Articles tagged with Drug Studies
The ALTA-1 trial found brigatinib to be a first-line treatment option for advanced ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer, with a 51% reduction in progression or death risk compared to crizotinib. Patients treated with brigatinib also showed improved response rates and longer progression-free survival.
A large-scale international study published in PLOS Medicine found that a new medication called Nilvadipine showed promise in slowing the progression of mild and moderate Alzheimer's disease. However, the overall group of patients did not benefit from the treatment. Further research is needed to explore its potential.
A new study found that pregabalin, a common painkiller, is not effective in controlling chronic pain after traumatic nerve injury. However, it did show promise in relieving post-surgical pain for patients who underwent certain procedures.
The ReCre8 trial found that a novel polymer-free amphilimus-eluting stent was clinically safe and effective, comparable to a durable polymer zotarolimus-eluting stent. The study showed that one-month DAPT in troponin-negative patients may be safe regarding stent thrombosis.
The BIONYX trial found that the Resolute Onyx stent is safe and effective in a complex patient population, with low rates of cardiac death and target vessel-related myocardial infarction. The stent's improved radiographic visibility facilitates accurate assessment of stent expansion and apposition to the arterial wall.
A recent study published in BMJ reveals that European Union clinical trial registrations are incomplete, with universities struggling to meet regulatory requirements. Pharmaceutical companies, however, show relatively good compliance with EU regulations.
Phase 1 and phase 2 clinical trials of entrectinib in ROS1-positive non-small cell lung cancer demonstrated a response rate of 77.4 percent and median duration of response of 24.6 months. Entrectinib also showed competitive results in patients with brain metastases and poor prognosis
A multicenter clinical trial found that the transcatheter mitral valve repair significantly reduced hospitalizations and mortality for heart failure patients with moderate-to-severe or severe functional mitral regurgitation. The procedure improved symptoms, quality of life, and survival rates.
Researchers at Barrow Neurological Institute have developed a new clinical trial regimen for treating glioblastoma, a complex brain tumor. The study demonstrates the ability of the drug AZD1775 to penetrate brain tissue and provide clinically-relevant activity against human glioblastoma.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine found that smaller sample sizes can greatly exaggerate the magnitude of group differences in multisensory integration studies. Studies with sample sizes of 20 or less are more likely to produce inflated results, which can lead to incorrect conclusions and potential failures in therapy development.
A vicious feedback loop drives brain degeneration in Alzheimer's disease, but a clinically approved drug may provide a solution. The study identified Dkk1 as a central player in the cycle, and targeting it with fasudil shows promise in animal models.
A new brain imaging method can accurately diagnose Alzheimer's disease by detecting specific tau protein depositions. The method has shown great sensitivity and specificity in detecting 90-95% of all cases of Alzheimer's, outperforming existing diagnostic methods.
New Zealand research found that infants on proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are not at higher risk of pneumonia or lower respiratory tract infections. The study of over 21,000 infants dispensed PPIs between 2005 and 2012 revealed a relatively low number of serious lung infections among those using the medication.
Researchers found that targeting IL-1β reduced risk of gout attacks by half, with no change in serum urate levels, suggesting an independent mechanism. The study's findings could lead to new therapeutic avenues for both heart disease and crystal diseases like gout.
The POPULAR study confirms a significant association between neuromuscular blocking agents and respiratory complications after surgery. Established techniques to avoid residual paralysis did not lower the patients' risk of pulmonary complications.
A clinical trial has shown that targeted lung denervation (TLD) reduces chronic respiratory symptoms, exacerbations, and hospitalizations in COPD patients. The procedure involves delivering radiofrequency energy to the nerves on the outside of the airways, causing them to relax and widen.
A systematic review found that healthy infants and children taking probiotics are 29% less likely to receive antibiotics. Probiotics may reduce antibiotic use by reducing the incidence and duration of infections, making them a potential tool for physicians as an alternative to antibiotics.
The study found that prescription rates for ADHD medications are still lower than diagnosis rates worldwide, highlighting disparities in clinical approaches to treating the condition. In contrast, regions like North America have higher medication use rates, but also face concerns of overdiagnosis and overmedication.
A study found that only 49.5% of clinical trials in Europe reported results as required by EU regulations, with commercial sponsors being more likely to comply than non-commercial ones. The researchers also discovered inconsistencies in the EU Clinical Trials Register and developed a website to track compliance.
A new study by Centre for Addiction and Mental Health suggests that an inhaled form of a high blood pressure medication may treat certain types of anxiety as well as pain. The treatment uses a short-acting nasal spray called amiloride, which targets physiological changes in brain functioning linked to anxiety and pain sensitivity.
