Articles tagged with Drug Studies
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A reanalysis of previous studies found that new-generation antipsychotics were moderately more efficacious than low-potency conventional drugs but did not significantly reduce neurological side-effects. Clozapine was the only new-generation drug associated with fewer side-effects and higher efficacy.
A new study suggests that colonoscopy is more cost-effective in preventing colon cancer than promising Cox-II drugs. The study found that screening plus drugs was most effective but also the most costly option.
Children prescribed asthma medications have lower rates of emergency room visits compared to those without prescriptions. However, asthmatic African-American and urban children experience more frequent ER visits due to asthma attacks.
A study found that pediatricians prescribe medication for pediatric insomnia more frequently than previously thought. The likelihood of prescribing medication is higher in children with ADHD and special needs. Behavioral therapy or failed treatments are often combined with sleep medications.
Studies suggest atypical antipsychotics like Clozaril and Seroquel may have a protective effect against diabetes in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Researchers recommend routine screening for diabetes, hypertension, and obesity in mentally ill patients.
Researchers found that cannabis compounds have previously unknown qualities, potentially enabling the discovery of new treatments for neurological disorders. The study suggests that tailored varieties of cannabis may be used to prevent neurodegeneration and manage conditions such as Alzheimer's and motor neuron diseases.
Dr. Tierney emphasizes that medication side effects are often non-specific and can be attributed to underlying conditions, not just the medication itself. He advocates for regular screening of patients using computer-based medical records systems to eliminate preventable errors.
A large-scale prospective trial will determine whether exercise can reduce mortality for patients with heart failure or any other disease. The study, led by Duke University, aims to find out if exercise has an effect on reducing hospitalizations among heart failure patients.
German researchers found oral sildenafil improves hemodynamics and exercise capacity in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. A study also revealed African-American children have a much higher hospital readmission rate for asthma, over four times that of other races/ethnicities.
Rental voucher programs may improve neighborhood safety by reducing crime rates and housing quality issues. However, more data is needed to confirm these links, according to a CDC analysis of 12 studies.
A study published in JAMA found that sibutramine, a weight loss medication, helped obese adolescents lose an average of 17.2 pounds when used in conjunction with a behavior modification program. The study also showed improvements in insulin levels and a reduction in weight regain over time.
A 52-week extension trial found that lanthanum carbonate successfully maintained lowered phosphate levels in patients with end-stage kidney disease. The study demonstrated a good safety profile, with no treatment-related serious adverse events, and supported the use of Fosrenol as a long-term treatment option.
The STELLAR study found CRESTOR 10-40mg reduced LDL-C by 46 to 55 percent, while raising HDL-C by 7.6 to 9.6 percent compared to other statins. The study was part of AstraZeneca's GALAXY Program and included over 19,000 patients from 23 countries.
The study, published online in the Lancet, found that atorvastatin significantly reduces the likelihood of heart attacks and strokes in people with high blood pressure. The results are great news for those suffering from high blood pressure, as the drug also lowers cholesterol levels.
The SPORTIF III study demonstrates Exanta's efficacy in preventing stroke and systemic embolic events, with a 41% reduced risk of major bleeding events compared to warfarin. The fixed-dose oral medication offers a convenient alternative to traditional treatment, eliminating the need for coagulation monitoring and dietary restrictions.
Memantine, a new drug, has been found to slow the mental and physical deterioration of patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease. The study, led by Dr. Barry Reisberg, showed that patients taking memantine experienced significantly less decline in cognition and daily life activities compared to those receiving a placebo.
A recent community-based clinical trial found that Keppra significantly reduced partial seizures in nearly 80% of elderly patients, aged 65 and older, with a median overall reduction in seizure frequency of 80.1%. The medication was well-tolerated, with a low incidence of side effects.
A long-term study of 299 adult sickle cell patients found that hydroxyurea treatment improved survival by increasing fetal hemoglobin and reducing severe pain episodes and chest syndrome. The results confirm the benefits of hydroxyurea in reducing complications in the sickest patients.
A new international study found that the life-saving effect of eplerenone began soon after patients started taking the drug following their heart attacks. The study showed a significant reduction in deaths and hospitalizations among heart attack patients with heart failure, especially when combined with other heart medications.
A Phase III study of Raptiva found that 27% of patients experienced a 75% or greater Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score improvement after 12 weeks of therapy. Patients also showed rapid onset of effects on quality of life measurements, providing further support for Raptiva as a potential treatment option.
