Articles tagged with Drug Studies
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A study by cancer experts found that the response rate of tumours to a new drug decreases over time due to 'wish bias', an unconscious tendency for doctors to expect better results. The research team recommends double-blinded trials to avoid this bias and ensure objectivity in medical research.
A study by Dr. Tong J. Gan suggests that better communication and a tailored plan can significantly reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after surgery. The analysis identifies key patient characteristics, surgical procedures, and anesthetic methods that increase the risk of PONV.
A Michigan Medicine-led study has successfully improved the odds that patients receive life-saving treatments after a heart attack. The study, GAP (Guidelines Applied in Practice), used reminders, checklists, and educational materials to boost adherence to American College of Cardiology guidelines. As a result, hospitals saw significan...
Researchers found that clot-busting drugs were associated with increased mortality in elderly patients, particularly those over 80 years old. The study highlights the need for more selective use of these drugs and alternative treatments like primary coronary angioplasty.
A study found that patients who received qualitative descriptions of drug side-effects overestimated their risk, while those with quantitative descriptions made more accurate assessments. The results suggest that the EU's use of qualitative descriptions for risk bands may lead to poor decision-making among patients.
Acupuncture has been shown to be effective in treating vomiting after chemotherapy or surgery, as well as nausea associated with pregnancy. However, its effectiveness in treating chronic pain, back pain, and headache is still a topic of debate, with conflicting results from clinical trials.
A new clinical study by Johns Hopkins researchers shows that an experimental immunotherapy for severe ragweed allergy dramatically reduces allergic symptoms, such as runny noses, sneezing, and itchy eyes. The treatment nearly eliminates the need for relief medications and is substantially safer than conventional allergy shots.
A recent study found that nearly 33% of women misdiagnose themselves with vulvovaginal candidiasis, a yeast infection, while 19% actually had bacterial vaginosis. Dr. Daron G. Ferris suggests that women first see their doctor for confirmation before using over-the-counter treatments.
A new study published in The Lancet suggests that abacavir-containing regimens are more effective than zidovudine/lamivudine in children with HIV-1 who have not previously been treated. This finding could provide a good NRTI backbone for use with protease inhibitors and non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors.
A study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry found that nearly all antidepressant trials exclude patients with mild depression, anxiety disorders, or other psychiatric problems. This limits the generalizability of trial results and may lead to unjustified exposure of risks and side effects.
A first-of-its-kind clinical study presented at the AAGP meeting shows that treatment with ARICEPT significantly improved cognitive and global function in patients with vascular dementia. The study, which included 616 patients, found improvements in both cognitive abilities and overall functioning.
A new study found that methylphenidate (MPH) is effective in treating children with both attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and tic disorders like Tourette's. The treatment was previously thought to worsen tics, but the study showed no increase in tics and even eased them in some cases.
Researchers discovered a link between inflamed tender areas above upper molar teeth and headaches. A new treatment involves chilling the area to reduce swelling, eliminating pressure on nerves. The anti-inflammatory gel was found to be more effective than existing medications in reducing headache burden and analgesic use.
Recent studies have shown that low-dose computed tomography can detect lung cancers at an earlier stage than traditional chest radiography. Additionally, research has found a higher incidence of acute lung injury in Australian intensive care units, with lower mortality rates compared to international studies. Furthermore, experts argue...
A study of patients entering detoxification for alcohol and other drug dependence found that serious injury is common among those with alcohol dependence. The study suggests that problems with alcohol, rather than illicit drugs, are associated with increased risk of injury.
Studies found that denicotinized cigarettes can satisfy nicotine cravings and reduce smoke intake in smokers. The nicotine delivery method is linked to the sensory and habit components of smoking, suggesting a need for different techniques in comprehensive treatment programs.
Georgetown University Medical Center's research found that 53% of medical schools lack training in clinical pharmacology and adverse drug reactions for third- and fourth-year students. Most residency programs offer lectures on the topic but have limited reporting of adverse events.
Certain patient groups continue to experience delays in seeking emergency care, despite public education efforts and improved treatment times. Researchers found elderly patients (over 64), women (35%), black patients (6%), and diabetic patients (25%) are disproportionately affected by late hospital arrivals.
A recent study found that cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) helps patients with panic disorder manage their symptoms without medication. Six months after stopping antidepressants, about 80% of patients who received CBT were symptom-free and experienced improved anxiety levels.