A new study found that mechanically ventilated patients treated with vasopressor medications have a higher risk of developing ICU-associated weakness. The use of beta-adrenergic receptor-stimulating vasopressors like norepinephrine was associated with a three-fold increase in the odds of developing weakness.
A recent study by Boston Medical Center found that only 24% of youths receive FDA-approved medications for opioid use disorder within three months of diagnosis. Patients who receive medication are more likely to remain in treatment compared to those who only receive behavioral health services.
Two DNA testing programs in Spain and UK successfully matched patient tumor profiles with targeted therapies, enabling new opportunities for personalized medicine. The programs use whole genome sequencing to identify specific genetic features of tumors and match them with early clinical trials.
A new antimalarial drug called DM1157 is being tested in a Phase 1 clinical trial for its safety and efficacy. The trial aims to enroll up to 104 healthy volunteers and assess the drug's impact on the human body.
A recent study found that black adults are at higher risk for dangerous blood pressure spikes, with nearly 90% of those experiencing hypertensive crisis being black. The study also revealed that anemia and chronic kidney disease can increase the risk of hypertensive emergencies.
A new international collaborative study led by Dr. Dick Menzies found that new TB drugs achieve excellent results in treating MDR-TB, demonstrating consistently better cure rates and reduced mortality compared to currently used treatments. The study prompted a complete overhaul of worldwide guidelines for MDR-TB treatment.
Researchers found that varenicline, a medication used to help cigarette smokers quit, had no effect on shisha smokers. Shisha smoking poses similar health risks as cigarette smoking due to inhalation of large volumes of tobacco and charcoal smoke.
A new influenza drug, baloxavir marboxil, has been shown to significantly shorten the duration of flu symptoms in teens and adults, clearing virus more quickly than placebo. The drug's antiviral potency was found to be similar to that of a five-day course of oseltamivir, but with greater effectiveness and no significant side effects.
A pilot study found that transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation improved arousal, lubrication, and orgasm in women with female sexual dysfunction. Eight out of nine participants reported significant improvements, comparable to or greater than prior studies of different treatments for FSD.
A Phase 1 clinical trial is underway to evaluate the immune-boosting properties of imiquimod cream in combination with an H5N1 influenza vaccine. The study aims to enhance the immune response conferred by the pre-pandemic vaccine, potentially reducing the number of doses required to achieve sufficient immunity.
A new intervention has been found to reduce mortality rates by 50% among people with HIV who inject drugs. The program combines psychosocial counseling, guidance on the healthcare system, and support from systems navigators to increase treatment participation and HIV suppression.
A study published in The Lancet found that telemedical interventional management reduced unplanned hospitalizations by 44% and increased life expectancy for patients with heart failure. Patients who received remote patient management interventions also showed significant reductions in all-cause mortality, regardless of their location.
A simple intervention program increased antiretroviral medication use by 30% among HIV-positive injection-drug users, while also reducing deaths and viral suppression. The flexible program was well-received globally and can be scaled up to improve worldwide health.
The HPTN 074 study demonstrates a significant reduction in mortality and increased antiretroviral therapy usage among participants, leading to improved viral suppression. The integrated intervention combining psychosocial counseling and substance use treatment referrals was associated with enhanced uptake of these services.
A phase 2 trial conducted by Cleveland Clinic shows that ibudilast decreased progression of brain atrophy in progressive MS patients by 48 percent versus placebo. The study also demonstrated the utility of advanced imaging in clinical trials to measure the impact of therapies on brain health.
Researchers at Wake Forest School of Medicine discover a safe and non-addictive pain medication called AT-121, which suppressed addictive effects of opioids and produced morphine-like analgesic effects. The compound also blocks abuse potential of prescription opioids like buprenorphine, offering hope to treat pain and opioid abuse.
A clinical trial of over 250 participants with progressive multiple sclerosis found that ibudilast slowed down brain shrinkage compared to a placebo. The study showed a difference of approximately 2.5 milliliters of brain tissue between the two groups, but it is unclear if this translates to improved symptoms or function.
At ESC Congress 2018, a record 156 countries were represented, with over 4,500 abstracts presented in 500 expert sessions. Key clinical trials included MARINER, CAMELLIA-TIMI 61, and ASCEND, which may impact practice and guideline updates. The congress also featured new guidelines for hypertension care.
The BASKET-SMALL 2 trial found that a removable balloon is as good as a permanent stent for opening small blocked arteries, with no significant differences in major adverse cardiac events. The study showed improved outcomes without the need for prolonged treatment with anticlotting medicines.