Researchers are investigating the effectiveness of St. John's wort and citalopram in treating minor depression, a common disorder that can impair daily life and increase the risk of major depression. The study aims to provide evidence-based treatment recommendations for primary care clinicians.
A recent study by Ohio State University researchers found that nearly three-quarters of hospitalized patients with anxiety received treatment, but symptoms were documented on less than half of their charts. The study highlights the need for systematic evaluation and objective measures to address anxiety management in healthcare.
A comprehensive review of 73 randomized trials on electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for depressive illness reveals significant efficacy improvements over sham ECT, pharmacotherapy, and unipolar ECT. The study underscores the importance of ECT as a treatment option for managing severe depression.
The number of ramipril prescriptions for elderly Ontario residents increased significantly after the release of HOPE's results, peaking at 304/100 000 in May 2000. This surge in prescribing was attributed to widespread media coverage of the study's success.
A national survey found that 25% of patients with DTCA-prompted discussions received a new diagnosis, including high cholesterol, arthritis, and diabetes. Specialist referrals were made for 33%, and lab tests or lifestyle changes recommended for 45%. Patients reported improvement in symptoms regardless of medication features.
A comprehensive review of research findings shows that surgery is a superior treatment option for disabling seizures caused by mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, with better quality of life and reduced medication use. The analysis also found low surgical morbidity and mortality rates, making it an attractive alternative to medication.
A 12-week study in Baltimore evaluated nevirapine for HIV prevention in adults at high risk, showing no serious side effects or new infections. The researchers discovered that the three lower doses of nevirapine provided sufficient blood levels to potentially prevent HIV infection.
A new clinical trial found that a drug called milrinone strongly reduces the risk of heart failure in children after cardiac surgery. The study involved 238 patients and showed that high-dose milrinone is 55% less likely to cause low cardiac output syndrome compared to a placebo.
Researchers found that selegiline hydrochloride significantly increased smoking cessation rates among participants, with 45% quitting after 8 weeks of treatment. This suggests the MAO-B inhibitor may be an effective treatment for nicotine addiction.
A study published in The Lancet found that treatment for one to two years with antidepressants substantially reduced the likelihood of relapse compared to discontinuing active treatment. The average rate of relapse on placebo was nearly double that of treatment, highlighting the benefits of long-term medication adherence.
A meta-analysis of 31 trials involving over 4400 patients found that continuous antidepressant treatment for one to two years significantly reduced depressive relapse rates compared to placebo. The study suggests that many patients remain at risk of recurrence after initial treatment and may benefit from extended medication
The ACCORD clinical trial enrolls 10,000 adults with type 2 diabetes to test the effects of intensively controlling blood sugar along with aggressive control of blood pressure and lipids. The study aims to address the significant public health challenge of cardiovascular disease in people with type 2 diabetes.
The Phase III, 48-week NEAT study found that 66% of patients taking 908 achieved undetectable viral load compared to 51% on nelfinavir. The study also showed improved safety and efficacy profiles for 908, with lower rates of adverse events and virologic failures.
Similar efficacy responses were seen in both the 908/r regimens and the LPV/r regimen, meeting the primary endpoint of non-inferiority at 24 weeks. Patients achieved positive antiviral responses with both 908/r and LPV/r regimens.
A large-scale study confirms KEPPRA's efficacy in reducing seizure frequency and achieving seizure freedom in patients with refractory epilepsy. The study analyzed data from 1,422 patients over a 54-month period, showing sustained antiepileptic benefits without tolerance developing.
Dr. Warlow will receive the prestigious Thomas Willis Award for his extensive work on clinical trials, meta-analysis, and epidemiology in stroke research. The award recognizes a senior investigator who has made significant contributions to understanding stroke over a sustained period.
The study found that boosting GW433908 with ritonavir reduced the incidence of PI-resistance selected by either the study PI or NRTIs ABC and 3TC. In contrast, unboosted 908 had a higher rate of resistance to 3TC and some patients developed mutations associated with APV resistance.
AstraZeneca has submitted an application to the European Health Authorities for a new indication for Seroquel in treating manic episodes associated with bipolar disorder. The company's clinical trial programme showed strong and positive results, confirming Seroquel as an ideal first-line agent for this condition.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh discovered that PTHrP significantly increases bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, with a 4.7% increase observed in just three months. The study's findings are promising and take the identification of an effective short-term anabolic agent one step further.
A recent Ohio State University study found that computerizing physician orders reduced medication turn-around times by 64 percent, X-ray procedures by 43 percent, and lab tests by 25 percent. This led to improved work flow, efficiency, and accuracy in patient care.
