Articles tagged with Drug Studies
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A recent NHLBI study found that traditional diuretics are more effective than newer antihypertensive medications in treating high blood pressure and preventing cardiovascular events. The study, which involved over 42,000 participants, showed that diuretics reduced the risk of heart attacks and strokes by 34% compared to the other groups.
Researchers describe three patients with valvular heart disease linked to long-term pergolide therapy, highlighting the need for further studies to determine the association. The Mayo Clinic team recommends discontinuing pergolide if valvular disease is detected, emphasizing the importance of monitoring patients
A multicenter study published in Depression and Anxiety found that mecamylamine, a nicotine antagonist, significantly improved behavioral and emotional symptoms in children co-diagnosed with Tourette's syndrome and major depression. The study suggested that mecamylamine stabilizes mood by inhibiting nicotinic receptors.
A Phase II study of CC-5013, a thalidomide-like compound, has shown significant anti-myeloma activity with measurable responses in about 50 percent of evaluable patients. The drug has been well tolerated, with evidence that the daily dosing regimen has fewer side effects than the twice daily schedule.
In a Phase II clinical trial, VELCADE (bortezomib) produced partial responses in 32% of patients with relapsed or refractory myeloma. The overall response rate was 35%, with some patients continuing to show positive responses nearly a year after treatment.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have found a promising new treatment for patients receiving stem cell transplants. The combination therapy of sirolimus and tacrolimus reduced the risk of GVHD to 13%, compared to 30% in normal cases.
The study found that controlling heart rate provides no benefit over controlling the heart's irregular rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation. This approach may also be less expensive due to lower hospitalization rates and costs.
Researchers studied patients' understanding of living wills, finding significant differences in interpretation, and found that certain ventilator modes can worsen sleep quality. Inspiratory muscle training also improved respiratory function in patients with severe COPD.
Recent studies have found that hospitalists provide better patient outcomes in terms of reduced costs, shorter hospital stays, and lower short-term mortality rates compared to non-hospitalist physicians. The benefits of hospitalist care became evident only after the second year of both studies, highlighting the importance of experience...
A long-term study of Enbrel found that it effectively treated rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for up to five years, with 71% of patients achieving the ACR 20 response. The medication was also well-tolerated, with no increased rate of serious adverse events or infections compared to placebo.
In the 48-week SOLO trial, patients taking GW433908/r QD achieved undetectable viral load in 68%, compared to 65% of those taking nelfinavir BID. The study also showed improved efficacy in patients with high or low CD4 counts at baseline.
A phase I trial using rViscumin administered intravenously has begun in Hanover and Nantes, France, with preliminary results showing immune system responses to the drug. The trials are part of further Phase I studies being considered, which will determine the clinical significance of rViscumin.
Duke University Medical Center researchers found that a new drug combination, combining eptifibatide and tenecteplase, speeds up and sustains restored blood flow to the heart. The study showed significant improvements in ECG readings, with patients receiving the combination therapy returning to stable levels within 55 minutes.
A sub-analysis of the ASSENT-3 trial data found that anti-coagulation drugs have different effects in patients with diabetes after a heart attack. Enoxaparin was recommended for acute heart attack patients with diabetes due to its lower risk of death and refractory chest pain compared to abciximab.
A new study suggests statin therapy may slow the progression of aortic stenosis in patients with heart valve disease. By reducing cholesterol and inflammation, statins could potentially eliminate the need for valve replacement surgery in some patients.
A Phase II trial found that pexelizumab reduced the death rate in patients who received angioplasty, but not infarct size. The researchers suggest a new mechanism of action and plan further studies to explore its effects on patient outcomes.
Starting beta-blocker before discharge in heart failure patients significantly improves usage, reducing death and morbidity by over 35%. Early hospital-initiated therapy boosts 91% 60-day medication adherence rate.
Researchers found that teen-age girls with a history of depression display enhanced alpha activity in the brain, indicating a consistent abnormality. A family history of alcoholism is associated with beta activity in a different region, suggesting potential biological markers for liability to alcoholism or depression.
A recent study by HealthPartners found that insurance coverage for smoking cessation programs had no significant effect on quitting rates. Despite previous studies suggesting the effectiveness of bupropion and nicotine replacement therapy, researchers found that smokers with coverage were no more likely to quit than those without it.
