiveness have not been adequately addressed. The European Medicines Agency's policies have been criticized for failing to develop gender-specific guidelines or strategies.
Researchers will focus on possible therapies aimed at affecting the peptide beta amyloid and the tau protein. The consortium's work will translate basic research knowledge into clinical trials of interventions that target Alzheimer's disease mechanisms.
Adverse drug events are a significant concern, with over 700,000 patients treated in US emergency departments annually due to ADEs. The majority of these events were caused by unintentional overdoses, particularly among older adults and those taking drugs that require regular monitoring.
A Phase 1 study of CERE-120, a gene therapy product, demonstrated significant symptom reduction in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease, reducing UPDRS motor 'off' scores by approximately 40%. The treatment also showed promising results in improving 'on' time and reducing 'off' time.
A long-term study found that preschoolers with ADHD benefit from low doses of methylphenidate, but may need higher doses later on to maintain effectiveness. The study also showed significant side effects, including growth rate changes and weight loss.
Research at Brookhaven National Laboratory found that cocaine-addicted individuals have a flattened sensitivity to relative monetary rewards, making it harder to inhibit maladaptive behavior. This altered perception of reward is linked to changes in the prefrontal cortex, a brain region essential for monitoring and controlling behavior.
A new study found that low doses of sertraline taken before the onset of menstruation may be an effective treatment for moderate-to-severe premenstrual syndrome. Researchers also tested two other dosing strategies, including daily medication throughout the menstrual cycle and symptom-onset dosing.
The TGN1412 trial's failure led to serious adverse events in healthy volunteers. A review of the available data revealed essential information was absent from the research file, concluding that the compound was unsuitable for administration without additional pre-clinical experiments.
A recent Mount Sinai School of Medicine study suggests that physicians are crucial in helping low-income and uninsured seniors save money on prescription drugs. By prescribing generic versions of cardiovascular medications, doctors can significantly reduce medication costs for patients and Medicare beneficiaries.
A large-scale clinical trial funded by the NIH found that commonly prescribed antipsychotic medications for Alzheimer's patients with delusions and aggression have limited effectiveness, while increasing the risk of severe side effects. The study suggested that alternative treatments may be more suitable for this vulnerable population.
A nationwide study led by USC professor Lon Schneider found that most Alzheimer's patients prescribed antipsychotic drugs discontinue use due to severe side effects, despite showing some effectiveness in managing delusions and agitation. The study suggests that these medications should be used with caution and only when necessary.
Researchers found that histamine receptor overactivation may cause low blood pressure during exercise recovery, leading to fainting. Antihistamine use before exercise significantly reduced post-exercise hypotension in a study.
Five experts recommend Congressional action to address eight major problems, including inadequate funding and expertise. They propose five key changes to strengthen FDA's ability to assure public safety.
A study published in The Lancet found that oral misoprostol significantly reduces maternal hemorrhage and postpartum blood loss in women giving birth in rural, developing communities. This life-saving treatment has the potential to prevent up to half of maternal deaths from pregnancy-related causes.
Two large clinical trials show ranibizumab's effectiveness in treating neovascular macular degeneration, but its high cost raises questions about the value of comparing it to bevacizumab, a cheaper alternative. Bevacizumab, originally designed for cancer treatment, also appears to be effective in treating this eye disease.
A study found that Tadalafil (Cialis) significantly improved erectile dysfunction in prostate cancer patients who underwent 3D-CRT. Successful intercourse rates were 48% for those taking Tadalafil, compared to 9% for placebo group.