A study by Express Scripts found that stimulant prescription claims for school-age children are concentrated in the South and Midwest, with higher-income communities also showing higher usage. States like Louisiana had a rate of 6.5 stimulant prescriptions per 100 eligible, while the District of Columbia had a much lower rate of 1.6.
Research found that mail reminders significantly improved adherence rates among patients taking antidepressants, particularly those on SSRIs. The study suggests that the $30,000 spent on this intervention could be cost-effective compared to the estimated cost of lost productivity in depressed workers.
A recent update of the Italian Randomized Trial of Tamoxifen found that tamoxifen significantly reduced breast cancer incidence by 82% in high-risk women. The study suggested that factors such as early menstruation, childlessness, and tall stature increase a woman's risk of developing ER+ breast cancer.
Researchers have found a new Parkinson's drug to be effective in improving symptoms, with participants receiving 1mg of Rasagiline showing significant improvements compared to those on 2mg. The study calls for further research to evaluate the long-term effects of Rasagiline on the progression of the disease.
Researchers found that bupropion significantly reduced negative symptoms of schizophrenia, improving motivation and social relationships, while also aiding in nicotine addiction treatment for schizophrenic patients. The study showed better smoking cessation outcomes with newer atypical antipsychotic medications.
A pilot study of HIV patients in New York City found that those with social support were more likely to take their medications consistently. The study highlights the importance of social contact in overcoming adherence challenges for individuals living with HIV.
A study published in the American Journal of Transplantation found that 94% of compliant pediatric patients were recommended for transplant, compared to 62% of non-compliant patients. The researchers also discovered that children from more educated parents were more likely to be referred for transplantation.
A meta-analysis of 29 trials found that cholinesterase inhibitors improved behavioral and functional status in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests potential benefits for improving quality of life and reducing caregiver burdens, but long-term research is needed to confirm these findings.
A recent study conducted by Dr. Tim McCulley at Stanford University found that high doses of Viagra preserved the thickness of the eye's choroids layer, supplying blood to the eyeball, with minimal change in blood vessels or flow. However, some individuals with underlying vascular diseases may experience changes in vision due to small ...
Quetiapine has delivered strong and positive results in treating acute mania associated with bipolar disorder, confirming its potential as an ideal first-line therapy. The medication also showed improved quality of life by minimizing side effects, making it a valuable treatment option for patients.
The study found that nearly half of promotional claims were not supported by corresponding references, with the most common error being recommending treatment to a different patient group than those assessed in the reference study. Doctors should be cautious when assessing advertisements claiming greater efficacy, safety, or convenience.
The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends intensive diet counseling for at-risk adult patients to reduce fat and increase fruits and vegetables. Effective counseling involves multiple sessions and interactive materials, with studies showing significant changes in eating habits and some health benefits.
A new study published in The Lancet found that balloon angioplasty was more effective than thrombolytic therapy in reducing death, nonfatal heart attacks, and strokes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Long-term data showed that angioplasty's benefits were sustained for six to 18 months.
A Stanford study finds that medications for heart disease, including warfarin, beta blockers, and ACE inhibitors, are underused in outpatient settings. The researchers urge improved education, quality-improvement practices, and patient involvement to address this issue and reduce complications.
A Phase II study published in NEJM found that natalizumab significantly reduced new gadolinium-enhancing lesions by up to 93% and the number of patients experiencing relapses by 50%. The treatment was well-tolerated, with common adverse events including infection and rash.
In the Phase II study, natalizumab demonstrated higher rates of clinical remission compared to placebo at multiple time points. The highest rate of remission was observed in the dual 3 mg/kg dose group, with a maximal response of 71%.
Researchers analyzed 37 randomized controlled trials and found that most showed no significant improvement in pain, appetite, weight gain, quality of life, or performance status for patients receiving a placebo. Individual patient responses to placebos were also variable, with some improvements observed in certain symptoms.
A study of 137 adults with HIV found that simplifying their medication regimens can significantly improve adherence, particularly for those with memory and attention problems. The study suggests a two-way relationship between missed doses and disease progression, highlighting the need for more effective treatment strategies.
A study found that HIV patients with cognitive impairment who took medications three times a day had lower adherence rates than those on simpler schedules. Researchers suggest giving simpler dosing to help patients stick to their medication schedules.
The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) revealed that diuretic chlorthalidone is more effective in controlling hypertension than other drugs. The study, involving over 33,000 participants, showed that patients require multiple medications to manage blood pressure effectively.