Articles tagged with Drug Studies
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Research suggests that even moderate drinking habits can increase hypertension risk in Japanese men, contrary to previous US studies. Obesity and genetic factors may contribute to this difference in findings.
Researchers found that HIV-infected patients with viral suppression interrupted treatment for an average of nine months without experiencing infections or illnesses. Patients with lower virus levels and stronger immune systems responded favorably to the interruption.
A national study on estrogen for postmenopausal women was halted after five years, showing a 26% increased risk of breast cancer and no significant cardiovascular benefits. The study found moderate reductions in fracture and colorectal cancer risk, but the risks outweighed the benefits.
The Women's Health Initiative has stopped its trial on estrogen-progestin combination Prempro due to significant increased risk of breast cancer and cardiovascular events. Women taking this medication will continue with regular contacts, exams, and mammograms.
A hormone therapy study involving 16,608 women was stopped early due to a 26% increase in breast cancer risk. The study found that the risks of estrogen plus progestin outweighed any potential benefits for heart disease and hip fractures.
The new treatment combines antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs to target the root cause of cold symptoms, not just its symptoms. Researchers found that adding interferon to the treatment increased effectiveness compared to individual medications alone.
Research suggests African HIV subtypes exhibit higher fitness in protease inhibitors due to natural mutations, leading to faster therapy failure. The findings support broader focus on HIV drug development beyond the B subtype.
Researchers found genetically engineered mice lacking the A/C receptor had 8-12% lower blood pressure than normal mice. Blocking this subtype may offer a new approach to treating high blood pressure with reduced side effects.
Researchers conducted two studies on venlafaxine XR, a SNRI medication, for social anxiety disorder (SAD) treatment. The results showed significant reductions in SAD symptoms as early as four or six weeks after treatment began, with continued improvements through week 12.
Researchers analyzed historical placebo control data with Actonel treatment for osteoporosis, revealing a significant reduction in new vertebral fractures. The study found that once-week treatment with Actonel reduced the risk of new vertebral fractures by 77% at one year.
Recent studies have shown that combining Xenical with a mildly reduced calorie diet can improve glycaemic control, body weight, and waist circumference in overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes. The medication has been found to reduce HbA1c levels by as much as 46% in patients with poor glycaemic control.
A new analysis suggests that early statin use after a heart attack is only effective in patients with high cholesterol levels above the recommended guidelines. The study found no difference in mortality rates between those who received early statins and those who did not.
A new clinical trial at NCCAM investigates the effectiveness of electroacupuncture in managing delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea, which often proves difficult to treat with medications. The study aims to provide an alternative approach to alleviate this condition and its associated side effects, such as stress.
Researchers found that most articles reporting new treatment results only used the most favorable statistic. Only 18 out of 359 articles reported 'absolute-risk reduction', and none reported 'number needed to treat'. Complete reporting is crucial for informed patient decisions.
A study found that patients who had one-on-one discussions with pharmacists reported using less medication and having fewer medication-related problems. The sessions helped increase communication between patients and their physicians, leading to improved health outcomes.
A recent study found that 42% of sexual assault survivors did not receive testing for sexually transmitted diseases or prophylactic medications. The study also showed that survivors over 18 were more likely to be screened, but only 34% received medication recommended by the CDC.
A study found that elderly patients with multiple prescription medications have difficulty identifying them, dosages, frequencies, and indications. The study suggests that this issue may be more widespread among elderly patients who are disoriented or medically unstable.
A large international trial found that magnesium sulphate reduced the risk of eclampsia by over half and maternal death by 45% compared to placebo. The treatment was also associated with a lower incidence of side effects.
A new clinical trial has shown that a short-term use of a new drug can safely arrest the progression of Type 1 diabetes by targeting disease-causing T-cells. Patients who took the drug continued to produce their own insulin and needed less supplemental hormone, leading to improved metabolic control and reduced complications.
Recent clinical trials found that low-dose insulin injections do not delay or prevent type 1 diabetes in high-risk individuals, contrary to earlier animal studies and pilot trials. However, the trials revealed valuable insights into immune and metabolic markers for assessing diabetes risk and identifying potential prevention strategies.
A new implantable device has been designed to deliver anti-psychotic medication for up to a year, potentially relieving patients of psychosis and social instability. The device, made of biodegradable polymers, is surgically implanted under the skin and releases medication into the bloodstream at a specific rate.