The University of North Carolina is expanding its CATIE project to examine the effectiveness of newer anti-psychotic drugs for schizophrenia and behavioral problems in Alzheimer's disease. The trials will include a newly-approved drug, ziprasidone, and aim to determine its relative effectiveness compared to other medications.
A 24-week study found patients with vascular dementia taking ARICEPT experienced significant cognitive and global function improvements compared to placebo. The medication was well-tolerated, even when taken with other medications, according to the researchers.
A new study has found that the medication modafinil can effectively alleviate fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis. The drug was shown to improve symptoms in 75-90% of patients, with significant benefits reported at a dosage of 200mg per day.
Researchers found that regular use of aspirin cuts coronary heart disease risk by 28% in people at heightened risk. Doctors should discuss pros and cons with patients to determine individualized decision, considering age, habits, and medical histories.
A study on preterm birth found that premature infants' lungs develop under different conditions after birth, affecting lung function. Leukotriene antagonists improved treatment for moderate to severe asthma by increasing pulmonary function and reducing symptoms. A personalized oral appliance also showed significant improvement in child...
Researchers believe that a single deficit in context processing, impaired by declining dopamine levels, may explain age-related cognitive declines. Studies showed older adults performed worse on tests requiring context processing, while younger adults did better.
The American Society for Neuroregeneration and Transplantation (ASNTR) has published guidelines to ensure the development of novel cell and gene replacement therapies for brain disorders. The recommendations focus on preliminary study design, clinical trial methodology, and conflict of interest disclosure.
A recent study found that blood pressure-lowering drugs have varying effects on heart attacks and strokes. Researchers argue that existing testing methods may not accurately reflect a drug's true effectiveness.
A study led by Suppes is investigating whether supplementing bipolar patients' medications with acupuncture can help reduce medication use. The research aims to explore the potential benefits of acupuncture in treating depressive symptoms associated with bipolar disorder.
A study by the University of Chicago found that saw palmetto can improve urinary symptoms in men with enlarged prostates. After six months, men who received saw palmetto had a significant reduction in their urinary symptom score, while those on placebo showed only half the improvement.
A follow-up study found that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) improved symptoms in 60% of patients who had failed multiple medications, with 20% experiencing complete symptom disappearance. The technique has been approved for treating epilepsy and is currently being studied for its long-term benefits in depression.
The study aims to determine whether modafinil can effectively treat excessive sleepiness and improve alertness in night shift workers with chronic Shift Work Sleep Disorder. Those most likely affected are individuals working non-traditional schedules, leading to increased risk of work-related injuries and accidents.
Valsartan has been shown to improve symptoms and outcomes in patients with heart failure, reducing morbidity by 13.2% and hospitalizations by 27.5%. The study also found significant improvements in quality of life and ejection fraction.
A study found that seniors with limited insurance are more likely to restrict their prescription medication use. The practice was common among minority groups, the poor, and those with high out-of-pocket drug costs. This can lead to increased emergency department visits, nursing home admissions, and other health problems.
A new study aims to determine the effectiveness of drug therapy, psychotherapy, or a combination in treating major depression in teenagers. The study, administered by Northwestern University Medical School, will enroll participants between 12-17 years old with clinician-diagnosed depression.
Researchers suggest a structured intermittent therapy approach, where patients receive daily doses of HAART for seven days, followed by seven days off the medication. This regimen has shown significant reductions in certain side effects, including cholesterol and triglyceride levels, without compromising treatment efficacy.
A new study found that Topamax significantly reduced the severity of manic symptoms in patients with bipolar disorder, with 70% experiencing improvement. The medication was well-tolerated, with no significant weight gain and fewer side effects compared to traditional treatments.
A study is underway to test the effectiveness of zoledronate, a bisphosphonate medication, in preventing bone loss in spinal cord injury patients. The results could also have implications for astronauts on long-duration space missions, where bone loss is a significant concern.
The US FDA has approved Tracleer (bosentan) tablets as the first oral treatment for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. The medication works by blocking the effects of endothelin on blood vessels, improving exercise capacity and reducing symptoms. Regulatory reviews are ongoing in several countries.
A landmark clinical trial at 22 medical centers has found that implanted heart pumps with wearable controls significantly increase the likelihood of terminally ill heart failure patients surviving a year, with a 52.1% one-year survival rate compared to 24.7% for those receiving medication and medical monitoring.