A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that training improved certain thinking and reasoning abilities in older adults. The training focused on developing strategies to improve memory, problem-solving, and concentration, but did not affect daily living skills.
Researchers found that a cholesterol drug, atorvastatin, reduced paralysis and suppressed attacks in mice with multiple sclerosis. The study suggests that the drug could prevent progression to definite multiple sclerosis in individuals who have had a first attack.
Researchers found that estrogen replacement therapy improved memory performance in rats with ovaries removed, but not when specific cholinergic neurons were destroyed. The study suggests that estrogen may help reduce the risk of Alzheimer's-related dementia in postmenopausal women by affecting these neurons.
The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) has awarded a total of $4.5 million to create a community-based drug abuse prevention trials network. The grants will support multi-site studies of evidence-based interventions aimed at preventing substance abuse in urban school settings.
Lantern carbonate has been shown to reduce high phosphate levels and calcium levels in the blood, reducing the risk of calcification of the coronary arteries. The study also found that lanthanum carbonate is well-tolerated and associated with a lower incidence of serious adverse events.
A genetic variant in the CYP2B6 gene has been found to impact smoking cessation success. Researchers discovered that smokers with a decreased activity variant of this gene were more likely to relapse during treatment. The study also suggests that bupropion may be more effective for female smokers, particularly those with the polymorphism.
A K-State professor has found that medications used to treat other animals can be safely administered to llamas and alpacas to relieve intestinal worms. He conducted the research in the university's animal facility and discovered effective treatments using anti-parasitic drugs.
A recent study from the Framingham Heart Study has shown a small but significant improvement in heart-failure survival rates since the 1990s. This increase is attributed to the widespread adoption of proven-effective medications such as beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and aldosterone antagonists. The findings suggest that treating patie...
Researchers suggest using rapamycin to improve renal function and reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury in marginal kidney transplants. The study found that kidneys treated with cyclosporine fared worse than those treated with rapamycin, leading to restricted blood flow and poorer filtration.
A new combination therapy of photodynamic therapy and triamcinolone injection significantly improves visual acuity in patients with wet age-related macular degeneration. The treatment requires fewer retreatments compared to existing therapies, including Visudyne, and reduces costs.
Researchers have discovered a new therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's and neurodegenerative diseases by targeting the p53 protein. The compounds have been shown to prevent cell death and damage in animal models of stroke, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's disease.
A study found that treating acid reflux significantly improved quality of life and reduced asthma symptoms in patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma. The use of a proton pump inhibitor, such as lansoprazole, was shown to offer significant benefits for these patients.
Early results of North American trials of oxaliplatin show a 70% delay in tumour progression and significant improvement in symptoms for patients with advanced bowel cancer. The US FDA has approved the drug for use in these patients.
A phase II study found that coenzyme Q10 can slow the rate of functional decline in Parkinson's disease by improving mitochondrial function and energy-producing reactions. The study showed that higher doses of coenzyme Q10, up to 1,200 mg/day, were safe and more effective than lower doses.
A landmark study shows that high doses of coenzyme Q10 can slow the progression of Parkinson's disease, measured by movement difficulty or disability. The study found significant reductions in motor disabilities, mental function, and mood among participants taking the nutrient.
A national clinical trial with 80 Parkinson's patients showed that high-dose coenzyme Q10 slowed functional decline by 44%, particularly in everyday activities. The therapy needs to be tested in a larger trial before it can be recommended.
A study of 1,900 older African-American participants found that continuous antihypertensive medication reduced the risk of memory loss by over a third. The research provides another reason for African-Americans to take their blood pressure pills and highlights the importance of managing high blood pressure to prevent cognitive impairment.
A study by UT Southwestern researcher Dr. John Rush and colleagues found that long-term treatment of chronic depression can result in sustained psychosocial benefits. The therapy showed significant improvement rates among patients taking Zoloft, with only 6% relapse rate compared to 23% for the placebo group.
The ASCOT trial found that atorvastatin significantly reduced heart attacks and strokes among patients with hypertension and low cholesterol. Patients given atorvastatin suffered less heart attacks and strokes compared to those receiving a placebo treatment.
A recent study using MRI scans found that children with ADHD showed smaller brain volumes in all regions compared to their peers. The researchers suggest that the disorder may be caused by genetic factors rather than medication use.
Researchers found that everolimus reduced scar tissue growth in stents, preventing re-blockages by 46-40 percent. The oral medication shows promise as a treatment for restenosis and may reduce the need for stenting.