Combination therapy of finasteride and doxazosin significantly reduces BPH progression, urinary retention, and invasive treatments. Finasteride reduces prostate size, providing long-lasting symptom relief.
A study found that cognitive therapy was as effective as medication in treating severe depression, with a lower cost. Cognitive therapy showed a long-term cost benefit and offered enduring protection comparable to ongoing medication.
BP7787 shows impressive safety profile and high tumor response rate, indicating potential as a preventive measure for chemotherapy side effects. The Phase 1 clinical trial demonstrated no severe nerve damage and partial tumor remission in nearly all patients treated with BNP7787
In a study involving 495 patients, Effexor XR showed significantly higher remission rates compared to placebo. At the end of 12 months, 67% of patients maintained remission after a year of therapy, with 46% on placebo.
Scientists have identified pterostilbene, found in grapes, as having similar anticancer properties to resveratrol and potential antidiabetic benefits. Laboratory tests on cells showed that pterostilbene can prevent cell damage caused by cancer-causing agents.
The CONVINCE trial demonstrated that a controlled-onset extended-release calcium channel blocker, COVERA-HS, can provide equivalent effects to standard care therapy in reducing cardiovascular events. The study found that over 84% of patients achieved blood pressure control after medication titration.
A study by Michigan Medicine found that ER doctors can safely give stroke clot-busters, but patients need to reach the ER quickly. The study showed a complication rate similar to dedicated stroke teams, with 7% serious bleeding complications.
The VIRAHEP-C clinical trial investigates the effectiveness of combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C, with a focus on racial disparities. Researchers hope to determine factors associated with sustained virological response rates in African-American patients, who are disproportionately affected by the disease.
A 12-week study found that Viagra improved erections for 71% of men, compared to 18% on placebo. The medication was well-tolerated with mild side effects, making it a good option for men who need to treat both high blood pressure and erectile dysfunction.
A total of 825 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension showed significant improvements in intraocular pressure after switching to XALATAN. The study found that 83% of patients experienced a reduction in IOP due to inadequate control, and 90% of those who switched due to adverse events maintained IOP control.
A new study found that an anti-depression medication called bupropion (Zyban) is more effective than nicotine replacement therapy in helping women quit smoking. Women who took bupropion were more likely to stay smoke-free compared to those on nicotine replacement, with similar success rates after a full year of treatment.
A study found that depressed patients who responded to a placebo treatment showed similar brain changes as those who received an antidepressant, but with additional changes in the brainstem and hippocampus. The researchers suggest that these changes may be necessary for long-term recovery.
The Stanford study found that the quality of care received by depressed patients has significantly improved since the introduction of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in 1988. The study also revealed a notable increase in physician visits for depression, largely driven by the adoption of SSRIs.
A recent study found that smoking cessation success rates are equally good with over-the-counter (OTC) or prescription nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). OTC NRT had higher abstinence rates at six weeks and six months compared to prescription NRT. The study suggests that removing the prescription status of NRT products may promote saf...
Elderly individuals with untreated systolic hypertension are three times more likely to experience adverse cardiovascular events than those with normal blood pressure. Early treatment for high blood pressure significantly reduces cardiovascular risk, particularly among those free of detectable disease at study entry.
Researchers have discovered that the old drug sirolimus can also protect blood vessels of transplanted hearts, preventing chronic rejection. The study found that sirolimus can stop proliferation of smooth-muscle cells, which build up scar tissue and block oxygen supply to the heart.
The RDCC facilitates collaboration between researchers to develop new diagnostic tests and innovative therapies. Researchers aim to translate scientific discoveries into patient treatment within five years.
The NIMH RAPID grants program funds small projects to yield information helpful in designing large-scale studies on prevention and treatment of mental illnesses resulting from exposure to mass violence. Six supplemental grants have also been awarded to existing studies to gather new information specific to the 9/11 events.
A retrospective study of 1407 VNS Therapy patients found that reducing antiepileptic medications did not impair seizure control. The study analyzed changes in medication use and seizure rates over one year, with no significant differences between groups.
A Johns Hopkins-led study found that angioplasty reduced the combined incidence of death, repeat heart attacks, or strokes by 40% compared to clot-busting drugs. Patients treated with angioplasty had a shorter hospital stay and lower event rates at follow-up.