A recent study found that 2% of heart attack patients treated with thrombolytics had medical conditions that should have ruled them out, resulting in poorer outcomes. These patients were three times more likely to die and eight times more likely to experience bleeding complications.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that allopurinol, a medication commonly used to treat gout, can improve heart muscle efficiency and reduce energy consumption in patients with congestive heart failure. The study showed a 20% reduction in energy consumption without affecting contraction strength.
Researchers found that EECP therapy increases levels of angiogenic factors, promoting the development of collateral vessels and improving blood flow. The study suggests EECP may be an alternative to invasive procedures for treating some Americans with angina.
Researchers found that compound PP188 shortened crisis duration, particularly in patients taking hydroxyurea and children. The study showed a significant reduction in pain disappearance within a week for those treated with PP188 compared to placebo.
The NIH is funding three new synchrotron beamlines at Argonne National Laboratory to aid in the structural study of biological molecules. These facilities will be used to analyze protein structures that can help develop targeted cancer treatments.
Researchers at University Hospitals of Cleveland report promising results from Phase I trials of a new cancer drug, Combretastatin A4 Prodrug. The study showed significant reduction in tumor blood flow after infusion of the drug, with some patients experiencing complete remission and prolonged periods of freedom from disease progression.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University found that daily doses of Angiostatin, combined with radiation, caused a partial response in patients with advanced cancer. The treatment was well-tolerated, with few side effects reported.
The Combining Medications and Behavioral Interventions (COMBINE) study evaluates the effectiveness of behavioral treatments alone and in combination with medications for treating alcoholism. Researchers at Yale University are recruiting participants to participate in the study.
Yale researchers found that diphenhydramine, a commonly prescribed sedative, increases the risk of delirium symptoms in older hospitalized patients. The study suggests that using diphenhydramine as a routine sleeping aid should be discouraged in older hospitalized patients due to potential harm
In a phase IIa trial, TMC125 demonstrated a rapid and strong antiviral effect, reducing HIV viral loads by up to 99.9%. The study showed that 8 out of 12 patients had their viral loads reduced to less than 400 copies/ml without any rebound or drug resistance.
Preclinical studies demonstrated PT-141's ability to increase precopulatory sexual behaviors in female rodents. The peptide analog stimulated melanocortin receptors, which play a role in appetite and sexual arousal. Palatin expects PT-141 to offer a unique treatment for women with desire disorders.
The TALENT trial assesses Tarceva's value in NSCLC treatment, showing promising anti-tumor activity. Additionally, a Phase Ib study evaluates Tarceva's feasibility in combination with chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer.
A new randomized, controlled clinical trial found no significant difference in the incidence of stroke or death among postmenopausal women who received estrogen therapy. The study suggests that estrogen should not be prescribed for preventing a second stroke or death in these patients.
The HERA (HERceptin Adjuvant) Study aims to determine if earlier use of Herceptin increases disease-free survival for women with early breast cancer. The trial will recruit over 3000 patients across 600 trial sites globally.
A randomized, double-blind trial found colesevelam significantly lowered mean LDL levels by up to 18% without serious adverse events. This effect was independent of sex or age, making colesevelam a useful therapeutic alternative for patients with mild to moderate primary hypercholesterolemia.
A clinical trial found acupuncture to be as effective as the commonly used medication ondansetron in reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting. Additionally, women who received acupuncture reported lower levels of moderate to severe pain after breast surgery, a surprising discovery that opens up new possibilities for pain management.
The study explores the sanctioned and unsanctioned use of stimulants among Canadian adolescents. It highlights concerns about parental and peer involvement in prescription stimulant use, as well as the risks associated with long-term use.
Researchers found oregano oil to inhibit staphylococcus bacterial growth as effectively as standard antibiotics. A study using mice also showed that oregano oil and carvacrol had promising results against the bacteria.
New research presents preliminary results of a study on Xenical's effectiveness in promoting rapid and sustained weight loss. The medication has been shown to improve cardiovascular risk factors and maintain weight loss for up to two years, resulting in significant health benefits.
A new analysis of studies shows that behavioral interventions, including counseling and training programs, can significantly improve blood pressure management. More than 4,000 participants benefited from these programs, which offered improved blood pressure control over usual care.
Exisulind, a new selective apoptotic anti-neoplastic drug, delays disease progression in men with recurrent prostate cancer by slowing the rise of PSA levels. The study also found significant inhibition of tumor growth in mice, suggesting potential as a treatment option for advanced prostate cancer.