Treatment with irbesartan, a blood pressure medication, slows aortic dilatation in children and young adults with Marfan syndrome. The five-year study found a clinically important reduction in aortic dilatation rates, potentially delaying surgical intervention and reducing complications.
A clinical trial of over 1,000 patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators found that ranolazine was safe but did not significantly decrease the likelihood of the first occurrence of ventricular arrhythmia or death. However, it did lower the number of recurring episodes of ventricular tachycardia.
Studies present new approaches to treating small coronary artery disease with drug-coated balloons, reducing the need for stents. Radial access is associated with lower rates of adverse events compared to femoral access in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
A large trial found that long-term single antiplatelet therapy after stenting is relatively safe, but it does not reduce the risk of death or heart attacks compared to standard dual antiplatelet therapy. The study involved over 15,000 patients and followed them for two years.
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) has been associated with a decrease in cost-related nonadherence to medication among adult stroke survivors. This is primarily attributed to the increase in Medicaid coverage and subsequent reduction in uninsurance rates within this group.
A study found that nearly 20% of children use prescription medications, with 7.5% using multiple medications simultaneously. Adolescent girls are most vulnerable to harmful drug-drug interactions due to higher concurrent use of antidepressants and other psychotropic medications.
A new study published in JAMA Neurology shows that the Affordable Care Act's Medicaid expansion has reduced the number of young stroke survivors who stop taking their medications due to cost. The study found that nearly 31% of all stroke survivors aged 45-64 were covered by Medicaid, up from 24% in 2011-2013.
A phase three clinical trial has shown that tafamidis can reduce deaths by 30% and cardiovascular-related hospitalizations by 32%. The treatment also slows the decline in quality of life among patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. If approved, it would be the first medical therapy for this life-threatening disease.
The COMMANDER HF trial found that rivaroxaban did not significantly reduce the risk of death, myocardial infarction, or stroke in patients with recent worsening of chronic heart failure and coronary artery disease. Rivaroxaban was associated with a lower rate of nonfatal stroke, but a higher risk of major bleeding compared to placebo.
Researchers found that only 8% of studies included some primary care patients, and none were conducted solely in primary care settings. Primary care physicians should be represented in advisory boards, considered for study grants, and primary care patients need to be included in trials of drugs used in primary care.
Research from the University of Sydney shows that high-quality medication reminder apps increase people's adherence to cardiovascular medication. A clinical trial found no additional benefits from advanced features like snooze reminders and social support structures.
A weight loss drug, lorcaserin, does not increase the risk of cardiovascular events, according to a study that enrolled over 12,000 adults. The trial found noninferiority of lorcaserin for major adverse cardiovascular events compared to placebo after three years.
Research suggests that patients with high blood pressure are more likely to rely on medication rather than reducing their salt intake, leading to higher blood pressure levels and increased medication use. Salt restriction is recommended as a key strategy to manage hypertension, but many patients fail to adhere to guidelines.
A new drug, upadacitinib, has been shown to be effective in patients with moderate to severe forms of rheumatoid arthritis who have not responded to conventional treatments. The drug, a selective inhibitor of Janus kinase 1, has been found to improve joint swelling and pain symptoms in a phase III clinical trial.
A study found that having friends who are former smokers decreases the odds of quitting smoking, while highly connected friend groups also show promise. Participants reported strong support from their contacts, with 90% approving of using counseling to quit.
A type of cellular stress known as senescence has been linked to Alzheimer's disease and other human brain diseases. Researchers identified senescent cells in postmortem tissue from Alzheimer's patients and found them in another brain disease, progressive supranuclear palsy.
A new HIV therapy has been shown to reduce viral replication and increase immune cells in individuals with advanced, drug-resistant HIV infection. The study found that nearly half of patients experienced viral load suppression at six months, making it a promising option for those with multi-drug resistance.
A new study investigates pre-existing perceptions about pain medications in individuals with chronic pain, revealing that personalized care by a pharmacist can have a significant impact on patient experiences and outcomes.
Research identified four simple checks on brain scans that can help doctors predict patients at risk of further bleeding after a brain hemorrhage. These checks can be applied during routine care to monitor patients and improve survival rates, especially in low- or middle-income countries where access to advanced CT angiography is limited.
A phase 1 clinical trial at the University of Colorado Cancer Center has shown promising results, with 72% 2-year survival in heavy smokers. The combination of olaparib, cetuximab, and radiation was found to be synthetically lethal for cancer cells, leading to enhanced cell death.
A new drug repurposing study has identified two commonly prescribed medications that may increase the risk of heart disease. Hydroxychloroquine, an anti-rheumatic drug, was found to be associated with lower rates of coronary artery disease, while carbamazepine, a medication for epilepsy and neuropathic pain, may increase the risk.