A new study found that galantamine improves cognition and daily living activities in patients with vascular dementia. The medication was also shown to reduce symptoms of behavioural changes, providing a potential treatment option for patients with limited pharmacological help.
A survey by Johns Hopkins researchers estimates probable environmental concentrations (PECs) of the top 200 drugs, suggesting potential sublethal effects on aquatic organisms. The study suggests that certain classes of compounds, such as antimicrobials and anticancer drugs, may be found at high concentrations.
Research found that fluticasone propionate, an inhaled corticosteroid, was the most effective treatment for asthma, reducing hospitalizations, emergency room visits, and need for additional medication. The study showed a nearly two to three times lower cost compared to other treatments, making it a more affordable option.
A large clinical trial found St. John's wort to be no more effective than placebo in treating moderately severe major depression. Researchers tested the supplement against the antidepressant sertraline and concluded that patients with moderate to severe depression should not self-medicate with St. John's wort.
Researchers found that behavior management programs improved sleep in 54% of CBT group participants and 39% in the HART group. These programs teach individuals to reset their 'sleep clock' by adhering to a regular sleep period, reducing daytime naps, and avoiding activities that make it difficult to fall asleep.
In a three-month study, ARICEPT significantly improved cognition and daily living skills compared to Reminyl. The treatment was better tolerated by patients taking ARICEPT, with fewer gastrointestinal adverse events.
A genetic variant in the adducin gene has been found to be associated with a significant reduction in heart attack and stroke risk when patients take low-dose diuretics. The study found that individuals with this variant were twice as likely to avoid cardiovascular events when treated with diuretics.
Chronic heart failure affects 5 million US people, with poor hospital outcomes and high readmission rates. Researchers conducted large placebo-controlled trials to develop treatment guidelines for this condition.
A recent study found that migraine prevalence in the US has remained stable over the past decade, with many sufferers relying on over-the-counter medications. The study suggests that millions of people could benefit from proper medical attention, which can lead to more effective treatment and improved quality of life.
The Emory study uses the COGNIShunt device to drain off toxins from the cerebrospinal fluid, a potential breakthrough in treating Alzheimer's disease. The 18-month trial aims to assess the effectiveness of the treatment and its impact on patients' symptoms.
A new study found that amiodarone is the most effective anti-arrhythmic drug for treating out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, with almost twice as many patients surviving compared to lidocaine. The ALIVE trial provides clear guidelines for emergency responders and hospital staff on the best treatment option.
The LIFE study found that losartan prevented more cardiovascular events and deaths than atenolol, even after similar reductions in blood pressure. Additionally, a second study showed losartan's effectiveness in reducing cardiovascular risk for patients with diabetes and left ventricular hypertrophy.
The International Breast Cancer Intervention Study (IBIS) found that tamoxifen reduced breast cancer incidence by 38% in healthy high-risk women. However, the benefits of tamoxifen for prevention in these women are unclear due to potential side effects and risks.
Duke University cardiologists report that DX-9065a, an experimental anti-coagulant, has cleared another hurdle in becoming a potential new treatment for patients with coronary artery disease. The agent inhibits Factor Xa, preventing blood clot formation earlier in the coagulation process.
A study of 145 heart patients found that 74% used complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapy, with 60% using supplements or mind-body techniques. Many patients took prescription medications and CAM substances together, posing a risk of bleeding problems, including gastrointestinal bleeding or surgical complications.
Korenberg's work enables doctors to predict treatment outcome and adverse reactions using gene-expression profiles, bringing personalized medicine closer. The advance could lead to more effective treatments and minimize hospitalizations due to drug-induced side effects.
A Canadian Medical Association Journal study found that reference-based pricing in British Columbia led to a significant reduction in the number of patients prescribed certain ACE inhibitors. The experiment aimed to reduce healthcare costs by tying medication prices to patient need, but its effectiveness remains unclear.
A study by Duke University researchers found that poor patients are more than twice as likely to die of severe heart disease compared to those with higher incomes. After adjusting for differences in treatment, poverty remained associated with a worse outcome, suggesting that post-hospital factors such as smoking and non-adherence to me...
A USGS survey found 82 organic wastewater contaminants in at least one stream across the US, including medications, caffeine and antimicrobial soaps. The presence of mixtures was a surprising finding, with some streams containing up to 38 chemicals.