University of Pittsburgh researchers have developed a urinary catheter that can directly measure blood flow and oxygen utilization in the body. This innovation allows for more timely monitoring of trauma patients and could lead to better outcomes by providing insights into mechanisms of organ failure.
Research suggests that long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease by up to 45% if started before the onset of dementia. Aspirin compounds and other medications showed similar protective effects, while recent or late use offered little protection.
A recent clinical trial testing celecoxib in pregnant women found that it appears to be a safer alternative for preventing preterm delivery, with fewer side effects compared to indomethacin. The study also suggests that celecoxib is just as effective in delaying delivery and may offer a new option for women at risk of preterm labor.
A study found that vitamin E supplements did not slow the progression of atherosclerosis in healthy individuals, despite reducing oxidized LDL cholesterol levels. The research suggests that antioxidant therapy may be beneficial for specific groups, such as younger individuals or those with high-risk profiles.
A study found that naltrexone significantly reduced relapse rates among Spanish patients with a Mediterranean drinking pattern, demonstrating its effectiveness when combined with psycho-social intervention. The results suggest that naltrexone can be a suitable treatment option for European alcohol-dependent patients.
A new generation antipsychotic quetiapine, combined with mood stabilizers, shows improved efficacy in treating manic symptoms of bipolar disorder. The study results indicate that more patients experience full resolution of manic symptoms when treated with quetiapine.
Bipolar disorder is associated with high rates of substance abuse, with 60% of patients using stimulants. Dual-diagnosis patients require increased hospitalization and have poorer treatment response. Researchers are studying medications to reduce drug cravings and usage.
A clinical trial found that defibrotide reversed severe veno-occlusive disease (VOD) in over one-third of stem cell transplant recipients. The treatment also showed improved survival rates for patients, with many long-term survivors reported.
A randomized trial of 1810 patients with unstable coronary syndromes found that early intervention reduced the combined endpoint of death, non-fatal heart attack, or severe angina by half. The main effect was seen in severe angina, and rates of death and heart attack were similar between groups at one year follow-up.
A new study evaluates CX516, an Ampakine compound, to enhance glutamate transmission in the brain for fragile X syndrome and autism. The trial aims to improve cognitive deficits associated with these diseases.
A new compound, ajulemic acid, is being tested for its effectiveness in treating chronic pain, arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. Results from animal studies have shown promising results, and the compound has been found to be safe and effective with minimal side effects.
Research by Colleen Flaherty reveals pharmaceuticals can stunt growth and result in more male offspring in Daphnia, while combination effects can be lethal. The study highlights the need to consider multiple chemicals in assessing ecological impacts.
The American Thoracic Society's first issue for August 2002 discusses significant reductions in fatal cardiovascular disease among smokers who quit, with a 50-70% higher hazard rate compared to non-smokers. Additionally, the study reveals improved HIV survival rates, with a marked increase in patients receiving HAART and surviving to h...
A new time-release stimulant has been shown to produce significant behavioral improvements in children with ADHD, regardless of dosage. The medication offers a stable therapeutic environment and symptom control into the evening, allowing for improved daily functioning.
Researchers are conducting clinical trials to restore sexual desire in menopausal women using an investigational skin patch. Approximately 43% of women experience some form of difficulty in their sexual function, significantly higher than men.
Researchers found risperidone significantly more effective than placebo in improving behavior in children with autism, with 69% showing improvement compared to 12% on placebo. The medication was well-tolerated but associated with a substantial increase in body weight.
A new study found that risperidone, an antipsychotic agent, was effective in reducing irritability and behavioral problems in children with severe autism. The trial involved 101 children between ages 5 and 17, showing a significant positive response to treatment, with 69% experiencing marked improvement.
Research reveals distinct patterns of use among methamphetamine and cocaine abusers, with meth users more likely to experience attention and organizational difficulties. Cocaine users, on the other hand, tend to consume the drug primarily in the evening, leading to differences in cognitive impairment.
Researchers found omapatrilat to be effective in treating heart failure, with some indications of superiority over standard ACE inhibitors. Patients with both hypertension and heart failure showed the greatest benefit from omapatrilat.
Researchers found that low-dose extended-release niacin improves lipid levels and glycemic control in patients with diabetes. The therapy also raises high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, a healthier type of cholesterol.